HKR 3300 Final Exam questions &
answers graded A+
manual aiming skills - correct answer ✔✔motor skills that involve arm, hand,
and/or finger movement to a target,e.g., putting a key into a keyhole, threading a
needle with thread, and typing on a computer keyboard
speed accuracy trade off - correct answer ✔✔a characteristic of motor skill
performance in which the speed at which a skill is performed is influenced by
movement accuracy demands; the trade-off is that increasing speed yields
decreasing accuracy, and vice versa.
fitts law - correct answer ✔✔a human performance law specifying the movement
time for an aiming action when the distance to move and the target size are
known; quantified as MT = a + b log2(2D/W),where a and b are constants and W =
target width, and D = distance from the starting point to the target
index of difficulty - correct answer ✔✔according to Fitts' law, a quantitative
measure of the difficulty of performing a skill involving both speed and accuracy
requirements; calculated as the log2(2D/W), where W = target width, and D =
distance from the starting point to the target
motor equivalence - correct answer ✔✔the capability of the motor control system
to enable a person to achieve an action goal in a variety of situations and
conditions (e.g., writing your signature with either hand)
,bimanual coordination - correct answer ✔✔a motor skill that requires the
simultaneous use of the two arms; the skill may require the two arms to move
with the same or different spatial and/or temporal characteristics
action preparation - correct answer ✔✔the activity that occurs between the
intention to perform and the initiation of an action; sometimes, the term motor
programming is used to refer to this preparation activity
hicks law - correct answer ✔✔A law of human performance stating that RT will
increase logarithmically as the number of stimulus-response choices increases
cost benefit tradeoff - correct answer ✔✔in a choice-RT situation, it refers to the
cost (in terms of slower RT) and benefit (in terms of faster RT) that occur as a
result of biasing the preparation of an action in favour of one of several possible
actions (as opposed to preparing as if each possible action were equally probable)
stimulus response compatabiltity - correct answer ✔✔a characteristic of the
spatial arrangement relationship between a stimulus and a response. This
relationship includes the spatial arrangement of stimuli and limb movements
required to respond to them, and the physical characteristics or meaning
of a stimulus and the type of response required. The degree of compatibility
influences the amount of preparation time in a reaction time task involving
stimulus and response choices
stroop effect - correct answer ✔✔a type of stimulus-response compatibility
situation in which a colour's name and ink are the same or different. RT for saying
the word is faster when both are the same colour than if the word is a different
ink colour
, foreperiod - correct answer ✔✔in a reaction time paradigm, the time interval
between a warning signal and the go-signal, or stimulus
psychological refractory period - correct answer ✔✔a delay period during which a
person seems to put a planned action "on hold" while executing a previous
initiated action
vigilance - correct answer ✔✔maintaining attention in a performance situation in
which stimuli requiring a response occur infrequently
performance - correct answer ✔✔the behavioral act of executing a skill at a
specific time and in a specific situation
learning - correct answer ✔✔a change in the capability of a person to perform a
skill; it must be inferred from relatively permanent improvement in performance
as a result of practice or experience
stability - correct answer ✔✔the influence on skill performance of perturbations,
which are internal or external conditions that can disrupt performance
performance curve - correct answer ✔✔a line graph describing performance in
which the level of achievement of a performance measure is plotted for a specific
sequence of time (e.g., sec.,min., days) or trials; the units of the performance
measure are on the y-axis (vertical axis)and the time units are on the x-axis
(horizontal axis)
answers graded A+
manual aiming skills - correct answer ✔✔motor skills that involve arm, hand,
and/or finger movement to a target,e.g., putting a key into a keyhole, threading a
needle with thread, and typing on a computer keyboard
speed accuracy trade off - correct answer ✔✔a characteristic of motor skill
performance in which the speed at which a skill is performed is influenced by
movement accuracy demands; the trade-off is that increasing speed yields
decreasing accuracy, and vice versa.
fitts law - correct answer ✔✔a human performance law specifying the movement
time for an aiming action when the distance to move and the target size are
known; quantified as MT = a + b log2(2D/W),where a and b are constants and W =
target width, and D = distance from the starting point to the target
index of difficulty - correct answer ✔✔according to Fitts' law, a quantitative
measure of the difficulty of performing a skill involving both speed and accuracy
requirements; calculated as the log2(2D/W), where W = target width, and D =
distance from the starting point to the target
motor equivalence - correct answer ✔✔the capability of the motor control system
to enable a person to achieve an action goal in a variety of situations and
conditions (e.g., writing your signature with either hand)
,bimanual coordination - correct answer ✔✔a motor skill that requires the
simultaneous use of the two arms; the skill may require the two arms to move
with the same or different spatial and/or temporal characteristics
action preparation - correct answer ✔✔the activity that occurs between the
intention to perform and the initiation of an action; sometimes, the term motor
programming is used to refer to this preparation activity
hicks law - correct answer ✔✔A law of human performance stating that RT will
increase logarithmically as the number of stimulus-response choices increases
cost benefit tradeoff - correct answer ✔✔in a choice-RT situation, it refers to the
cost (in terms of slower RT) and benefit (in terms of faster RT) that occur as a
result of biasing the preparation of an action in favour of one of several possible
actions (as opposed to preparing as if each possible action were equally probable)
stimulus response compatabiltity - correct answer ✔✔a characteristic of the
spatial arrangement relationship between a stimulus and a response. This
relationship includes the spatial arrangement of stimuli and limb movements
required to respond to them, and the physical characteristics or meaning
of a stimulus and the type of response required. The degree of compatibility
influences the amount of preparation time in a reaction time task involving
stimulus and response choices
stroop effect - correct answer ✔✔a type of stimulus-response compatibility
situation in which a colour's name and ink are the same or different. RT for saying
the word is faster when both are the same colour than if the word is a different
ink colour
, foreperiod - correct answer ✔✔in a reaction time paradigm, the time interval
between a warning signal and the go-signal, or stimulus
psychological refractory period - correct answer ✔✔a delay period during which a
person seems to put a planned action "on hold" while executing a previous
initiated action
vigilance - correct answer ✔✔maintaining attention in a performance situation in
which stimuli requiring a response occur infrequently
performance - correct answer ✔✔the behavioral act of executing a skill at a
specific time and in a specific situation
learning - correct answer ✔✔a change in the capability of a person to perform a
skill; it must be inferred from relatively permanent improvement in performance
as a result of practice or experience
stability - correct answer ✔✔the influence on skill performance of perturbations,
which are internal or external conditions that can disrupt performance
performance curve - correct answer ✔✔a line graph describing performance in
which the level of achievement of a performance measure is plotted for a specific
sequence of time (e.g., sec.,min., days) or trials; the units of the performance
measure are on the y-axis (vertical axis)and the time units are on the x-axis
(horizontal axis)
