WGU D169 - STUDY GUIDE,
ESSENTIAL PRACTICES FOR
SUPPORTING DIVERSE LEARNERS -
D169 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
After a student is identified as a potential EL, how are placement or screener tests used for further
evaluation? (p. 12, Essential Reading 2) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-ELP tests must assess the
proficiency of students in all four language domains (i.e., speaking, listening, reading, and writing).
After the student completes the assessment, parents or guardians must receive in a timely manner
information about the student's ELP level and program options, and an opportunity to opt out of the
EL program or particular EL services in the program.
What is the purpose of Title III of the Every Student Succeeds Act or ESSA (2015) as it relates to the
education for ELs. (p. 12, Essential Reading 2, Page 35) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-PRIMARY PURPOSE
IS FUNDING AND IDENTIFICATION OF EL LEARNERS
to determine whether students are eligible for English language instruction services
If a student is identified as EL and is diagnosed with a disability but the parent declines disability-
related services, what is the school still required to provide? (p. 14, Essential Reading 1, Page 2)
✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-Should parents decline disability-related services under IDEA and Section
504, the SEA and LEA remain obligated to provide appropriate language assistance services to ELs.
If a student is identified as EL and is diagnosed with a disability but the parent opts out of the EL
programs and services, what is the school still required to provide? (p. 14, Essential Reading 1, Page
2) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-If parents opt out of specific EL programs and services, but have
consented to the provision of disability related services, the LEA remains obligated to provide such
services as required in the IEP or Section 504 plan, and to conduct ELP monitoring and/or provide
language assistance as appropriate (FAPE)
What does the term English learner (EL) mean?
What are some other terms used to refer to these students? ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-term used to
identify students whose first language is not English
ELL, ESOL, ESL, LEP
,Federal law requires that parents be notified their child has been identified as an English learner
within what time period? (p. 12, Essential Reading 1) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-parents must be
notified that their child has been identified as an English learner within 30 days of the beginning of
the school year, and within 2 weeks for students that enroll during any other time during the school
year
Describe one screening tool commonly used as the first step to identify English learners. What is it
called? Who completes it? What are some of the questions it includes? (p. 12, Essential Reading 1)
✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-HOME LANGUAGE SURVEY is completed by the parents. Questions include
What language did your child first understand or speak? What language do you or others use most
often when speaking with your child? What language does your child use most often when speaking
at home? What language does your child use most often when speaking with other family members?
What language does your child use most often when speaking with friends?
What are some ways we can overcome the overidentification and under-identification of ELs in
special education? (p. 14, Essential Video) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-Be culturally and linguistically
responsive. Consider native literacy and language. Need more supports and services to address their
language needs. Other factors including cultural bias, teacher misunderstanding of child
development across cultures, and lack of teacher understanding of the second-language acquisition
process
Describe the 6 key principles for teaching ELs. (p. 16, Essential Reading 1) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-a.
Instruction focuses on providing ELs with opportunities to engage in discipline-specific practices,
which are designed to build conceptual understanding and language competence in tandem
b. Instruction leverages ELs' home language(s), cultural assets, and prior knowledge
c. Standards-aligned instruction for ELs is rigorous, grade-level appropriate, and provides deliberate
and appropriate scaffolds
d. Instruction moves ELs forward by taking into account their English proficiency level(s) and prior
schooling experiences.
e. Instruction fosters ELs' autonomy by equipping them with the strategies necessary to comprehend
and use language in a variety of academic settings
f. Diagnostic tools and formative assessment practices are employed to measure students' content
knowledge, academic language competence, and participation in disciplinary practices.
1. List the important components of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). (p. 18,
Essential Reading 1) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-a. Legal rights for people with disabilities
b. An Individualized Education Program (IEP) for eligible K-12 students
c. Special education and related services to meet a student's unique needs
,d. Accommodations (like audiobooks or extra time) for K-12 students
e. A requirement that public schools find and evaluate — at no cost to families — kids who may have
a disability
f. Education funding for schools
g. A free appropriate public education (FAPE) in the least restrictive environment (LRE) for students
h. Procedural safeguards that protect families' rights (like access to school records)
i. Due process (or an impartial hearing) for resolving disputes between families and schools
1. List the important components of Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. (p. 18, Essential Reading
1) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-a. Legal rights for people with disabilities
b. A 504 plan for eligible K-12 students
c. Accommodations (like audiobooks or extra time) for K-12 students
d. Accommodations for college students
e. A free appropriate public education (FAPE) in the least restrictive environment (LRE) for students
f. Procedural safeguards that protect families' rights (like access to school records)
g. Due process (or an impartial hearing) for resolving disputes between families and schools
h. Freedom from discrimination at private schools (including colleges and universities) that get
federal funding
1. List the important components of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). (p. 18, Essential
Reading 1) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-a. Legal rights for people with disabilities
b. Reasonable accommodations in workplaces (with 15 or more employees)
c. Freedom from discrimination at private schools (including colleges and universities) that get
federal funding
d. Freedom from discrimination in workplaces (with 15 or more employees)
e. Access to places that offer goods and services to the public, like restaurants and websites
Explain the term "Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)". (p. 18, Essential Reading 2) ✅✅ CORRECT
ANSW-LRE requires that students with disabilities be educated with their chronologically aged peers
to the greatest extent possible, and that typically means in the general education classroom. Under
LRE, students with disabilities who are in general education classrooms are provided with supports
and services that meet their needs as much as possible. Students with disabilities are to participate
fully, both academically and socially. In addition, the general education teacher is expected to
differentiate the methods used to provide services so all students benefit from instruction. Students
, with disabilities are to be educated in the general education classroom until all available methods to
meet their needs in this environment are tried and deemed unsuccessful.
Who is covered by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). (p. 18, Essential Reading 3) ✅✅
CORRECT ANSW-People of all ages who have a physical or mental disability that substantially limits a
major life activity.
Who is covered by Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. (p. 18, Essential Reading 4) ✅✅
CORRECT ANSW-Students of all ages who have a physical or mental disability that substantially limits
a major life activity. That can include reading, learning, and concentrating
Who is covered by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). (p. 18, Essential Reading 5)
✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-Kids from birth through high school (or age 21). But a child must have a
disability in one of 13 categories in the law and need special education to make progress in school.
Not all kids who struggle in school will qualify.
What are 4 common LRE scenarios? (p. 21, Essential Reading 1) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-a. General
education classroom with support
b. Partial mainstream/inclusion classroom
c. Special education class
d. Specialized program outside of the school district
Describe the term "Manifestation Determination" as it relates to behaviors of students with IEPs or
504 Plans. (p. 22, Essential Reading 1) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-A manifestation determination is
when the IEP team looks at whether a child's disability, which can include learning and thinking
differences, causes or directly contributes to misbehavior. In other words, is the behavior a
"manifestation," or symptom, of the child's learning and thinking differences? If so, more
protections apply.
What are the 3 possible results of a manifestation determination? (p. 22, Essential Reading 1)
✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-a. Yes, the misbehavior was caused by the child's disability
b. Yes, the misbehavior happened because some aspect of the IEP wasn't followed
c. No, the behavior wasn't caused by the child's disability
What are the 13 specific categories of disabilities identified by IDEA? (p. 27, Essential Reading 1)
✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-1) Autism Spectrum Disorder
ESSENTIAL PRACTICES FOR
SUPPORTING DIVERSE LEARNERS -
D169 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
After a student is identified as a potential EL, how are placement or screener tests used for further
evaluation? (p. 12, Essential Reading 2) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-ELP tests must assess the
proficiency of students in all four language domains (i.e., speaking, listening, reading, and writing).
After the student completes the assessment, parents or guardians must receive in a timely manner
information about the student's ELP level and program options, and an opportunity to opt out of the
EL program or particular EL services in the program.
What is the purpose of Title III of the Every Student Succeeds Act or ESSA (2015) as it relates to the
education for ELs. (p. 12, Essential Reading 2, Page 35) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-PRIMARY PURPOSE
IS FUNDING AND IDENTIFICATION OF EL LEARNERS
to determine whether students are eligible for English language instruction services
If a student is identified as EL and is diagnosed with a disability but the parent declines disability-
related services, what is the school still required to provide? (p. 14, Essential Reading 1, Page 2)
✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-Should parents decline disability-related services under IDEA and Section
504, the SEA and LEA remain obligated to provide appropriate language assistance services to ELs.
If a student is identified as EL and is diagnosed with a disability but the parent opts out of the EL
programs and services, what is the school still required to provide? (p. 14, Essential Reading 1, Page
2) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-If parents opt out of specific EL programs and services, but have
consented to the provision of disability related services, the LEA remains obligated to provide such
services as required in the IEP or Section 504 plan, and to conduct ELP monitoring and/or provide
language assistance as appropriate (FAPE)
What does the term English learner (EL) mean?
What are some other terms used to refer to these students? ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-term used to
identify students whose first language is not English
ELL, ESOL, ESL, LEP
,Federal law requires that parents be notified their child has been identified as an English learner
within what time period? (p. 12, Essential Reading 1) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-parents must be
notified that their child has been identified as an English learner within 30 days of the beginning of
the school year, and within 2 weeks for students that enroll during any other time during the school
year
Describe one screening tool commonly used as the first step to identify English learners. What is it
called? Who completes it? What are some of the questions it includes? (p. 12, Essential Reading 1)
✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-HOME LANGUAGE SURVEY is completed by the parents. Questions include
What language did your child first understand or speak? What language do you or others use most
often when speaking with your child? What language does your child use most often when speaking
at home? What language does your child use most often when speaking with other family members?
What language does your child use most often when speaking with friends?
What are some ways we can overcome the overidentification and under-identification of ELs in
special education? (p. 14, Essential Video) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-Be culturally and linguistically
responsive. Consider native literacy and language. Need more supports and services to address their
language needs. Other factors including cultural bias, teacher misunderstanding of child
development across cultures, and lack of teacher understanding of the second-language acquisition
process
Describe the 6 key principles for teaching ELs. (p. 16, Essential Reading 1) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-a.
Instruction focuses on providing ELs with opportunities to engage in discipline-specific practices,
which are designed to build conceptual understanding and language competence in tandem
b. Instruction leverages ELs' home language(s), cultural assets, and prior knowledge
c. Standards-aligned instruction for ELs is rigorous, grade-level appropriate, and provides deliberate
and appropriate scaffolds
d. Instruction moves ELs forward by taking into account their English proficiency level(s) and prior
schooling experiences.
e. Instruction fosters ELs' autonomy by equipping them with the strategies necessary to comprehend
and use language in a variety of academic settings
f. Diagnostic tools and formative assessment practices are employed to measure students' content
knowledge, academic language competence, and participation in disciplinary practices.
1. List the important components of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). (p. 18,
Essential Reading 1) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-a. Legal rights for people with disabilities
b. An Individualized Education Program (IEP) for eligible K-12 students
c. Special education and related services to meet a student's unique needs
,d. Accommodations (like audiobooks or extra time) for K-12 students
e. A requirement that public schools find and evaluate — at no cost to families — kids who may have
a disability
f. Education funding for schools
g. A free appropriate public education (FAPE) in the least restrictive environment (LRE) for students
h. Procedural safeguards that protect families' rights (like access to school records)
i. Due process (or an impartial hearing) for resolving disputes between families and schools
1. List the important components of Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. (p. 18, Essential Reading
1) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-a. Legal rights for people with disabilities
b. A 504 plan for eligible K-12 students
c. Accommodations (like audiobooks or extra time) for K-12 students
d. Accommodations for college students
e. A free appropriate public education (FAPE) in the least restrictive environment (LRE) for students
f. Procedural safeguards that protect families' rights (like access to school records)
g. Due process (or an impartial hearing) for resolving disputes between families and schools
h. Freedom from discrimination at private schools (including colleges and universities) that get
federal funding
1. List the important components of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). (p. 18, Essential
Reading 1) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-a. Legal rights for people with disabilities
b. Reasonable accommodations in workplaces (with 15 or more employees)
c. Freedom from discrimination at private schools (including colleges and universities) that get
federal funding
d. Freedom from discrimination in workplaces (with 15 or more employees)
e. Access to places that offer goods and services to the public, like restaurants and websites
Explain the term "Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)". (p. 18, Essential Reading 2) ✅✅ CORRECT
ANSW-LRE requires that students with disabilities be educated with their chronologically aged peers
to the greatest extent possible, and that typically means in the general education classroom. Under
LRE, students with disabilities who are in general education classrooms are provided with supports
and services that meet their needs as much as possible. Students with disabilities are to participate
fully, both academically and socially. In addition, the general education teacher is expected to
differentiate the methods used to provide services so all students benefit from instruction. Students
, with disabilities are to be educated in the general education classroom until all available methods to
meet their needs in this environment are tried and deemed unsuccessful.
Who is covered by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). (p. 18, Essential Reading 3) ✅✅
CORRECT ANSW-People of all ages who have a physical or mental disability that substantially limits a
major life activity.
Who is covered by Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. (p. 18, Essential Reading 4) ✅✅
CORRECT ANSW-Students of all ages who have a physical or mental disability that substantially limits
a major life activity. That can include reading, learning, and concentrating
Who is covered by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). (p. 18, Essential Reading 5)
✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-Kids from birth through high school (or age 21). But a child must have a
disability in one of 13 categories in the law and need special education to make progress in school.
Not all kids who struggle in school will qualify.
What are 4 common LRE scenarios? (p. 21, Essential Reading 1) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-a. General
education classroom with support
b. Partial mainstream/inclusion classroom
c. Special education class
d. Specialized program outside of the school district
Describe the term "Manifestation Determination" as it relates to behaviors of students with IEPs or
504 Plans. (p. 22, Essential Reading 1) ✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-A manifestation determination is
when the IEP team looks at whether a child's disability, which can include learning and thinking
differences, causes or directly contributes to misbehavior. In other words, is the behavior a
"manifestation," or symptom, of the child's learning and thinking differences? If so, more
protections apply.
What are the 3 possible results of a manifestation determination? (p. 22, Essential Reading 1)
✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-a. Yes, the misbehavior was caused by the child's disability
b. Yes, the misbehavior happened because some aspect of the IEP wasn't followed
c. No, the behavior wasn't caused by the child's disability
What are the 13 specific categories of disabilities identified by IDEA? (p. 27, Essential Reading 1)
✅✅ CORRECT ANSW-1) Autism Spectrum Disorder
