PSY 3213 Exam 2 Questions with 100% Verified Answers
One aspect of the scientific method is that it is consistent. Which one of the following claims is
not a result of science being conducted in a consistent manner? - ✔✔The findings are
generalizable
People often over-estimate the annual number of deaths in plane crashes, compared to the
much more numerous car-accident deaths. Jackie agrees and says it's because people are more
used to seeing reports of plane accidents and thus it is more salient than reports on car
accidents. Jackie is referring to - ✔✔The availability heuristic
Replication is an important aspect of scientific research. However, there are many instances in
which replication occurs frequently within a particular laboratory but fails when other research
laboratories attempt the experiment. One possibility is due to the ___________, as researchers
are often known to have trouble switching views. Another reason may be the ___________,
since researchers have vested interests in successfully conducting their work. - ✔✔belief
perseverance; self-serving bias
Researchers often present preliminary data. Which one of the following best describes
preliminary data? - ✔✔Preliminary data should be interpreted with caution. But even so,
science is a
peer-reviewed process and these data are widely accepted at conferences to be
presented and critiqued.
The idea of converging evidence is when: - ✔✔the evidence across multiple studies tells a
coherent story, finds a similar
pattern of results, and suggests that they are robust.
We have discussed many ways of evaluating research or research-based claims. Which one of
the following descriptions is the least reasonable approach? - ✔✔One way to approach
evaluating research claims is to conduct your own
research. Most individuals who are posing questions already have knowledge
,relevant to conducting research, it is often inexpensive, and conducting your own
research is the most directly answers the question you are interested in.
What does it mean when the scientific method seeks for objective research? - ✔✔The
research must be based on striving for the truth.
Which of the following best describes the relationship between basic and applied research? -
✔✔Basic research produces findings that are often the foundation of applied
research.
Which of the following biases or heuristics make it particularly challenging for researchers to
convince the public that the findings might be interesting and novel? - ✔✔Hindsight Bias
Which of the following descriptions best describes the cognitive miser model? - ✔✔It
maximizes use of past experience and efficiently demands attention to a small amount of
presented information.
Which of the following does not describe a claim arising from cognitive bias? - ✔✔After
reading multiple media reports on sleep, Luke claims that everyone should sleep enough to be
able to concentrate well.
Which of the following is best categorized as a pseudo-scientific claim? - ✔✔A group of
expert researchers citing anecdotal evidence in a presentation to
claim support to their theory about how stress influences workplace performance.
Which of the following is the best way of evaluating claims in the media? - ✔✔By gathering
multiple media reports and checking if they agree.
Which of the following options describes an instance of the replication of scientific
findings? - ✔✔When at least one other identical study has found the same results.
, Which of the following pieces of information is least likely to help readers to evaluate the
quality of research claims made by a media article? - ✔✔The duration of the research
Which of the following regarding mood effects and decision fatigue is true? - ✔✔Mood
effects and decision fatigue both influence the researcher and the
research participant.
Your textbook outlined three goals for science. Which of the following is true about these
goals? - ✔✔The three goals are description, explanation, and prediction. They are
intertwined stages that influence one another in the scientific process.
Anecdotal evidence, as seen with the example of Power bands that athletes use, are a hallmark
of scientific research. - ✔✔False
Basic and applied research are two strands that inform each other. - ✔✔True
Cognitive biases are simple procedures that allow individuals to make fast, yet not necessarily
perfect, decisions to solve problems. - ✔✔False
Cognitive biases can influence your ability to evaluate a research claim. - ✔✔True
Findings and studies that are consistent are generally not reliable. - ✔✔False
If a specific area of research has findings that show converging evidence, one can infer that
replication has occurred. - ✔✔True
One of the goals of science is to make predictions. - ✔✔True
One aspect of the scientific method is that it is consistent. Which one of the following claims is
not a result of science being conducted in a consistent manner? - ✔✔The findings are
generalizable
People often over-estimate the annual number of deaths in plane crashes, compared to the
much more numerous car-accident deaths. Jackie agrees and says it's because people are more
used to seeing reports of plane accidents and thus it is more salient than reports on car
accidents. Jackie is referring to - ✔✔The availability heuristic
Replication is an important aspect of scientific research. However, there are many instances in
which replication occurs frequently within a particular laboratory but fails when other research
laboratories attempt the experiment. One possibility is due to the ___________, as researchers
are often known to have trouble switching views. Another reason may be the ___________,
since researchers have vested interests in successfully conducting their work. - ✔✔belief
perseverance; self-serving bias
Researchers often present preliminary data. Which one of the following best describes
preliminary data? - ✔✔Preliminary data should be interpreted with caution. But even so,
science is a
peer-reviewed process and these data are widely accepted at conferences to be
presented and critiqued.
The idea of converging evidence is when: - ✔✔the evidence across multiple studies tells a
coherent story, finds a similar
pattern of results, and suggests that they are robust.
We have discussed many ways of evaluating research or research-based claims. Which one of
the following descriptions is the least reasonable approach? - ✔✔One way to approach
evaluating research claims is to conduct your own
research. Most individuals who are posing questions already have knowledge
,relevant to conducting research, it is often inexpensive, and conducting your own
research is the most directly answers the question you are interested in.
What does it mean when the scientific method seeks for objective research? - ✔✔The
research must be based on striving for the truth.
Which of the following best describes the relationship between basic and applied research? -
✔✔Basic research produces findings that are often the foundation of applied
research.
Which of the following biases or heuristics make it particularly challenging for researchers to
convince the public that the findings might be interesting and novel? - ✔✔Hindsight Bias
Which of the following descriptions best describes the cognitive miser model? - ✔✔It
maximizes use of past experience and efficiently demands attention to a small amount of
presented information.
Which of the following does not describe a claim arising from cognitive bias? - ✔✔After
reading multiple media reports on sleep, Luke claims that everyone should sleep enough to be
able to concentrate well.
Which of the following is best categorized as a pseudo-scientific claim? - ✔✔A group of
expert researchers citing anecdotal evidence in a presentation to
claim support to their theory about how stress influences workplace performance.
Which of the following is the best way of evaluating claims in the media? - ✔✔By gathering
multiple media reports and checking if they agree.
Which of the following options describes an instance of the replication of scientific
findings? - ✔✔When at least one other identical study has found the same results.
, Which of the following pieces of information is least likely to help readers to evaluate the
quality of research claims made by a media article? - ✔✔The duration of the research
Which of the following regarding mood effects and decision fatigue is true? - ✔✔Mood
effects and decision fatigue both influence the researcher and the
research participant.
Your textbook outlined three goals for science. Which of the following is true about these
goals? - ✔✔The three goals are description, explanation, and prediction. They are
intertwined stages that influence one another in the scientific process.
Anecdotal evidence, as seen with the example of Power bands that athletes use, are a hallmark
of scientific research. - ✔✔False
Basic and applied research are two strands that inform each other. - ✔✔True
Cognitive biases are simple procedures that allow individuals to make fast, yet not necessarily
perfect, decisions to solve problems. - ✔✔False
Cognitive biases can influence your ability to evaluate a research claim. - ✔✔True
Findings and studies that are consistent are generally not reliable. - ✔✔False
If a specific area of research has findings that show converging evidence, one can infer that
replication has occurred. - ✔✔True
One of the goals of science is to make predictions. - ✔✔True
