National Pilates Certification Exam
2025 – ANATOMY-Questions and
Answers
Synchondroses - ANSWER a joint in which the bones are united by hyaline cartilage
Symphesis - ANSWER Bones cover with hyaline cartilage that is fused to a middle
plate of fibrocartilage
Amphiarthroses
Synovial Joints - ANSWER freely movable joints. Ball and socket, hinge, saddle,
gliding, ellipsoid, pivot
Ball and socket joint - ANSWER shoulder and hip
Hinge Joint - ANSWER Joint between bones (as at the elbow or knee) that permits
motion in only one plane
Saddle Joint - ANSWER type of joint found at the base of each thumb; allows
grasping and rotation
Gliding (Plane) Joint - ANSWER nonaxial; occurs when two flat articulating bones
slide over one another in one plane motion
Ellipsoid (Condylar) Joint - ANSWER allows flexion, extension, abduction and
adduction (wrist joint, metacarpophalangeal joints)
,Pivot Joint - ANSWER rotating bone turns around an axis; i.e. connection
between radius/ulna and humerus
Axial Skeleton - ANSWER Skull, Vertebral Column, Thoracic Cage
Cranium - ANSWER skull
Fascial Bones - ANSWER
Vertebral Column - ANSWER cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar
vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx
Thoracic Cage - ANSWER Sternum & Ribs
Appendicular Skeleton - ANSWER Bones of the limbs and limb girdles that are
attached to the axial skeleton
Pectoral Girdle - ANSWER Clavicle & Scapulae
The Upper Limb - ANSWER humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
Pelvic Girdle - ANSWER ilium, ischium, pubis
The Lower Limb - ANSWER femur, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges
ASIS - ANSWER anterior superior iliac spine
, PSIS - ANSWER posterior superior iliac spine
Iliac Crest - ANSWER found on the top of the hip bone.
Ischial Tuberosities - ANSWER sit bones
Pubic Symphysis - ANSWER cartilaginous joint at which two pubic bones fuse together
spinous process - ANSWER sharp, slender projection
Greater Trochanter - ANSWER A bony prominence on the proximal lateral side of
the thigh, just below the hip joint.
Lesser Trochanter - ANSWER The projection on the medial/superior portion of the
femur.
Condyles - ANSWER rounded projection
Acromion - ANSWER Outward extension of the shoulder blade forming the point of
the shoulder.
Coracoid Process - ANSWER process above the glenoid cavity that permits muscle
attachment
Glenoid Fossa - ANSWER The part of the scapula that joins with the humeral head
to form the glenohumeral joint.
2025 – ANATOMY-Questions and
Answers
Synchondroses - ANSWER a joint in which the bones are united by hyaline cartilage
Symphesis - ANSWER Bones cover with hyaline cartilage that is fused to a middle
plate of fibrocartilage
Amphiarthroses
Synovial Joints - ANSWER freely movable joints. Ball and socket, hinge, saddle,
gliding, ellipsoid, pivot
Ball and socket joint - ANSWER shoulder and hip
Hinge Joint - ANSWER Joint between bones (as at the elbow or knee) that permits
motion in only one plane
Saddle Joint - ANSWER type of joint found at the base of each thumb; allows
grasping and rotation
Gliding (Plane) Joint - ANSWER nonaxial; occurs when two flat articulating bones
slide over one another in one plane motion
Ellipsoid (Condylar) Joint - ANSWER allows flexion, extension, abduction and
adduction (wrist joint, metacarpophalangeal joints)
,Pivot Joint - ANSWER rotating bone turns around an axis; i.e. connection
between radius/ulna and humerus
Axial Skeleton - ANSWER Skull, Vertebral Column, Thoracic Cage
Cranium - ANSWER skull
Fascial Bones - ANSWER
Vertebral Column - ANSWER cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar
vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx
Thoracic Cage - ANSWER Sternum & Ribs
Appendicular Skeleton - ANSWER Bones of the limbs and limb girdles that are
attached to the axial skeleton
Pectoral Girdle - ANSWER Clavicle & Scapulae
The Upper Limb - ANSWER humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
Pelvic Girdle - ANSWER ilium, ischium, pubis
The Lower Limb - ANSWER femur, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges
ASIS - ANSWER anterior superior iliac spine
, PSIS - ANSWER posterior superior iliac spine
Iliac Crest - ANSWER found on the top of the hip bone.
Ischial Tuberosities - ANSWER sit bones
Pubic Symphysis - ANSWER cartilaginous joint at which two pubic bones fuse together
spinous process - ANSWER sharp, slender projection
Greater Trochanter - ANSWER A bony prominence on the proximal lateral side of
the thigh, just below the hip joint.
Lesser Trochanter - ANSWER The projection on the medial/superior portion of the
femur.
Condyles - ANSWER rounded projection
Acromion - ANSWER Outward extension of the shoulder blade forming the point of
the shoulder.
Coracoid Process - ANSWER process above the glenoid cavity that permits muscle
attachment
Glenoid Fossa - ANSWER The part of the scapula that joins with the humeral head
to form the glenohumeral joint.
