Test Bank For Pharmacology for Nurses , A Pathophysiologic Approach 5th Edition by Michael Patrick Adams , Norman Holland, Carol Urban

Test Bank for Basic Pharmacology for
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Nurses k




Chapter 02: Basic Principles of Drug Action and Drug Interact
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ions
Clayton/Willihnganz: Basic Pharmacology for Nurses, 17th Edition MULTIP k k k k k k k




LE CHOICE
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1.The nurse assesses hives in a patient started on a new medication. What is the n
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urse‟s priority action?
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a. Notify physician of allergic reaction.
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b.Notify physician of idiosyncratic reaction.
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c. Notify physician of potential teratogenicity.
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d.Notify physician of potential tolerance.
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ANS: A k




An allergic reaction is indicative of hypersensitivity and manifests with hives and/or
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urticaria, which are easily identified. An idiosyncratic reaction occurs when somethi
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ng unusual or abnormal happens when a drug is first administered. A teratogenic rea
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ction refers to the occurrence of birth defects related to
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,administration of the drug. Tolerance refers to the body‟s requirement for increasin
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g dosages to achieve the same effects that a lower dose once did.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 17 OBJ: 4 TOP:Nu
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rsing Process Step: Assessment
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MSC:NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity NOT:CONCEPT(S)
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: Clinical Judgment; Safety
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2.The nurse administers an initial dose of a steroid to a patient with asthma. Thirty m
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inutes after administration, the nurse finds the patient agitated and stating that “ever
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yone is out to get me.” What is the term for this unusual reaction?
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a. Desired action k


b.Adverse effect k


c. Idiosyncratic reaction k


d.Allergic reaction k




ANS: C k




Idiosyncratic reactions are unusual, abnormal reactions that occur when a drug is firs
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t administered. Patients typically exhibit an overresponsiveness to a medication relat
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ed to diminished metabolism. These reactions are believed to be related to genetic en
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zyme deficiencies. Desired actions are expected responses to a medication. Adverse
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effects are reactions that occur in another system of the body; they are usually predic
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table. Allergic reactions appear after repeated medication dosages.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 18 OBJ: 4 TOP:Nu
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rsing Process Step: Evaluation
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MSC:NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity k k k k k




NOT: CONCEPT(S): Patient Education; Clinical Judgment; Caregiving; Safety; S
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ensory Perception k




3.Which is the best description of when drug interactions occur? a
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.On administration of toxic dosages of a drug
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, b.On an increase in the pharmacodynamics of bound drugs
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c. On the alteration of the effect of one drug by another drug
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d.On increase of drug excretion
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ANS: C k




Drug interactions may be characterized by an increase or decrease in the effectiv
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eness of one or both of the drugs. Toxicity of one drug may or may not affect the
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metabolism of another one. Drug interactions may result from either increased o
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r decreased pharmacodynamics. Drug interactions may result from either increa
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sed or decreased excretion.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 18 OBJ: 5 TO
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P:Nursing Process Step: Assessment k k k




MSC:NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity NOT:CONCEPTk k k k k k




(S): Safety; Patient Education; Clinical Judgment
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4.What occurs when two drugs compete for the same receptor site, resulting in i
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ncreased activity of the first drug? k k k k k




a. Desired action k


b.Synergistic effect k


c. Carcinogenicity
d.Displacement

ANS: D k




The displacement of the first drug from receptor sites by a second drug increases the
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amount of the first drug because more unbound drug is available. An expected resp
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onse of a drug is the desired action. A synergistic effect is the effect of two drugs bei
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ng greater than the effect of each chemical individually or the sum of the individual
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effects. Carcinogenicity is the ability of a drug to cause cells to mutate and become c
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ancerous.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 19 OBJ: 6 TO
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P:Nursing Process Step: Implementation k k k