Chapter,01:,,
,
1.,Which,factor,significantly,contributed,to,the,shift,from,home,births,to,hospital,births,in,th
e,,early,20th,century?,,
a. Puerperal,sepsis,was,identified,as,a,risk,factor,in,labor,and,delivery.,,
b. Forceps,were,developed,to,facilitate,difficult,births.,,
c. The,importance,of,early,parental-infant,contact,was,identified.,,
d. Technologic,developments,became,available,to,physicians.,
-, ANSWERS
:,D,,Technologic,developments,were,available,to,physicians,,not,lay,midwives.,So,in-
hospital,,
births,increased,in,order,to,take,advantage,of,these,advancements.,Puerperal,sepsis,has,
been,a,,
known,problem,for,generations.,In,the,late,19th,century,,Semmelweis,discovered,how,it,c
ould,,
be,prevented,with,improved,hygienic,practices.,The,development,of,forceps,is,an,exampl
e,of,,
a,technology,advance,made,in,the,early,20th,century,but,is,not,the,only,reason,
birthplaces,,
moved.,Unlike,home,births,,early,hospital,births,hindered,bonding,between,parents,and,t
heir,,
infants.,PTS:,1,DIF:,Cognitive,Level:,Knowledge/Remembering,,
REF:,p.,1,OBJ:,Integrated,Process:,Teaching-Learning,,
MSC:,Client,Needs:,Safe,and,Effective,Care,Environment,
,
2.,Family-centered,maternity,care,developed,in,response,to,,
a. demands,by,physicians,for,family,involvement,in,childbirth.,,
b. the,Sheppard-Towner,Act,of,1921.,,
c. parental,requests,that,infants,be,allowed,to,remain,with,them,rather,than,in,a,,
nursery.,,
d. changes,in,pharmacologic,management,of,labor.,-, ANSWERS :,C,,
As,research,began,to,identify,the,benefits,of,early,extended,parent-infant,contact,,
parents,,
began,to,insist,that,the,infant,remain,with,them.,This,gradually,developed,into,the,practice
,of,,
rooming-in,and,finally,to,family-centered,maternity,care.,Family-
centered,care,was,a,request,,by,parents,,not,physicians.,The,Sheppard-
Towner,Act,of,1921,provided,funds,for,,state-
managed,programs,for,mothers,and,children.,The,changes,in,pharmacologic,,manage
ment,of,labor,were,not,a,factor,in,family-centered,maternity,care.,PTS:,1,DIF:,
Cognitive,Level:,Knowledge/Remembering,,
REF:,p.,2,OBJ:,Integrated,Process:,Teaching-Learning,,
,MSC:,Client,Needs:,Psychosocial,Integrity,
,
3.,Which,setting,for,childbirth,allows,the,least,amount,of,parent-infant,contact?,,
a. Labor/delivery/recovery/postpartum,room,,
b. Birth,center,,
c. Traditional,hospital,birth,,
d. Home,birth,-, ANSWERS :,C,,
In,the,traditional,hospital,setting,,the,mother,may,see,the,infant,for,only,short,feeding,peri
ods,,,
and,the,infant,is,cared,for,in,a,separate,nursery.,The,labor/delivery/recovery/postpartum,
room,,
setting,allows,increased,parent-
infant,contact.,Birth,centers,are,set,up,to,allow,an,increase,in,,
parent-infant,contact.,Home,births,allow,an,increase,in,parent-infant,contact.,PTS:,1,
DIF:,Cognitive,Level:,Knowledge/Remembering,,
REF:,p.,2,OBJ:,Nursing,Process:,Planning,,
MSC:,Client,Needs:,Health,Promotion,and,Maintenance,
,
4.,As,a,result,of,changes,in,health,care,delivery,and,funding,,a,current,trend,seen,in,the,pe
diatric,,setting,is,,
a. increased,hospitalization,of,children.,,
b. decreased,number,of,children,living,in,poverty.,,
c. an,increase,in,ambulatory,care.,,
d. decreased,use,of,managed,care.,-, ANSWERS :,C,,
One,effect,of,managed,care,has,been,that,pediatric,health,care,delivery,has,shifted,,dram
atically,from,the,acute,care,setting,to,the,ambulatory,setting,in,order,to,provide,more,,
cost-
efficient,care.,The,number,of,hospital,beds,being,used,has,decreased,as,more,care,is,,
given,in,outpatient,settings,and,in,the,home.,The,number,of,children,living,in,poverty,has,,
increased,over,the,past,decade.,One,of,the,biggest,changes,in,health,care,has,been,the,g
rowth,,
of,managed,care.,PTS:,1,DIF:,Cognitive,Level:,Knowledge/Remembering,,
REF:,p.,5,OBJ:,Nursing,Process:,Planning ,,
MSC:,Client,Needs:,Safe,and,Effective,Care,Environment
,
5.,The,Women,,Infants,,and,Children,(WIC),program,provides,,
a. well-child,examinations,for,infants,and,children,living,at,the,poverty,level.,,
b. immunizations,for,high-risk,infants,and,children.,,
c. screening,for,infants,with,developmental,disorders.,,
d. supplemental,food,supplies,to,low-income,pregnant,or,breastfeeding,women.,-,
ANSWERS :,D,,
WIC,is,a,federal,program,that,provides,supplemental,food,supplies,to,low-
income,women,,
,who,are,pregnant,or,breastfeeding,and,to,their,children,until,age,5,years.,Medicaid's,E
arly,,and,Periodic,Screening,,Diagnosis,,and,Treatment,Program,provides,for,well-
child,,examinations,and,for,treatment,of,any,medical,problems,diagnosed,during,such
,checkups.,,
Children,in,the,WIC,program,are,often,referred,for,immunizations,,but,that,is,not,the,prima
ry,,
focus,of,the,program.,Public,Law,99-457,is,part,of,the,Individuals,with,Disabilities,
Education,,
Act,that,provides,financial,incentives,to,states,to,establish,comprehensive,early,interventi
on,,
services,for,infants,and,toddlers,with,,or,at,risk,for,,developmental,disabilities.,PTS:,1,
DIF:,Cognitive,Level:,Comprehension,REF:,p.,8,,
OBJ:,Integrated,Process:,Teaching-Learning,,
MSC:,Client,Needs:,Health,Promotion,and,Maintenance,
,
6.,In,most,states,,adolescents,who,are,not,emancipated,minors,must,have,the,p
ermission,of,their,,parents,before,,
a. treatment,for,drug,abuse.,,
b. treatment,for,sexually,transmitted,diseases,(STDs).,,
c. accessing,birth,control.,,
d. surgery.,-, ANSWERS :,D,,
Minors,are,not,considered,capable,of,giving,informed,consent,,so,a,surgical,procedure,wo
uld,,
require,consent,of,the,parent,or,guardian.,Exceptions,exist,for,obtaining,treatment,for,d
rug,,abuse,or,STDs,or,for,getting,birth,control,in,most,states.,PTS:,1,DIF:,Cognitive,Lev
el:,
Knowledge/Remembering,,
REF:,p.,17,OBJ:,Nursing,Process:,Planning,,
MSC:,Client,Needs:,Safe,and,Effective,Care,Environment,
,
7.,The,maternity,nurse,should,have,a,clear,understanding,of,the,correct,use,of,a,clinical,
pathway.,One,characteristic,of,clinical,pathways,is,that,they ,,
a.,are,developed,and,implemented,by,nurses. ,,
b. are,used,primarily,in,the,pediatric,setting.,,
c. set,specific,time,lines,for,sequencing,interventions.,,
d. are,part,of,the,nursing,process.,-, ANSWERS :,C,,
Clinical,pathways,are,standardized,,interdisciplinary,plans,of,care,devised,for,patients,wit
h,a,,
particular,health,problem.,They,are,used,to,identify,patient,outcomes,,specify,time,lines,to
,,
achieve,those,outcomes,,direct,appropriate,interventions,and,sequencing,of,interventions
,,,
include,interventions,from,a,variety,of,disciplines,,promote,collaboration,,and,involve,a,,c
omprehensive,approach,to,care.,They,are,developed,by,multiple,health,care,profession
, als,,and,reflect,interdisciplinary,care.,They,can,be,used,in,multiple,settings,and,for,patie
nts,,throughout,the,life,span.,They,are,not,part,of,the,nursing,process,but,can,be,used,in,
,conjunction,with,the,nursing,process,to,provide,care,to,patients.,PTS:,1,DIF:,Cognitive,
Level:,Knowledge/Remembering,,
REF:,p.,7,OBJ:,Nursing,Process:,Planning,,
MSC:,Client,Needs:,Safe,and,Effective,Care,Environment,
,
8.,The,fastest,growing,group,of,homeless,people,is,,
a. men,and,women,preparing,for,retirement.,,
b. migrant,workers.,,
c. single,women,and,their,children.,,
d. intravenous,(IV),substance,abusers.,-, ANSWERS :,C,,
Pregnancy,and,birth,,especially,for,a,teenager,,are,important,contributing,factors,for,beco
ming,,
homeless.,People,preparing,for,retirement,,migrant,workers,,and,IV,substance,abusers,
are,not,,among,the,fastest,growing,groups,of,homeless,people.,PTS:,1,DIF:,Cognitive,Le
vel:,
Knowledge/Remembering,,
REF:,p.,14,OBJ:,Nursing,Process:,Assessment,,
MSC:,Client,Needs:,Physiologic,Integrity,
,
9.,A,nurse,wishes,to,work,to,reduce,infant,mortality,in,the,United,States.,Which,activity,
would ,,
this,nurse,most,likely,participate,in? ,,
a.,Creating,pamphlets,in,several,different,languages,using,an,interpreter. ,,
b.,Assisting,women,to,enroll,in,Medicaid,by,their,third,trimester. ,,
c.,Volunteering,to,provide,prenatal,care,at,community,centers. ,,
d.,Working,as,an,intake,counselor,at,a,women's,shelter.,-, ANSWERS,,
:,C
Prenatal,care,is,vital,to,reducing,infant,mortality,and,medical,costs.,This,nurse,would ,
most ,,
likely,participate,in,community,service,providing,prenatal,care,outreach,activities,in ,,
community,centers,,particularly,in,low-income,areas.,Pamphlets,in,other,languages, ,
enrolling, ,
in,Medicaid,,and,working,at,a,women's,shelter,all,might,impact,infant,mortality,,but,the
greatest,effect,would,be,from,assisting,women,to,get,consistent,prenatal,care.,PTS:,1,
DIF:,Cognitive,Level:,Application/Applying,,
REF:,p.,14,OBJ:,Nursing,Process:,Implementation,,
MSC:,Client,Needs:,Health,Promotion,and,Maintenance,10.,The,intrapartum,woman,
sees,no,need,for,a,routine,admission,fetal,monitoring,strip.,If,she,,conti
nues,to,refuse,,what,is,the,first,action,the,nurse,should,take?,,a.,Cons
ult,the,family,of,the,woman.,,
b. Notify,the,provider,of,the,situation.,,
,
1.,Which,factor,significantly,contributed,to,the,shift,from,home,births,to,hospital,births,in,th
e,,early,20th,century?,,
a. Puerperal,sepsis,was,identified,as,a,risk,factor,in,labor,and,delivery.,,
b. Forceps,were,developed,to,facilitate,difficult,births.,,
c. The,importance,of,early,parental-infant,contact,was,identified.,,
d. Technologic,developments,became,available,to,physicians.,
-, ANSWERS
:,D,,Technologic,developments,were,available,to,physicians,,not,lay,midwives.,So,in-
hospital,,
births,increased,in,order,to,take,advantage,of,these,advancements.,Puerperal,sepsis,has,
been,a,,
known,problem,for,generations.,In,the,late,19th,century,,Semmelweis,discovered,how,it,c
ould,,
be,prevented,with,improved,hygienic,practices.,The,development,of,forceps,is,an,exampl
e,of,,
a,technology,advance,made,in,the,early,20th,century,but,is,not,the,only,reason,
birthplaces,,
moved.,Unlike,home,births,,early,hospital,births,hindered,bonding,between,parents,and,t
heir,,
infants.,PTS:,1,DIF:,Cognitive,Level:,Knowledge/Remembering,,
REF:,p.,1,OBJ:,Integrated,Process:,Teaching-Learning,,
MSC:,Client,Needs:,Safe,and,Effective,Care,Environment,
,
2.,Family-centered,maternity,care,developed,in,response,to,,
a. demands,by,physicians,for,family,involvement,in,childbirth.,,
b. the,Sheppard-Towner,Act,of,1921.,,
c. parental,requests,that,infants,be,allowed,to,remain,with,them,rather,than,in,a,,
nursery.,,
d. changes,in,pharmacologic,management,of,labor.,-, ANSWERS :,C,,
As,research,began,to,identify,the,benefits,of,early,extended,parent-infant,contact,,
parents,,
began,to,insist,that,the,infant,remain,with,them.,This,gradually,developed,into,the,practice
,of,,
rooming-in,and,finally,to,family-centered,maternity,care.,Family-
centered,care,was,a,request,,by,parents,,not,physicians.,The,Sheppard-
Towner,Act,of,1921,provided,funds,for,,state-
managed,programs,for,mothers,and,children.,The,changes,in,pharmacologic,,manage
ment,of,labor,were,not,a,factor,in,family-centered,maternity,care.,PTS:,1,DIF:,
Cognitive,Level:,Knowledge/Remembering,,
REF:,p.,2,OBJ:,Integrated,Process:,Teaching-Learning,,
,MSC:,Client,Needs:,Psychosocial,Integrity,
,
3.,Which,setting,for,childbirth,allows,the,least,amount,of,parent-infant,contact?,,
a. Labor/delivery/recovery/postpartum,room,,
b. Birth,center,,
c. Traditional,hospital,birth,,
d. Home,birth,-, ANSWERS :,C,,
In,the,traditional,hospital,setting,,the,mother,may,see,the,infant,for,only,short,feeding,peri
ods,,,
and,the,infant,is,cared,for,in,a,separate,nursery.,The,labor/delivery/recovery/postpartum,
room,,
setting,allows,increased,parent-
infant,contact.,Birth,centers,are,set,up,to,allow,an,increase,in,,
parent-infant,contact.,Home,births,allow,an,increase,in,parent-infant,contact.,PTS:,1,
DIF:,Cognitive,Level:,Knowledge/Remembering,,
REF:,p.,2,OBJ:,Nursing,Process:,Planning,,
MSC:,Client,Needs:,Health,Promotion,and,Maintenance,
,
4.,As,a,result,of,changes,in,health,care,delivery,and,funding,,a,current,trend,seen,in,the,pe
diatric,,setting,is,,
a. increased,hospitalization,of,children.,,
b. decreased,number,of,children,living,in,poverty.,,
c. an,increase,in,ambulatory,care.,,
d. decreased,use,of,managed,care.,-, ANSWERS :,C,,
One,effect,of,managed,care,has,been,that,pediatric,health,care,delivery,has,shifted,,dram
atically,from,the,acute,care,setting,to,the,ambulatory,setting,in,order,to,provide,more,,
cost-
efficient,care.,The,number,of,hospital,beds,being,used,has,decreased,as,more,care,is,,
given,in,outpatient,settings,and,in,the,home.,The,number,of,children,living,in,poverty,has,,
increased,over,the,past,decade.,One,of,the,biggest,changes,in,health,care,has,been,the,g
rowth,,
of,managed,care.,PTS:,1,DIF:,Cognitive,Level:,Knowledge/Remembering,,
REF:,p.,5,OBJ:,Nursing,Process:,Planning ,,
MSC:,Client,Needs:,Safe,and,Effective,Care,Environment
,
5.,The,Women,,Infants,,and,Children,(WIC),program,provides,,
a. well-child,examinations,for,infants,and,children,living,at,the,poverty,level.,,
b. immunizations,for,high-risk,infants,and,children.,,
c. screening,for,infants,with,developmental,disorders.,,
d. supplemental,food,supplies,to,low-income,pregnant,or,breastfeeding,women.,-,
ANSWERS :,D,,
WIC,is,a,federal,program,that,provides,supplemental,food,supplies,to,low-
income,women,,
,who,are,pregnant,or,breastfeeding,and,to,their,children,until,age,5,years.,Medicaid's,E
arly,,and,Periodic,Screening,,Diagnosis,,and,Treatment,Program,provides,for,well-
child,,examinations,and,for,treatment,of,any,medical,problems,diagnosed,during,such
,checkups.,,
Children,in,the,WIC,program,are,often,referred,for,immunizations,,but,that,is,not,the,prima
ry,,
focus,of,the,program.,Public,Law,99-457,is,part,of,the,Individuals,with,Disabilities,
Education,,
Act,that,provides,financial,incentives,to,states,to,establish,comprehensive,early,interventi
on,,
services,for,infants,and,toddlers,with,,or,at,risk,for,,developmental,disabilities.,PTS:,1,
DIF:,Cognitive,Level:,Comprehension,REF:,p.,8,,
OBJ:,Integrated,Process:,Teaching-Learning,,
MSC:,Client,Needs:,Health,Promotion,and,Maintenance,
,
6.,In,most,states,,adolescents,who,are,not,emancipated,minors,must,have,the,p
ermission,of,their,,parents,before,,
a. treatment,for,drug,abuse.,,
b. treatment,for,sexually,transmitted,diseases,(STDs).,,
c. accessing,birth,control.,,
d. surgery.,-, ANSWERS :,D,,
Minors,are,not,considered,capable,of,giving,informed,consent,,so,a,surgical,procedure,wo
uld,,
require,consent,of,the,parent,or,guardian.,Exceptions,exist,for,obtaining,treatment,for,d
rug,,abuse,or,STDs,or,for,getting,birth,control,in,most,states.,PTS:,1,DIF:,Cognitive,Lev
el:,
Knowledge/Remembering,,
REF:,p.,17,OBJ:,Nursing,Process:,Planning,,
MSC:,Client,Needs:,Safe,and,Effective,Care,Environment,
,
7.,The,maternity,nurse,should,have,a,clear,understanding,of,the,correct,use,of,a,clinical,
pathway.,One,characteristic,of,clinical,pathways,is,that,they ,,
a.,are,developed,and,implemented,by,nurses. ,,
b. are,used,primarily,in,the,pediatric,setting.,,
c. set,specific,time,lines,for,sequencing,interventions.,,
d. are,part,of,the,nursing,process.,-, ANSWERS :,C,,
Clinical,pathways,are,standardized,,interdisciplinary,plans,of,care,devised,for,patients,wit
h,a,,
particular,health,problem.,They,are,used,to,identify,patient,outcomes,,specify,time,lines,to
,,
achieve,those,outcomes,,direct,appropriate,interventions,and,sequencing,of,interventions
,,,
include,interventions,from,a,variety,of,disciplines,,promote,collaboration,,and,involve,a,,c
omprehensive,approach,to,care.,They,are,developed,by,multiple,health,care,profession
, als,,and,reflect,interdisciplinary,care.,They,can,be,used,in,multiple,settings,and,for,patie
nts,,throughout,the,life,span.,They,are,not,part,of,the,nursing,process,but,can,be,used,in,
,conjunction,with,the,nursing,process,to,provide,care,to,patients.,PTS:,1,DIF:,Cognitive,
Level:,Knowledge/Remembering,,
REF:,p.,7,OBJ:,Nursing,Process:,Planning,,
MSC:,Client,Needs:,Safe,and,Effective,Care,Environment,
,
8.,The,fastest,growing,group,of,homeless,people,is,,
a. men,and,women,preparing,for,retirement.,,
b. migrant,workers.,,
c. single,women,and,their,children.,,
d. intravenous,(IV),substance,abusers.,-, ANSWERS :,C,,
Pregnancy,and,birth,,especially,for,a,teenager,,are,important,contributing,factors,for,beco
ming,,
homeless.,People,preparing,for,retirement,,migrant,workers,,and,IV,substance,abusers,
are,not,,among,the,fastest,growing,groups,of,homeless,people.,PTS:,1,DIF:,Cognitive,Le
vel:,
Knowledge/Remembering,,
REF:,p.,14,OBJ:,Nursing,Process:,Assessment,,
MSC:,Client,Needs:,Physiologic,Integrity,
,
9.,A,nurse,wishes,to,work,to,reduce,infant,mortality,in,the,United,States.,Which,activity,
would ,,
this,nurse,most,likely,participate,in? ,,
a.,Creating,pamphlets,in,several,different,languages,using,an,interpreter. ,,
b.,Assisting,women,to,enroll,in,Medicaid,by,their,third,trimester. ,,
c.,Volunteering,to,provide,prenatal,care,at,community,centers. ,,
d.,Working,as,an,intake,counselor,at,a,women's,shelter.,-, ANSWERS,,
:,C
Prenatal,care,is,vital,to,reducing,infant,mortality,and,medical,costs.,This,nurse,would ,
most ,,
likely,participate,in,community,service,providing,prenatal,care,outreach,activities,in ,,
community,centers,,particularly,in,low-income,areas.,Pamphlets,in,other,languages, ,
enrolling, ,
in,Medicaid,,and,working,at,a,women's,shelter,all,might,impact,infant,mortality,,but,the
greatest,effect,would,be,from,assisting,women,to,get,consistent,prenatal,care.,PTS:,1,
DIF:,Cognitive,Level:,Application/Applying,,
REF:,p.,14,OBJ:,Nursing,Process:,Implementation,,
MSC:,Client,Needs:,Health,Promotion,and,Maintenance,10.,The,intrapartum,woman,
sees,no,need,for,a,routine,admission,fetal,monitoring,strip.,If,she,,conti
nues,to,refuse,,what,is,the,first,action,the,nurse,should,take?,,a.,Cons
ult,the,family,of,the,woman.,,
b. Notify,the,provider,of,the,situation.,,
