PHCLE Study Guide with 100% Correct Solutions
4 types of organizational structures - ANSWER functional, divisional, matrix, flat
functional organizational structure - ANSWER "bureaucratic" - departments such as HR,
communications, marketing, sales, etc.
+ allows EEs to master roles, supports specialization
- creates silos, decision-making authority held by one or few
divisional organizational structure - ANSWER typical of large corporations (like Johnson
& Johnson for each product)
+ versatile and specialized
- siloed, various parties with decision-making authority
matrix organizational structure - ANSWER combination of functional and divisional
+ flexible and responsive, encourages collaboration
- complex and difficult to manage; teams may be inconsistent
flat organizational structure - ANSWER no hierarchy or primary decision-maker,
large amount of autonomy for each EE, very collaborative
+ trust, reduced stress, resolve issues
quickly - conflicts difficult to resolve
centralized authority - ANSWER one leader (or small group of leaders) serves as
primary decision-making body; typical of functional or divisional structures
*goal of specializing roles
,decentralized authority - ANSWER each division/EE has high degree of autonomy
to make decisions independently; typical of matrix and flat structures
*goal of collaboration / tight-knit
resource stewardship - ANSWER the careful and responsible management of
the wellbeing of the population; the very essence of good government
5 types of resources - ANSWER human resources,
financial/monetary resources,
physical resources;
intellectual resources;
digital resources
most valuable resource - ANSWER human resources
most important resource - ANSWER financial/monetary resource
why is stewardship important? - ANSWER promote sustainability, support organizational
improvement, maintain a focus on priority areas, decrease waste, enhance ROI, increase
customer satisfaction
what should resource stewardship align with? - ANSWER organization's
value proposition
resource allocation stems out of what two areas? - ANSWER organizational
strategy (vision, mission, values, goals) &
organization's value proposition
, organization's value proposition (OVP) - ANSWER "company's promise to customers";
how it is unique, what it stands for, why people want to be part of it; should govern
resource allocation
organizational strategy - ANSWER vision, mission, values, goals
types of budgeting (6) - ANSWER line-item budgeting,
performance budgeting,
program budgeting,
zero-based budgeting,
site-based budgeting,
outcome-focused budgeting
line-item budgeting - ANSWER groups items by departments to show which areas are
utilizing most of the organization's funds
performance budgeting - ANSWER reflects relationship between input of resources
and output of results
program budgeting - ANSWER "big picture" approach; grouping of resources for
specific program or event
zero-based budgeting - ANSWER activities/services developed from scratch each
year, not based on previous year's budget
site-based budgeting - ANSWER most practical approach to budgeting because it
allows greater control at school level
4 types of organizational structures - ANSWER functional, divisional, matrix, flat
functional organizational structure - ANSWER "bureaucratic" - departments such as HR,
communications, marketing, sales, etc.
+ allows EEs to master roles, supports specialization
- creates silos, decision-making authority held by one or few
divisional organizational structure - ANSWER typical of large corporations (like Johnson
& Johnson for each product)
+ versatile and specialized
- siloed, various parties with decision-making authority
matrix organizational structure - ANSWER combination of functional and divisional
+ flexible and responsive, encourages collaboration
- complex and difficult to manage; teams may be inconsistent
flat organizational structure - ANSWER no hierarchy or primary decision-maker,
large amount of autonomy for each EE, very collaborative
+ trust, reduced stress, resolve issues
quickly - conflicts difficult to resolve
centralized authority - ANSWER one leader (or small group of leaders) serves as
primary decision-making body; typical of functional or divisional structures
*goal of specializing roles
,decentralized authority - ANSWER each division/EE has high degree of autonomy
to make decisions independently; typical of matrix and flat structures
*goal of collaboration / tight-knit
resource stewardship - ANSWER the careful and responsible management of
the wellbeing of the population; the very essence of good government
5 types of resources - ANSWER human resources,
financial/monetary resources,
physical resources;
intellectual resources;
digital resources
most valuable resource - ANSWER human resources
most important resource - ANSWER financial/monetary resource
why is stewardship important? - ANSWER promote sustainability, support organizational
improvement, maintain a focus on priority areas, decrease waste, enhance ROI, increase
customer satisfaction
what should resource stewardship align with? - ANSWER organization's
value proposition
resource allocation stems out of what two areas? - ANSWER organizational
strategy (vision, mission, values, goals) &
organization's value proposition
, organization's value proposition (OVP) - ANSWER "company's promise to customers";
how it is unique, what it stands for, why people want to be part of it; should govern
resource allocation
organizational strategy - ANSWER vision, mission, values, goals
types of budgeting (6) - ANSWER line-item budgeting,
performance budgeting,
program budgeting,
zero-based budgeting,
site-based budgeting,
outcome-focused budgeting
line-item budgeting - ANSWER groups items by departments to show which areas are
utilizing most of the organization's funds
performance budgeting - ANSWER reflects relationship between input of resources
and output of results
program budgeting - ANSWER "big picture" approach; grouping of resources for
specific program or event
zero-based budgeting - ANSWER activities/services developed from scratch each
year, not based on previous year's budget
site-based budgeting - ANSWER most practical approach to budgeting because it
allows greater control at school level
