PSY 3213 Exam 2025| 160 Questions with 100% Verified
Answers
Which of the following is one of the ways that researchers can avoid reactivity in observational
studies? - ✔✔Masked or blinded study designs protect against observer effects, not
reactivity.
Jenny recently learned of plans to cut down an old beautiful tree on her campus to make way
for a new bike path. Jenny is opposed to cutting down the tree, and she decides to survey some
students at her university to see if others also oppose cutting down the tree. She plans to share
the results of her survey with the school administration to argue to keep the tree. One question
on Jenny's survey asks, "Do you oppose not cutting down this tree?" A problem with this
question is that it is a _____________. - ✔✔Negatively worded question
Which of the following is true about self-reports? - ✔✔They are valuable sources of
information when researchers are interested in a person's internal experiences. If a self-report
measure has good construct validity, it can be a valuable source of information about a person's
internal experiences.
When people are asked why they made a certain choice, they ______________. - ✔✔will tell
you why they think they made that choice, but they may not be accurate at identifying the true
reason for their choice
Judy writes a survey to assess how much people worry. Her survey has 20 questions that people
can rate their level of agreement to on a seven-point Likert scale. All of the questions are
worded so that higher responses will indicate a higher level of worry. After having 100 people
complete her survey, she finds that a lot of respondents often respond to all of the questions by
choosing only the "strongly agree" option. What is this kind of responding called? -
✔✔Acquiescence
Judy writes a survey to assess how much people worry. Her survey has 20 questions that people
can rate their level of agreement to on a seven-point Likert scale. All of the questions are
worded so that higher responses will indicate a higher level of worry. After having 100 people
complete her survey, she finds that a lot of respondents often respond to all of the questions by
,choosing only the "strongly agree" option. How could she improve the construct validity of her
survey? - ✔✔She could include reverse-worded items.
Professor Meyer gives the students in his class a mid-semester feedback survey asking them
how stressed out they are by the assignments in his class. The majority of his class report that
they feel "extremely stressed." What might explain this? - ✔✔faking bad
Which of the following is true about open-ended questions? - ✔✔They provide rich data, but
they can be time-consuming for researchers because the responses need to be coded.
Is it ethical for psychological researchers to observe people in a public place? - ✔✔Yes,
because in those settings people can reasonably expect their behavior to be public, not private.
Professor Law wants to construct a survey to assess involvement with computer games. Which
of the following would be an example of an open-ended question? - ✔✔What computer
games have you played?
Professor Law wants to construct a survey to assess involvement with computer games. Which
is a forced-choice question? - ✔✔Which is truer of you? a) I have little interest in computer
games or b) I would miss computer games if I couldn't play anymore.
Professor Law wants to construct a survey to assess involvement with computer games. Which
question uses a Likert-type scale? - ✔✔On a scale of 1 (Strongly agree) to 5 (Strongly
disagree) scale, rate the following statement: Computer games are a great pastime.
Professor Law wants to construct a survey to assess involvement with computer games. Which
question is a double-barreled question? - ✔✔On a scale of 0 (Not at all) to 5 (Very much),
rate how much you like and play your favorite game.
The campus safety committee has asked Professor Ibrahim to study bicycling on his campus. He
trains two observers and has them observe the number of cyclists and their safety at various
points around campus. Both observers are very interested in the topic because they have been
, struck by bicycles. Although the interrater reliability is high, what threat to construct validity
should concern Professor Ibrahim? - ✔✔observer bias
The campus safety committee has asked Professor Ibrahim to study bicycling on his campus. He
trains two observers and has them observe the number of cyclists and their safety at various
points around campus. When the observations began, the observers noticed that bicyclists
slowed down when they neared the observers. How could this reactivity be avoided? -
✔✔The observers could make unobtrusive observations by hiding.
Jenny recently learned of plans to cut down an old beautiful tree on her campus to make way
for a new bike path. Jenny is opposed to cutting down the tree, and she decides to survey some
students at her university to see if others also oppose cutting down the tree. She plans to share
the results of her survey with the school administration to argue to keep the tree. One question
on Jenny's survey asks, "Would you be in favor of brutally cutting down this majestic tree to
make way for a stupid bike path?" How could this question be changed to improve its construct
validity? - ✔✔use more neutral language so that it is not a leading question
The campus safety committee has asked Professor Ibrahim to study bicycling on his campus. He
trains two observers and has them observe the number of cyclists and their safety at various
points around campus. Initially, the observers can't agree about what is dangerous behavior.
Professor Ibrahim refines his codebooks to clearly define the rating scales and retrains the
observers. What is he addressing by doing this? - ✔✔the reliability of the measurement
The campus safety committee has asked Professor Ibrahim to study bicycling on his campus. He
trains two observers and has them observe the number of cyclists and their safety at various
points around campus. After completing the observational study, Professor Ibrahim sends a
survey out to the entire campus about bicycle safety, and asks all bicyclists to respond. He finds
a large difference between their reports of how safely they ride and what his observers found.
What is the most likely cause of the self-report ratings being inconsistent with the
observational data? - ✔✔The bicyclists were probably responding in a socially desirable way
on the self-report survey.
Joseph wants to find out what customers at his restaurant think about the food and the service.
He creates a survey for diners to fill out at the end of their meal with three questions: 1) Please
rate the food from 1-10, where 1 is yucky and 10 is delicious; 2) Please rate the service from 1-
Answers
Which of the following is one of the ways that researchers can avoid reactivity in observational
studies? - ✔✔Masked or blinded study designs protect against observer effects, not
reactivity.
Jenny recently learned of plans to cut down an old beautiful tree on her campus to make way
for a new bike path. Jenny is opposed to cutting down the tree, and she decides to survey some
students at her university to see if others also oppose cutting down the tree. She plans to share
the results of her survey with the school administration to argue to keep the tree. One question
on Jenny's survey asks, "Do you oppose not cutting down this tree?" A problem with this
question is that it is a _____________. - ✔✔Negatively worded question
Which of the following is true about self-reports? - ✔✔They are valuable sources of
information when researchers are interested in a person's internal experiences. If a self-report
measure has good construct validity, it can be a valuable source of information about a person's
internal experiences.
When people are asked why they made a certain choice, they ______________. - ✔✔will tell
you why they think they made that choice, but they may not be accurate at identifying the true
reason for their choice
Judy writes a survey to assess how much people worry. Her survey has 20 questions that people
can rate their level of agreement to on a seven-point Likert scale. All of the questions are
worded so that higher responses will indicate a higher level of worry. After having 100 people
complete her survey, she finds that a lot of respondents often respond to all of the questions by
choosing only the "strongly agree" option. What is this kind of responding called? -
✔✔Acquiescence
Judy writes a survey to assess how much people worry. Her survey has 20 questions that people
can rate their level of agreement to on a seven-point Likert scale. All of the questions are
worded so that higher responses will indicate a higher level of worry. After having 100 people
complete her survey, she finds that a lot of respondents often respond to all of the questions by
,choosing only the "strongly agree" option. How could she improve the construct validity of her
survey? - ✔✔She could include reverse-worded items.
Professor Meyer gives the students in his class a mid-semester feedback survey asking them
how stressed out they are by the assignments in his class. The majority of his class report that
they feel "extremely stressed." What might explain this? - ✔✔faking bad
Which of the following is true about open-ended questions? - ✔✔They provide rich data, but
they can be time-consuming for researchers because the responses need to be coded.
Is it ethical for psychological researchers to observe people in a public place? - ✔✔Yes,
because in those settings people can reasonably expect their behavior to be public, not private.
Professor Law wants to construct a survey to assess involvement with computer games. Which
of the following would be an example of an open-ended question? - ✔✔What computer
games have you played?
Professor Law wants to construct a survey to assess involvement with computer games. Which
is a forced-choice question? - ✔✔Which is truer of you? a) I have little interest in computer
games or b) I would miss computer games if I couldn't play anymore.
Professor Law wants to construct a survey to assess involvement with computer games. Which
question uses a Likert-type scale? - ✔✔On a scale of 1 (Strongly agree) to 5 (Strongly
disagree) scale, rate the following statement: Computer games are a great pastime.
Professor Law wants to construct a survey to assess involvement with computer games. Which
question is a double-barreled question? - ✔✔On a scale of 0 (Not at all) to 5 (Very much),
rate how much you like and play your favorite game.
The campus safety committee has asked Professor Ibrahim to study bicycling on his campus. He
trains two observers and has them observe the number of cyclists and their safety at various
points around campus. Both observers are very interested in the topic because they have been
, struck by bicycles. Although the interrater reliability is high, what threat to construct validity
should concern Professor Ibrahim? - ✔✔observer bias
The campus safety committee has asked Professor Ibrahim to study bicycling on his campus. He
trains two observers and has them observe the number of cyclists and their safety at various
points around campus. When the observations began, the observers noticed that bicyclists
slowed down when they neared the observers. How could this reactivity be avoided? -
✔✔The observers could make unobtrusive observations by hiding.
Jenny recently learned of plans to cut down an old beautiful tree on her campus to make way
for a new bike path. Jenny is opposed to cutting down the tree, and she decides to survey some
students at her university to see if others also oppose cutting down the tree. She plans to share
the results of her survey with the school administration to argue to keep the tree. One question
on Jenny's survey asks, "Would you be in favor of brutally cutting down this majestic tree to
make way for a stupid bike path?" How could this question be changed to improve its construct
validity? - ✔✔use more neutral language so that it is not a leading question
The campus safety committee has asked Professor Ibrahim to study bicycling on his campus. He
trains two observers and has them observe the number of cyclists and their safety at various
points around campus. Initially, the observers can't agree about what is dangerous behavior.
Professor Ibrahim refines his codebooks to clearly define the rating scales and retrains the
observers. What is he addressing by doing this? - ✔✔the reliability of the measurement
The campus safety committee has asked Professor Ibrahim to study bicycling on his campus. He
trains two observers and has them observe the number of cyclists and their safety at various
points around campus. After completing the observational study, Professor Ibrahim sends a
survey out to the entire campus about bicycle safety, and asks all bicyclists to respond. He finds
a large difference between their reports of how safely they ride and what his observers found.
What is the most likely cause of the self-report ratings being inconsistent with the
observational data? - ✔✔The bicyclists were probably responding in a socially desirable way
on the self-report survey.
Joseph wants to find out what customers at his restaurant think about the food and the service.
He creates a survey for diners to fill out at the end of their meal with three questions: 1) Please
rate the food from 1-10, where 1 is yucky and 10 is delicious; 2) Please rate the service from 1-
