Forest Measurements Final Exam UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
How is Basal Area determined? - CORRECT ANSWER - (dbh)squared * 0.005454
How do you convert chains to acres? - CORRECT ANSWER - (L * W) = (ch)squared
(ch)squared / 10 = ac
How do you convert chains to miles? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1 ch = 66 ft & 5,280 ft in a
mile
(# chains * 66) / 5,280 ft
How are board feet determined? - CORRECT ANSWER - (L * W * D)
How is slope determined? - CORRECT ANSWER - rise/run
How do you convert feet to acres? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1 ac = 43,560 ft.squared
How do you convert a reference fraction to an equivalent scale? - CORRECT ANSWER -
divide by 12
1:12000 = 1":1000'
What are some key forest stand characteristics that may be of interest to natural resource
managers and how are they measured? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Land use history -
aerial and historical photo interpretation
2. Area of plot - dot grid
3. Stand Age - tree coring
4. Age class distribution - stand table development
, 5. Average dbh - dendrometer
6. Tree height - clinometer
How do you find the quadratic mean diameter? - CORRECT ANSWER - First, find the
average BA. Then find the square root of the avg. BA divided by 0.005454
How is total tree height measured? Merchantable? (process & formula) - CORRECT
ANSWER - Total tree height is taken from 1 chain (66') away. 2 values are determined
using a clinometer: top and bottom. Total height is the base of the tree to the very top of the
crown. Merchantable height stops at the first major bifurcation.
Height = 66' x (top % +/- bottom %) / 100
- if the signs are opposite, add
- if the signs are the same, subtract
What formula is used to calculate MERCHANTABLE tree volume? TOTAL tree volume? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Smalian's Formula:
- for merchantable volume, you first must calculate merchantable height ("length")
- next, find the basal area of the large end, "B", and small end, "b", (dbh)squared * 0.005454
Volume(3) = (B + b)/2 x length
For total volume, 66' is substituted for length rather than merchantable height
What are the three main road foot scaling methods and how are they different? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Scribner - Underscales all logs; doesn't account for taper
Doyle's - Underscales small logs and overscales large logs
International ¼" - Most accurate because it allows for taper (¼" kerf)
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
How is Basal Area determined? - CORRECT ANSWER - (dbh)squared * 0.005454
How do you convert chains to acres? - CORRECT ANSWER - (L * W) = (ch)squared
(ch)squared / 10 = ac
How do you convert chains to miles? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1 ch = 66 ft & 5,280 ft in a
mile
(# chains * 66) / 5,280 ft
How are board feet determined? - CORRECT ANSWER - (L * W * D)
How is slope determined? - CORRECT ANSWER - rise/run
How do you convert feet to acres? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1 ac = 43,560 ft.squared
How do you convert a reference fraction to an equivalent scale? - CORRECT ANSWER -
divide by 12
1:12000 = 1":1000'
What are some key forest stand characteristics that may be of interest to natural resource
managers and how are they measured? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Land use history -
aerial and historical photo interpretation
2. Area of plot - dot grid
3. Stand Age - tree coring
4. Age class distribution - stand table development
, 5. Average dbh - dendrometer
6. Tree height - clinometer
How do you find the quadratic mean diameter? - CORRECT ANSWER - First, find the
average BA. Then find the square root of the avg. BA divided by 0.005454
How is total tree height measured? Merchantable? (process & formula) - CORRECT
ANSWER - Total tree height is taken from 1 chain (66') away. 2 values are determined
using a clinometer: top and bottom. Total height is the base of the tree to the very top of the
crown. Merchantable height stops at the first major bifurcation.
Height = 66' x (top % +/- bottom %) / 100
- if the signs are opposite, add
- if the signs are the same, subtract
What formula is used to calculate MERCHANTABLE tree volume? TOTAL tree volume? -
CORRECT ANSWER - Smalian's Formula:
- for merchantable volume, you first must calculate merchantable height ("length")
- next, find the basal area of the large end, "B", and small end, "b", (dbh)squared * 0.005454
Volume(3) = (B + b)/2 x length
For total volume, 66' is substituted for length rather than merchantable height
What are the three main road foot scaling methods and how are they different? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Scribner - Underscales all logs; doesn't account for taper
Doyle's - Underscales small logs and overscales large logs
International ¼" - Most accurate because it allows for taper (¼" kerf)
