BBH EXAM BLOCK 2 Questions Solved 100% Correct
key aspect
identification of risk factors is a _____ ____ of epidemiology & BBH
non-modifiable risk factors
age, sex, race, family history
risk factors
_____ ______ can be modifiable or non-modifiable
age
______ is the main risk factor for diseases like
- cardiovascular disease
- cancer
- diabetes
- Alzheimers
World wide
About 2/3 (66%) of all deaths _________ are age related (this proportion is MUCH higher in
industrialized nations ~90%)
industrialized nation
about 90% of all deaths in _______ ______ are age related (due to higher income/resources
= BETTER ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE)
Why do we age?
mechanisms of aging are not understood
- programmed aging - we are designed to last a certain amount of time (telomeres)
- some aspects may be due to accumulated damage (DNA damage, waste buildup, free radicals)
telomeres
, (programmed aging) Repeated DNA sequences at the ends of chromosomes.
Each time a cell divides, the telomeres become slightly shorter. Eventually, they become so short
that the cell can no longer divide successfully, and the cell dies.
(affects DNA, developing tumors, etc)
accumulated damage
DNA damage, waste buildup, ree radicals -
free radicals
unstable atoms; they're not paired with an electron so they steal electrons; creating more
instability, leading to a buildup of cellular damage. (UV Rays)
Sex
women live longer than men. Men have a higher rate of disease compared to women (due to
behavior)
LESS LIKELY
men are _____ ______ to seek preventative medical care compared to women.
Race
reasons are not clear for disparities
- may involve genetic, cultural, or socioeconomic status.
family history
some diseases are clearly heritable (huntington's)
- lifestyle and environment are also associated with family history (early life environment is
determined by family members, Behaviors can be influenced by genetics & environment)
prevention
key aspect
identification of risk factors is a _____ ____ of epidemiology & BBH
non-modifiable risk factors
age, sex, race, family history
risk factors
_____ ______ can be modifiable or non-modifiable
age
______ is the main risk factor for diseases like
- cardiovascular disease
- cancer
- diabetes
- Alzheimers
World wide
About 2/3 (66%) of all deaths _________ are age related (this proportion is MUCH higher in
industrialized nations ~90%)
industrialized nation
about 90% of all deaths in _______ ______ are age related (due to higher income/resources
= BETTER ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE)
Why do we age?
mechanisms of aging are not understood
- programmed aging - we are designed to last a certain amount of time (telomeres)
- some aspects may be due to accumulated damage (DNA damage, waste buildup, free radicals)
telomeres
, (programmed aging) Repeated DNA sequences at the ends of chromosomes.
Each time a cell divides, the telomeres become slightly shorter. Eventually, they become so short
that the cell can no longer divide successfully, and the cell dies.
(affects DNA, developing tumors, etc)
accumulated damage
DNA damage, waste buildup, ree radicals -
free radicals
unstable atoms; they're not paired with an electron so they steal electrons; creating more
instability, leading to a buildup of cellular damage. (UV Rays)
Sex
women live longer than men. Men have a higher rate of disease compared to women (due to
behavior)
LESS LIKELY
men are _____ ______ to seek preventative medical care compared to women.
Race
reasons are not clear for disparities
- may involve genetic, cultural, or socioeconomic status.
family history
some diseases are clearly heritable (huntington's)
- lifestyle and environment are also associated with family history (early life environment is
determined by family members, Behaviors can be influenced by genetics & environment)
prevention
