PSE 322 FINAL EVALUATION QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
2025 GRADED A+
✔✔A typical branched polymer has what kind of structure?
a. Chains of polymer starting in the middle of other chains
b. All of the relatively long chains are linked together by crosslinks.
c. Groups of one kind of monomer, followed by groups of another kind of monomer
d. Each successive monomer group is different from the previous one. - ✔✔a. Chains of
polymer starting in the middle of other chains
✔✔What factor is important to start the chain reaction to create acrylamide polymer and
copolymers?
a. Acidic conditions
b. Free radicals
c. Alkaline conditions
d. Amide synthase enzyme - ✔✔b. Free radicals
✔✔What is another formal name for a free-radical polymerization, as in the preparation
of an acrylamide copolymer?
a. Addition polymerization
b. Condensation polymerization
c. Coupling polymerization
d. Acrylamido polymerization - ✔✔a. Addition polymerization
✔✔A certain TiO2 sample had a positive zeta potential up to a pH of about 4. Why did it
have favorable retention on untreated cellulosic fibers at pH=3?
a. Hydrophobicity of the TiO2 at that pH
b. Hydrogen bonding
c. Positive zeta potential of the cellulose surfaces
d. Attraction of opposite net charges - ✔✔d. Attraction of opposite net charges
✔✔What type of Z-directional fines and filler distribution results as a consequence of the
washing action of hydrofoils on a fast Fourdrinier paper machine?
a. Higher proportion of fines and filler at the very top (felt) side of the paper
b. Higher proportion of fines and fillers near to the wire size of the paper
c. Depletion of fines and fillers near to the felt side of the paper
d. Depletion of fines and fillers near to the wire side of the paper - ✔✔d. Depletion of
fines and fillers near to the wire side of the paper
,✔✔For anionic polyacrylamide to be effective as a retention aid, which of the following
needs to have happened?
a. Addition of a microparticle such as montmorillonite
b. Removal of air from the thin stock
c. Increasing the pH of the stock above about 8
d. Addition of a cationic agent to the furnish - ✔✔d. Addition of a cationic agent to the
furnish
✔✔How many covalent bonds with carbon atoms are attached to the nitrogen atom of a
SECONDARY amine? - ✔✔Two
✔✔The "degree of polymerization" of a polymer means what?
a. Mass of one mole of the polymer
b. Molecular mass of the polymer
c. How many atoms in the polymer
d. How many monomer units in the polymer - ✔✔d. How many monomer units in the
polymer
✔✔If the pH of an untreated suspension of cellulosic matter is decreased from neutral
pH (about seven) to acidic pH (about five), what will happen to the zeta potential?
a. It will become less negative
b. It will stay the same
c. It will become more positive
d. It will become positive (change of sign) - ✔✔a. It will become less negative
✔✔What is another formal name for a free-radical polymerization, as in the preparation
of an acrylamide copolymer?
a. Acrylamido polymerization
b. Coupling polymerization
c. Addition polymerization
d. Condensation polymerization - ✔✔c. Addition polymerization
✔✔What mechanism accounts for the fines distribution from a large Fourdrinier paper
machine?
a. Washing of fines from the wire side of the sheet
b. The filtration mechanism of sheet formation
c. The thickening mechanism of sheet formation
d. Plugging of drainage channels in the wet web by fines - ✔✔a. Washing of fines from
the wire side of the sheet
, ✔✔Application of an effective retention aid system can make the paper more uniform
with respect to what?
a. Uniformity of formation in the plane of the sheet
b. Formation of a dense layer at the felt side
c. The alignment of fibers in the machine direction
d. Distribution of fine particles in the Z direction - ✔✔d. Distribution of fine particles in
the Z direction
✔✔If a polymer contains only primary, secondary, and tertiary amine groups, what
parameter controls the degree to which it expresses a positive charge?
a. The magnitude of hydrodynamic shear
b. The pH
c. The density of cross-links
d. The presence of cellulose surfaces - ✔✔b. The pH
✔✔For a typical polymer, having a broad distribution of molecular mass, which of the
following is correct?
a. Z-average molecular mass > weight average > number average
b. Weight-average molecular mass > Z-average > number average
c. Number-average molecular mass > weight average > Z-average
d. Weight-average molecular mass > number average > Z-average - ✔✔a. Z-average
molecular mass > weight average > number average
✔✔What is the most common device used to collect fines from the excess white water
leaving the primary circuit of flow in a paper machine system?
a. Disc save-all
b. Strainer
c. Pressure screen
d. Deculator - ✔✔a. Disc save-all
✔✔What can be calculated from the consistency of headbox stock and the consistency
of white water?
a. Production rate
b. Drainage rate
c. Yield of solids on the paper machine
d. First-pass retention - ✔✔d. First-pass retention
✔✔Which of the following occurrences will tend to increase the efficiency of the sieving
mechanism of retaining mineral fillers during paper formation?
2025 GRADED A+
✔✔A typical branched polymer has what kind of structure?
a. Chains of polymer starting in the middle of other chains
b. All of the relatively long chains are linked together by crosslinks.
c. Groups of one kind of monomer, followed by groups of another kind of monomer
d. Each successive monomer group is different from the previous one. - ✔✔a. Chains of
polymer starting in the middle of other chains
✔✔What factor is important to start the chain reaction to create acrylamide polymer and
copolymers?
a. Acidic conditions
b. Free radicals
c. Alkaline conditions
d. Amide synthase enzyme - ✔✔b. Free radicals
✔✔What is another formal name for a free-radical polymerization, as in the preparation
of an acrylamide copolymer?
a. Addition polymerization
b. Condensation polymerization
c. Coupling polymerization
d. Acrylamido polymerization - ✔✔a. Addition polymerization
✔✔A certain TiO2 sample had a positive zeta potential up to a pH of about 4. Why did it
have favorable retention on untreated cellulosic fibers at pH=3?
a. Hydrophobicity of the TiO2 at that pH
b. Hydrogen bonding
c. Positive zeta potential of the cellulose surfaces
d. Attraction of opposite net charges - ✔✔d. Attraction of opposite net charges
✔✔What type of Z-directional fines and filler distribution results as a consequence of the
washing action of hydrofoils on a fast Fourdrinier paper machine?
a. Higher proportion of fines and filler at the very top (felt) side of the paper
b. Higher proportion of fines and fillers near to the wire size of the paper
c. Depletion of fines and fillers near to the felt side of the paper
d. Depletion of fines and fillers near to the wire side of the paper - ✔✔d. Depletion of
fines and fillers near to the wire side of the paper
,✔✔For anionic polyacrylamide to be effective as a retention aid, which of the following
needs to have happened?
a. Addition of a microparticle such as montmorillonite
b. Removal of air from the thin stock
c. Increasing the pH of the stock above about 8
d. Addition of a cationic agent to the furnish - ✔✔d. Addition of a cationic agent to the
furnish
✔✔How many covalent bonds with carbon atoms are attached to the nitrogen atom of a
SECONDARY amine? - ✔✔Two
✔✔The "degree of polymerization" of a polymer means what?
a. Mass of one mole of the polymer
b. Molecular mass of the polymer
c. How many atoms in the polymer
d. How many monomer units in the polymer - ✔✔d. How many monomer units in the
polymer
✔✔If the pH of an untreated suspension of cellulosic matter is decreased from neutral
pH (about seven) to acidic pH (about five), what will happen to the zeta potential?
a. It will become less negative
b. It will stay the same
c. It will become more positive
d. It will become positive (change of sign) - ✔✔a. It will become less negative
✔✔What is another formal name for a free-radical polymerization, as in the preparation
of an acrylamide copolymer?
a. Acrylamido polymerization
b. Coupling polymerization
c. Addition polymerization
d. Condensation polymerization - ✔✔c. Addition polymerization
✔✔What mechanism accounts for the fines distribution from a large Fourdrinier paper
machine?
a. Washing of fines from the wire side of the sheet
b. The filtration mechanism of sheet formation
c. The thickening mechanism of sheet formation
d. Plugging of drainage channels in the wet web by fines - ✔✔a. Washing of fines from
the wire side of the sheet
, ✔✔Application of an effective retention aid system can make the paper more uniform
with respect to what?
a. Uniformity of formation in the plane of the sheet
b. Formation of a dense layer at the felt side
c. The alignment of fibers in the machine direction
d. Distribution of fine particles in the Z direction - ✔✔d. Distribution of fine particles in
the Z direction
✔✔If a polymer contains only primary, secondary, and tertiary amine groups, what
parameter controls the degree to which it expresses a positive charge?
a. The magnitude of hydrodynamic shear
b. The pH
c. The density of cross-links
d. The presence of cellulose surfaces - ✔✔b. The pH
✔✔For a typical polymer, having a broad distribution of molecular mass, which of the
following is correct?
a. Z-average molecular mass > weight average > number average
b. Weight-average molecular mass > Z-average > number average
c. Number-average molecular mass > weight average > Z-average
d. Weight-average molecular mass > number average > Z-average - ✔✔a. Z-average
molecular mass > weight average > number average
✔✔What is the most common device used to collect fines from the excess white water
leaving the primary circuit of flow in a paper machine system?
a. Disc save-all
b. Strainer
c. Pressure screen
d. Deculator - ✔✔a. Disc save-all
✔✔What can be calculated from the consistency of headbox stock and the consistency
of white water?
a. Production rate
b. Drainage rate
c. Yield of solids on the paper machine
d. First-pass retention - ✔✔d. First-pass retention
✔✔Which of the following occurrences will tend to increase the efficiency of the sieving
mechanism of retaining mineral fillers during paper formation?
