HESI FUNDAMENTAL EXAM ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH DETAILED VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS (GRADED
A+)
the purpose of therapeutic interaction -CORRECT ANSWER- to allow the client to autonomy to
make choices when appropriate. keep statements value-free, advice free, and reassurance-free
what action should the nurse take in a psychiatric situation when the client describes a physical
problem? -CORRECT ANSWER- assess. example: if a client has schizophrenia complains of
chest pain take their blood pressure
basic communication principles -CORRECT ANSWER- establish trust, nonjudgemental
attitude,active listening, offer self, accept client's feelings, validate client's statements, matter of
fact approach
nausea is a common complaint after ECT -CORRECT ANSWER- vomiting by an unconscious
can lead to aspiration. maintain a paten airway
common physiological responses to anxiety -CORRECT ANSWER- increased heart rate, and
blood pressure, rapid shallow respirations, dry mouth, tight feeling in throat, tremors, muscle
twitching, anorexia, urinary frequency, palmar sweating
nurse-client anxiety -CORRECT ANSWER- anxiety is contagious, nurse needs to asses on
anxiety level and remain calm. it helps gain control, decrease anxiety, and increase feelings of
security
desensitization -CORRECT ANSWER- is the nursing intervention for phobia disorders. --assess
client to recognize the factors associated with feared stimuli.
-teach and practice with client alternative coping strategies
-expose client to feared stimuli
,-provide positive reinforcement
the nurse should place an anxious client where there are reduced environmental stimuli -
CORRECT ANSWER- quiet area of the unit away from the nurse's station
the best time for interaction with a client is at the completion of the performed ritual -CORRECT
ANSWER- the client's anxiety is lowest at this time and its an optimal time for learning
compulsive acts are used in response to anxiety, which may or may not be related to the
obsession. its the nurse's responsibility help alleviate anxiety -CORRECT ANSWER- its the
nurse's responsibility help alleviate anxiety, interfering will increase the anxiety
as long as the client's acts are free of violence: nurse should.... -CORRECT ANSWER- actively
listen to the clients obsessive themes
acknowledge the effects that ritualistic acts have on the client
demonstrate empathy
avoid being judgmental
for clients with PTSD, the nurse should.... -CORRECT ANSWER- actively listen to client's
stories of experiences surrounding the traumatic event
assess suicide risk
assist client to develop objectivity about the event and problem solve regarding possible means
of controlling anxiety related to the event
encourage group therapy with other clients who have experienced the same traumatic event
be aware of your own feelings when dealing with this somatoform clients. -CORRECT
ANSWER- the pain is real to the person experiencing it
theses disorders cannot be explained medically, it results from internal conflict. the nurse
should... -CORRECT ANSWER- acknowledge the symptom or complaint
,reaffirm that diagnostic test results reveal no organic pathology
determine the secondary gains acquired by the client
avoid giving clients with dissociative disorders too much information about past events at one
time -CORRECT ANSWER- the various types of amnestic that accompany dissociative
disorders provide protection from pain and too much to soon can cause decompensation
personality disorders are long standing behavioral traits that are maladaptive responses to anxiety
and that cause difficulty in relating to and working with other individuals -CORRECT
ANSWER- persons with personality disorders are usually comfortable with their disorders and
believe that they are right and the world is wrong and have little motivation
people with anorexia gain pleasure from providing others with food and watching them eat -
CORRECT ANSWER- these behaviors reinforce their perception of self-control. don not allow
these clients to plan or prepare food for unit-based activities
individuals with Bulimia often use syrup of ipecac to induce vomiting. if ipecac is not vomited
and is absorbed, cardiotoxicity may occur and cause conduction disturbances, cardiac
dysrhythmias, fatal myocarditis, and circulatory failure -CORRECT ANSWER- because heart
failure is not usually seen in this age group, it is often overlooked. assess for edema and listen to
breath sounds
physical assessment and nutritional support are a priority, the physiological implication are great.
nursing interventions should increase self-esteem and develop a positive body image. -
CORRECT ANSWER- family therapy is most effective because issues of control are common in
these (eating disorders.) therapy is usually long term
the most important s/s of depression are a depressed mood with a loss of interest in the pleasures
in life -CORRECT ANSWER- the client has a sustained loss
s/s of depression -CORRECT ANSWER- significant change in appetite
insomnia
, fatigue or lack of energy
feelings of hopelessness
loss of ability to concentrate
preoccupation with death or suicide
depressed clients have difficulty hearing and accepting compliments because of their lowered
self-concept -CORRECT ANSWER- comment on signs of improvement by noting behavior
the nurse knows depressed clients are improving when they -CORRECT ANSWER- begin to
take an interest in their appearance or begin to perform self-care activities
the nurse should suspect an imminent suicide attempt if a depressed client becomes "better" -
CORRECT ANSWER- be aware a happy affect may signify the the client feels relieved that a
plan has been made and is prepared for the suicide attempt
when dealing with a depressed client the nurse should assist with personal hygiene tasks and
encourage the client to initiate grooming activities even when they dont feel like doing so -
CORRECT ANSWER- this helps to promote self-esteem and a sense of control
nursing intervention for depressed client -CORRECT ANSWER- sit quietly with the client,
offering your support with your presence
side effects of antianxiety drugs -CORRECT ANSWER- sedation, drowsiness
s/e of antidepressants drugs -CORRECT ANSWER- anticholinergic effects, postural hypotension
s/e MAO inhibitors -CORRECT ANSWER- hypertensive crisis
lithium requires renal function assessment and monitoring -CORRECT ANSWER-
phenothiazines cause EPS (tardic dyskinesia can be permanent)
WITH DETAILED VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS (GRADED
A+)
the purpose of therapeutic interaction -CORRECT ANSWER- to allow the client to autonomy to
make choices when appropriate. keep statements value-free, advice free, and reassurance-free
what action should the nurse take in a psychiatric situation when the client describes a physical
problem? -CORRECT ANSWER- assess. example: if a client has schizophrenia complains of
chest pain take their blood pressure
basic communication principles -CORRECT ANSWER- establish trust, nonjudgemental
attitude,active listening, offer self, accept client's feelings, validate client's statements, matter of
fact approach
nausea is a common complaint after ECT -CORRECT ANSWER- vomiting by an unconscious
can lead to aspiration. maintain a paten airway
common physiological responses to anxiety -CORRECT ANSWER- increased heart rate, and
blood pressure, rapid shallow respirations, dry mouth, tight feeling in throat, tremors, muscle
twitching, anorexia, urinary frequency, palmar sweating
nurse-client anxiety -CORRECT ANSWER- anxiety is contagious, nurse needs to asses on
anxiety level and remain calm. it helps gain control, decrease anxiety, and increase feelings of
security
desensitization -CORRECT ANSWER- is the nursing intervention for phobia disorders. --assess
client to recognize the factors associated with feared stimuli.
-teach and practice with client alternative coping strategies
-expose client to feared stimuli
,-provide positive reinforcement
the nurse should place an anxious client where there are reduced environmental stimuli -
CORRECT ANSWER- quiet area of the unit away from the nurse's station
the best time for interaction with a client is at the completion of the performed ritual -CORRECT
ANSWER- the client's anxiety is lowest at this time and its an optimal time for learning
compulsive acts are used in response to anxiety, which may or may not be related to the
obsession. its the nurse's responsibility help alleviate anxiety -CORRECT ANSWER- its the
nurse's responsibility help alleviate anxiety, interfering will increase the anxiety
as long as the client's acts are free of violence: nurse should.... -CORRECT ANSWER- actively
listen to the clients obsessive themes
acknowledge the effects that ritualistic acts have on the client
demonstrate empathy
avoid being judgmental
for clients with PTSD, the nurse should.... -CORRECT ANSWER- actively listen to client's
stories of experiences surrounding the traumatic event
assess suicide risk
assist client to develop objectivity about the event and problem solve regarding possible means
of controlling anxiety related to the event
encourage group therapy with other clients who have experienced the same traumatic event
be aware of your own feelings when dealing with this somatoform clients. -CORRECT
ANSWER- the pain is real to the person experiencing it
theses disorders cannot be explained medically, it results from internal conflict. the nurse
should... -CORRECT ANSWER- acknowledge the symptom or complaint
,reaffirm that diagnostic test results reveal no organic pathology
determine the secondary gains acquired by the client
avoid giving clients with dissociative disorders too much information about past events at one
time -CORRECT ANSWER- the various types of amnestic that accompany dissociative
disorders provide protection from pain and too much to soon can cause decompensation
personality disorders are long standing behavioral traits that are maladaptive responses to anxiety
and that cause difficulty in relating to and working with other individuals -CORRECT
ANSWER- persons with personality disorders are usually comfortable with their disorders and
believe that they are right and the world is wrong and have little motivation
people with anorexia gain pleasure from providing others with food and watching them eat -
CORRECT ANSWER- these behaviors reinforce their perception of self-control. don not allow
these clients to plan or prepare food for unit-based activities
individuals with Bulimia often use syrup of ipecac to induce vomiting. if ipecac is not vomited
and is absorbed, cardiotoxicity may occur and cause conduction disturbances, cardiac
dysrhythmias, fatal myocarditis, and circulatory failure -CORRECT ANSWER- because heart
failure is not usually seen in this age group, it is often overlooked. assess for edema and listen to
breath sounds
physical assessment and nutritional support are a priority, the physiological implication are great.
nursing interventions should increase self-esteem and develop a positive body image. -
CORRECT ANSWER- family therapy is most effective because issues of control are common in
these (eating disorders.) therapy is usually long term
the most important s/s of depression are a depressed mood with a loss of interest in the pleasures
in life -CORRECT ANSWER- the client has a sustained loss
s/s of depression -CORRECT ANSWER- significant change in appetite
insomnia
, fatigue or lack of energy
feelings of hopelessness
loss of ability to concentrate
preoccupation with death or suicide
depressed clients have difficulty hearing and accepting compliments because of their lowered
self-concept -CORRECT ANSWER- comment on signs of improvement by noting behavior
the nurse knows depressed clients are improving when they -CORRECT ANSWER- begin to
take an interest in their appearance or begin to perform self-care activities
the nurse should suspect an imminent suicide attempt if a depressed client becomes "better" -
CORRECT ANSWER- be aware a happy affect may signify the the client feels relieved that a
plan has been made and is prepared for the suicide attempt
when dealing with a depressed client the nurse should assist with personal hygiene tasks and
encourage the client to initiate grooming activities even when they dont feel like doing so -
CORRECT ANSWER- this helps to promote self-esteem and a sense of control
nursing intervention for depressed client -CORRECT ANSWER- sit quietly with the client,
offering your support with your presence
side effects of antianxiety drugs -CORRECT ANSWER- sedation, drowsiness
s/e of antidepressants drugs -CORRECT ANSWER- anticholinergic effects, postural hypotension
s/e MAO inhibitors -CORRECT ANSWER- hypertensive crisis
lithium requires renal function assessment and monitoring -CORRECT ANSWER-
phenothiazines cause EPS (tardic dyskinesia can be permanent)
