CMSRN 3
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is synthesized in the:
A. Hypothalamus
B. Pituitary gland
C. Pineal gland
D. Thalamus - Answer-A. Hypothalamus
Antidiuretic hormone is an example of a neuroendocrine hormone; it has components of both the
endocrine and the nervous system. It is synthesized in the hypothalamus and travels along axons that
terminate adjacent to capillaries in the posterior pituitary.
The physician has ordered chlorpropamide (Diabinese) to treat a patient with central diabetes insipidus.
The nurse is aware:
A. Contraindications include heart disease and renal insufficiency
B. Usual dosing in diabetes insipidus is 100 mg daily
C. This medication is an oral hypoglycemic
D. This medication suppresses the release of vasopressin - Answer-C. This medication is an oral
hypoglycemic
Chlorpropamide is an oral hypoglycemic (first generation sulfonylurea). It lowers blood glucose levels by
enhancing pancreatic beta-cell insulin secretion (primary use). It also potentiates the action (not
suppresses the release) of small or residual amounts of circulating vasopressin (ADH), making it useful in
, treating diabetes insipidus (hyposecretion of ADH). Usual dosing in diabetes insipidus is 125-500 mg
daily.
Contraindications include liver disease (not heart disease) and renal insufficiency.
In patients with diabetes mellitus who have normal renal function, protein intake should be:
A. 30%-35% of daily caloric intake
B. 20%-25% of daily caloric intake
C. 15%-20% of daily caloric intake
D. 5%-10% of daily caloric intake - Answer-C. 15%-20% of daily caloric intake
In patients with diabetes mellitus, who have normal renal function, there is little evidence to suggest
that usual protein intake (15-20% of daily caloric intake) should be modified. With evidence of
neuropathy, it may be necessary to restrict protein to the adult.
You are caring for a patient with Type 2 diabetes mellitus who has been prescribed glipizide (Glucotrol),
an oral antidiabetic agent, for trouble controlling blood glucose levels through diet and exercise alone.
Which medication instruction should you provide to the patient?
A. "After you start taking glipizide, you won't need to check your blood glucose levels anymore."
B. "Take glipizide after meals to prevent heartburn."
C. "Glipizide may cause a low serum sodium level, so be sure to have your sodium level checked
monthly."
D. "Be sure to take glipizide 30 minutes before meals." - Answer-D. "Be sure to take glipizide 30 minutes
before meals."
The patient should be instructed to take glipizide twice a day, 30 minutes before a meal because food
decreases its absorption.
All of the following statements related to carbohydrate intake in the diabetic patient are true except:
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is synthesized in the:
A. Hypothalamus
B. Pituitary gland
C. Pineal gland
D. Thalamus - Answer-A. Hypothalamus
Antidiuretic hormone is an example of a neuroendocrine hormone; it has components of both the
endocrine and the nervous system. It is synthesized in the hypothalamus and travels along axons that
terminate adjacent to capillaries in the posterior pituitary.
The physician has ordered chlorpropamide (Diabinese) to treat a patient with central diabetes insipidus.
The nurse is aware:
A. Contraindications include heart disease and renal insufficiency
B. Usual dosing in diabetes insipidus is 100 mg daily
C. This medication is an oral hypoglycemic
D. This medication suppresses the release of vasopressin - Answer-C. This medication is an oral
hypoglycemic
Chlorpropamide is an oral hypoglycemic (first generation sulfonylurea). It lowers blood glucose levels by
enhancing pancreatic beta-cell insulin secretion (primary use). It also potentiates the action (not
suppresses the release) of small or residual amounts of circulating vasopressin (ADH), making it useful in
, treating diabetes insipidus (hyposecretion of ADH). Usual dosing in diabetes insipidus is 125-500 mg
daily.
Contraindications include liver disease (not heart disease) and renal insufficiency.
In patients with diabetes mellitus who have normal renal function, protein intake should be:
A. 30%-35% of daily caloric intake
B. 20%-25% of daily caloric intake
C. 15%-20% of daily caloric intake
D. 5%-10% of daily caloric intake - Answer-C. 15%-20% of daily caloric intake
In patients with diabetes mellitus, who have normal renal function, there is little evidence to suggest
that usual protein intake (15-20% of daily caloric intake) should be modified. With evidence of
neuropathy, it may be necessary to restrict protein to the adult.
You are caring for a patient with Type 2 diabetes mellitus who has been prescribed glipizide (Glucotrol),
an oral antidiabetic agent, for trouble controlling blood glucose levels through diet and exercise alone.
Which medication instruction should you provide to the patient?
A. "After you start taking glipizide, you won't need to check your blood glucose levels anymore."
B. "Take glipizide after meals to prevent heartburn."
C. "Glipizide may cause a low serum sodium level, so be sure to have your sodium level checked
monthly."
D. "Be sure to take glipizide 30 minutes before meals." - Answer-D. "Be sure to take glipizide 30 minutes
before meals."
The patient should be instructed to take glipizide twice a day, 30 minutes before a meal because food
decreases its absorption.
All of the following statements related to carbohydrate intake in the diabetic patient are true except:
