NUR 210 exam 4
What is bacteriostatic? - Answer-inhibits bacterial growth
what is bactericidal? - Answer-kills bacteria
What is a broad spectrum antibiotic? - Answer-- able to control a variety of organisms (gram - or +)
- used when you cannot identify what the organism causing the disease is
- targets many bacteria ("shotgun approach)
when are broad spectrum antibiotics used? - Answer-when you do not know what organism is causing
the problem
What are narrow spectrum antibiotics? - Answer-- effective against few organisms (either Gram positive
OR Gram negative)
- used when you know which organism is causing the problems and which drug that it is sensitive to
- targets one organism ("bb gun approach)
When are narrow spectrum antibiotics used? - Answer-Whenever the bacteria causing the disease is
known
, what does selective toxicity mean? - Answer-toxic to a specific cell (bacteria/microorganism) while
sparing other normal cells
is bacterial resistance innate or acquired? - Answer-both- can be either
what is meant by bacterial resistance? - Answer-ability of an organism to survive against an
antimicrobial or to render the antimicrobial ineffective
What is a super infection? - Answer-when an infection arises in addition to one that is already present;
an infection that occurs because of treatment for a primary infection
what is meant by prophylactic antibiotic use? - Answer-antibiotics that are used to PREVENT infection
what are three surgical procedures that increase the risk for infection? what is often given with/after the
procedures to decrease the risk of infection? - Answer-1. orthopedic
2. cardiac
3. abdominal
prophylactic antibiotics given to reduce the risk of infection
why is there a risk for endocarditis with a patient who has an artificial valve, having dental surgery? -
Answer-in the gums are cut bacteria can get into the bloodstream and travel to the heart and infect the
artificial valve
how can chemotherapy increase the risk for infection? what can be given with it to reduce the risk for
infection? - Answer-affects the bone marrow; prophylactic antibiotics
what are the 5 stages of infection? - Answer-1. incubation
2. prodromal
What is bacteriostatic? - Answer-inhibits bacterial growth
what is bactericidal? - Answer-kills bacteria
What is a broad spectrum antibiotic? - Answer-- able to control a variety of organisms (gram - or +)
- used when you cannot identify what the organism causing the disease is
- targets many bacteria ("shotgun approach)
when are broad spectrum antibiotics used? - Answer-when you do not know what organism is causing
the problem
What are narrow spectrum antibiotics? - Answer-- effective against few organisms (either Gram positive
OR Gram negative)
- used when you know which organism is causing the problems and which drug that it is sensitive to
- targets one organism ("bb gun approach)
When are narrow spectrum antibiotics used? - Answer-Whenever the bacteria causing the disease is
known
, what does selective toxicity mean? - Answer-toxic to a specific cell (bacteria/microorganism) while
sparing other normal cells
is bacterial resistance innate or acquired? - Answer-both- can be either
what is meant by bacterial resistance? - Answer-ability of an organism to survive against an
antimicrobial or to render the antimicrobial ineffective
What is a super infection? - Answer-when an infection arises in addition to one that is already present;
an infection that occurs because of treatment for a primary infection
what is meant by prophylactic antibiotic use? - Answer-antibiotics that are used to PREVENT infection
what are three surgical procedures that increase the risk for infection? what is often given with/after the
procedures to decrease the risk of infection? - Answer-1. orthopedic
2. cardiac
3. abdominal
prophylactic antibiotics given to reduce the risk of infection
why is there a risk for endocarditis with a patient who has an artificial valve, having dental surgery? -
Answer-in the gums are cut bacteria can get into the bloodstream and travel to the heart and infect the
artificial valve
how can chemotherapy increase the risk for infection? what can be given with it to reduce the risk for
infection? - Answer-affects the bone marrow; prophylactic antibiotics
what are the 5 stages of infection? - Answer-1. incubation
2. prodromal
