BIOCHEM ACS/FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW 2025
What is biochemistry? - ANSWER - >Understanding
biology on a chemical level (molecular and
macromolecular level)
What is organic chemistry? - ANSWER - >The study of the
compounds of carbon
What is a functional group? - ANSWER - >An atom or a
grouping or atoms that exhibit characteristic physical and
chemical properties
What does the Big Bang Theory suggest matter was like
before the Big Bang? - ANSWER - >All matter was
confined in a infinitesimally small space
What temperature did the expanding of the Big Bang
reach? - ANSWER - >It exploded reaching a temperature
of ~15x109 K
What does the Big Bang purport the universe ahs been
doing since the Big Bang? - ANSWER - >Expanding and
cooling since
,What do scientists believe were the first 3 elements to
exist after the Big Bang? - ANSWER - >H, He, Li
Why do scientists believe H, He, and Li were the first
elements to exist after the Big Bang? - ANSWER -
>Smallest
What is the Kalam Cosmological Argument? - ANSWER -
>• All things that begin to exist must have a cause
• The universe began to exist
• Conclusion: The universe has a cause
What are the 5 biomolecules? - ANSWER - >Amino acids
Nucleotides
Monosaccharides
Glycerol
Fatty acids
What molecules do scientists believe were around in the
beginning? - ANSWER - >NH3, H2S, CO, CO2, CH4, N2, H2,
H2O
What did the Miller-Urey experiment claim to
demonstrate? - ANSWER - >made amino acids and
,nucleic acids under abiotic (nonliving) conditions from
reactions of simple compounds
What was wrong with the conclusions of the Miller-Urey
experiemnt? - ANSWER - >• Generated a few amino
acids, and even fewer nucleotides
• All these reactions were inefficient
• Made barely detectable quantities
• Did not make all biomolecules correctly
• Product: Random chains of monomers
• Chance does not produce enough monomers
• Lightning is not consistent in strength
• Still need to produce the right polymer
What polymers are made from the 5 biomolecules? -
ANSWER - >• Amino acids → proteins
• Nucleotides → nucleic acids
• Monosaccharides → polysaccharides
• Glycerol and 3 fatty acids → lipids
What's the central dogma? - ANSWER - >DNA-
transcription-RNA-translation-protein
What is the problem of the origin of nucleic acids and
proteins? - ANSWER - >• Proteins replicate nucleic acids
• Proteins are involved in translating nucleic acids
, • Nucleic acids are essential to code for proteins
What are the ideas for how to remedy the nucleic acid
and protein origin problem? - ANSWER - >Double Origin
Hypothesis
RNA World Hypothesis
What is the Double Origin Hypothesis? - ANSWER - >•
Required making both a RNA and protein molecule by
chance
• The RNA coded for the protein, and the protein copied
the RNA
• Odds were terrible...
What's the problem with the Double Origin Hypothesis? -
ANSWER - >Terrible, almost impossible, odds
What is the RNA World Hypothesis? - ANSWER - >•
Certain types of RNA have catalytic activity
• Theoretically possible they could replicate themselves
• RNA is now considered by many scientists to have been
the original coding material
• It serves this function in some viruses
• An RNA that could copy itself was the first system
SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW 2025
What is biochemistry? - ANSWER - >Understanding
biology on a chemical level (molecular and
macromolecular level)
What is organic chemistry? - ANSWER - >The study of the
compounds of carbon
What is a functional group? - ANSWER - >An atom or a
grouping or atoms that exhibit characteristic physical and
chemical properties
What does the Big Bang Theory suggest matter was like
before the Big Bang? - ANSWER - >All matter was
confined in a infinitesimally small space
What temperature did the expanding of the Big Bang
reach? - ANSWER - >It exploded reaching a temperature
of ~15x109 K
What does the Big Bang purport the universe ahs been
doing since the Big Bang? - ANSWER - >Expanding and
cooling since
,What do scientists believe were the first 3 elements to
exist after the Big Bang? - ANSWER - >H, He, Li
Why do scientists believe H, He, and Li were the first
elements to exist after the Big Bang? - ANSWER -
>Smallest
What is the Kalam Cosmological Argument? - ANSWER -
>• All things that begin to exist must have a cause
• The universe began to exist
• Conclusion: The universe has a cause
What are the 5 biomolecules? - ANSWER - >Amino acids
Nucleotides
Monosaccharides
Glycerol
Fatty acids
What molecules do scientists believe were around in the
beginning? - ANSWER - >NH3, H2S, CO, CO2, CH4, N2, H2,
H2O
What did the Miller-Urey experiment claim to
demonstrate? - ANSWER - >made amino acids and
,nucleic acids under abiotic (nonliving) conditions from
reactions of simple compounds
What was wrong with the conclusions of the Miller-Urey
experiemnt? - ANSWER - >• Generated a few amino
acids, and even fewer nucleotides
• All these reactions were inefficient
• Made barely detectable quantities
• Did not make all biomolecules correctly
• Product: Random chains of monomers
• Chance does not produce enough monomers
• Lightning is not consistent in strength
• Still need to produce the right polymer
What polymers are made from the 5 biomolecules? -
ANSWER - >• Amino acids → proteins
• Nucleotides → nucleic acids
• Monosaccharides → polysaccharides
• Glycerol and 3 fatty acids → lipids
What's the central dogma? - ANSWER - >DNA-
transcription-RNA-translation-protein
What is the problem of the origin of nucleic acids and
proteins? - ANSWER - >• Proteins replicate nucleic acids
• Proteins are involved in translating nucleic acids
, • Nucleic acids are essential to code for proteins
What are the ideas for how to remedy the nucleic acid
and protein origin problem? - ANSWER - >Double Origin
Hypothesis
RNA World Hypothesis
What is the Double Origin Hypothesis? - ANSWER - >•
Required making both a RNA and protein molecule by
chance
• The RNA coded for the protein, and the protein copied
the RNA
• Odds were terrible...
What's the problem with the Double Origin Hypothesis? -
ANSWER - >Terrible, almost impossible, odds
What is the RNA World Hypothesis? - ANSWER - >•
Certain types of RNA have catalytic activity
• Theoretically possible they could replicate themselves
• RNA is now considered by many scientists to have been
the original coding material
• It serves this function in some viruses
• An RNA that could copy itself was the first system
