Man 3025 Terms - Ucf Final Exam Updated Questions With 100% Correct Answers

MAN 3025 TERMS - UCF FINAL EXAM UPDATED QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS "administrative management theory - CORRECT ANSWER the study of how organizational structure and control system can be used to achieve efficiency ad effectiveness." "2 influential theorists of administrative management theory are? - CORRECT ANSWER -Max Weber -Henri Fayol" "Max Weber - CORRECT ANSWER German theorist who developed the principles of bureaucracy." "bureaucracy - CORRECT ANSWER a formal system of organization and administration designed to ensure efficiency and effectiveness." "Elton Mayo - CORRECT ANSWER - Harvard psychologist -conducted relay assembly test experiments in which he changed various dimensions of the work environment and recorded the impact on job performance" "hawthorne effect - CORRECT ANSWER the finding that managerial behaviors and leadership approaches can impact workers' performance." "management science theory - CORRECT ANSWER a contemporary extension of scientific management that uses techniques ti help managers make the best use of organizational resources." "several branches of management science theory are as follows: - CORRECT ANSWER --quantitative management -operations management -total quality management (TQM) -management information systems (MISs)" "need for achievement (nAch) - CORRECT ANSWER the degree to which a person strives to succeed at challenging tasks and meet personal standards of excellence." "need for affiliation (nAff) - CORRECT ANSWER the degree to which a person strives to be liked, maintain good interpersonal relations, an get along with others." "need for power (nPow) - CORRECT ANSWER the degree to which a person tries to influence or control others" "personalized power - CORRECT ANSWER power simply for their own benefit, for the sake of being in charge" "socialized power - CORRECT ANSWER power used as a means to help others or achieve goals" "effectiveness - CORRECT ANSWER managers choose appropriate goals and achieve them" "managerial tasks - CORRECT ANSWER -planning -organizing -leading -controlling" "Planning - CORRECT ANSWER involves choosing appropriate goals, developing strategies for achieving high performance, and allocating resources to achieve those goals." "Strategy - CORRECT ANSWER involves a group of decisions about what goals to pursue and how to use resources to achieve those goals." "two kinds of strategies - CORRECT ANSWER - Low cost strategy -differentiation strategy" "organization structure - CORRECT ANSWER a formal system of task and reporting relationships among organizational members." "leading - CORRECT ANSWER involves coordinating, motivating, and energizing people to work together to achieve organizational goals." "vision - CORRECT ANSWER a statement where the organization is going and what goals are to be achieved" "leaders - CORRECT ANSWER provide focus and motivate others" "liaisons - CORRECT ANSWER coordinate activities and serve as a "go-between" within groups" "informational roles - CORRECT ANSWER roles which managers analyze and communicate info. these roles include the ones of monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson." "monitors - CORRECT ANSWER keep an eye out for new info" "disseminators - CORRECT ANSWER convey info to others" "spokespeople - CORRECT ANSWER are the official voices of the organization." "decisional roles - CORRECT ANSWER roles in which managers use info to make decisions to solve problems or take advantage of opportunities. these include the roles of entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator and negotiator." "entreprenuers - CORRECT ANSWER suggest new courses of action to take advantage of opportunities" "disturbance handlers - CORRECT ANSWER manage conflict, including clashes between groups or individuals in the organization." "resource allocators - CORRECT ANSWER determine how to divide organizational resources among business units, projects, or teams." "Mintzberg 3 categories of managerial roles - CORRECT ANSWER -Interpersonal roles -Informational roles -decisional roles" "managerial skills - CORRECT ANSWER -Conceptual skills -human skills -technical skills" "conceptual skills - CORRECT ANSWER refer to a manager's ability to analyze a situation and distinguish between cause and effect." "restructuring - CORRECT ANSWER (also called simplifying, shrinking or downsizing) involves the elimination of managerial and non-managerial jobs to reduce operating costs." "competitive advantage - CORRECT ANSWER the ability to outperform other organizations by producing goods and services more efficiently." "the four building blocks of a sustainable competitive advantage are as follows: - CORRECT ANSWER -efficiency -quality -innovation -responsiveness to customers" "efficiency - CORRECT ANSWER organizations can improve efficiency by either increasing their outputs or reducing their inputs." "responsiveness to customers - CORRECT ANSWER managers and front-line employees must be responsive to customers needs. this is particularly important for service organizations." "turnaround management - CORRECT ANSWER to create new vision and adopt a new approach that will better use of a company's resources so that it can survive and prosper." "scientific management - CORRECT ANSWER Frederick W. Taylor (a manufacturing manager with an engineering background )" "scientific management - CORRECT ANSWER a systematic study of people and tasks in an attempt o improve productivity by redesigning the work process" "job specialization - CORRECT ANSWER the process in which labor is divided among workers specializing in different tasks." "Frederick W. Taylor - CORRECT ANSWER is sometimes known as the " Father of scientific management"" "scientific management viewed people as _____________ rather than human beings - CORRECT ANSWER machines" "Frank and Lillian Gilbreth - CORRECT ANSWER - a husband and wife team that refined Taylor's work through time-and-motion studies. -they filmed people performing tasks and then divided each task into component movements." "rules - CORRECT ANSWER formal instructions specifying which actions should be taken under different circumstances." "Standard operating procedures (SOPs) - CORRECT ANSWER written instructions about how to perform a particular aspect of a task." "norms - CORRECT ANSWER are informal, unwritten codes of conduct." "Henry Fayol - CORRECT ANSWER french theorist that identified 14 principles of management." "Fayol's 14 principles of management - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Division of labor 2) Authority and responsibility 3) Unity of command 4) Line of authority 5) Centralization of authority 6) Unity of direction 7) Equity 8) Order 9) Initiative 10) Discipline 11) Remuneration of personnel 12) Stability of tenure of personnel 13) Subordination of individual interests to the common interest 14) Esprit de corps" "behavioral management theory - CORRECT ANSWER studies how managers should motivate employees and ensure that they are committed to the organization." "Mary Parker Follet - CORRECT ANSWER -"mother of management thought" -recognized that workers could make more significant contributions to the organizations when managers gave them the ability to take initiative." "Hawthorne studies - CORRECT ANSWER -from 1924 to 1932, researchers conducted experiments at the Hathorne works of the western electric company. -impact of different levels of illumination on workers productivity." "open system - CORRECT ANSWER one that interacts with the external environment" "closed system - CORRECT ANSWER is self-contained and unaffected by the environment." "entropy - CORRECT ANSWER a natural tendency of a closed system to lose control of itself and therefore disintegrate." "synergy - CORRECT ANSWER the performance gains resulting from coordination among multiple systems." "contingency theory - CORRECT ANSWER states that managerial control systems and organizational structures should be contingent on characteristics of the external environment." "extraversion - CORRECT ANSWER a tendency to have positive feelings about oneself and the world" "negative affectivity - CORRECT ANSWER the tendency to have negative emotions and moods, to feel distressed, and to be critical of oneself and others" "agreeableness - CORRECT ANSWER the tendency to get along well with others" "conscientiousness - CORRECT ANSWER the tendency to be careful, scrupulous, and persevering." "Internal locus of control - CORRECT ANSWER the extent to which people believe they have control over what happens to them" "highself esteem - CORRECT ANSWER the extent to which people feel good about themselves and their capabilities." "Values - CORRECT ANSWER what managers are trying to achieve and how they believe they should behave." "terminal values - CORRECT ANSWER personal convictions about lifelong objectives" "instrumental values - CORRECT ANSWER personal convictions about how one should behave." "value system - CORRECT ANSWER the set of values that act as guiding principles in his or her life." "attitudes - CORRECT ANSWER manager's feelings and beliefs about jobs, people, and organizations" "job satisfacion - CORRECT ANSWER the feeling and beliefs that managers have about their current jobs" "organizational citizenship behaviors - CORRECT ANSWER behaviors that are not required of organizational members but that are nevertheless critical for effectiveness, efficiency, and competitive advantage." "organizational commitment - CORRECT ANSWER the set of feelings and beliefs that managers have about the organization as a whole" "mood - CORRECT ANSWER a feeling, or a state of mind" "emotion - CORRECT ANSWER an intense, relatively brief feeling" "emotional intelligence - CORRECT ANSWER the capacity to manage one's moods and emotions and the moods and emotions of others." "self awereness - CORRECT ANSWER involves the ability to manage one's own emotions, motives, weaknesses, and strengths" "self management - CORRECT ANSWER involves the ability to control one's impulses and internal states" "organizational socialization - CORRECT ANSWER the process in which new employees learn the organization's values and norms and learn the work behaviors that they need to effectively perform their jobs." "rites of pasage - CORRECT ANSWER (basic training) dictate how individuals enter, advance within and leave the organization" "ceremonies and rites - CORRECT ANSWER are events that recognize important incidents" "stakeholders - CORRECT ANSWER the people and groups that have a claim on and a stake in the company because they supply it with productive resources ." "stockholders - CORRECT ANSWER the owners of a stock" "managers - CORRECT ANSWER charged with using the company's resources effectively" "employees - CORRECT ANSWER provide valuable services to organizations and they must be compensated and treated fairly" "suppliers - CORRECT ANSWER provide the company with raw inputs" "distributors - CORRECT ANSWER (including wholesalers and retailers) provide the products to final customers" "utilitarian rule - CORRECT ANSWER says that a decision is ethical when it does the greatest good for the greatest number of people" "moral rights rule - CORRECT ANSWER a decision is ethical when it best protects people's fundamental or inalienable rights and privileges." "justice rule - CORRECT ANSWER a decision is ethical when benefits and harms are distributed fairly, equitably and impartially" "practical rule - CORRECT ANSWER a decision is ethical when the typical person in society would think that it is acceptable" “Management - CORRECT ANSWER planning, organizing, leading, and controlling of human and other resources to achieve organizational goals efficiently and effectively" "Manager's goal - CORRECT ANSWER High performance" "Efficiency - CORRECT ANSWER Managers minimize the amount of input resources needed to produce goods/services" "low-cost strategy - CORRECT ANSWER often involves reducing costs in an attempt to compete on price." "differentiation strategy - CORRECT ANSWER an attempt to compete based on a differentiated product, not low cost." "organizing - CORRECT ANSWER involves establishing authority and task relationships that help people coordinate to achieve organizational goals" "Controlling - CORRECT ANSWER involves accurately measuring and monitoring the organization's achievement of its goals. it involves monitoring the performance of people, groups, departments and the entire organization as a whole." "interpersonal roles - CORRECT ANSWER roles which managers interact with people inside and outside their work units. these include the roles of figurehead, leader, liaison." "figureheads - CORRECT ANSWER put new policies in place and serve as examples for subordinates" "department - CORRECT ANSWER consists of people with similar skills and who use similar knowledge or tools to perform their jobs." "First-line managers - CORRECT ANSWER supervise non-managerial employees on a daily basis. (These individuals are often called supervisors)" "middle managers - CORRECT ANSWER supervise first-line managers. They may develop ways to reduce costs, improve customer service, or improve the quality of the goods or services being produced." "top managers - CORRECT ANSWER make high-level decisions about organizational goals and how departments should interact, and they monitor organizational performance" "human skills - CORRECT ANSWER refer to a manager's ability to understand, alter, lead, and control the behavior of individuals and groups within the organization." "technical skills - CORRECT ANSWER are job-specific skills that are required for a particular organizational role." "outsourcing - CORRECT ANSWER the use of another company to perform a task that the organization once performed." "empowerment - CORRECT ANSWER a technique that gives employees more responsibility and authority over the performance of their work activities by expanding their knowledge, tasks, and decision making abilities." "quality - CORRECT ANSWER organizations can improve the quality of their outputs through formal techniques such as total quality management (TQM)" "innovation - CORRECT ANSWER companies must be speedy and flexible; they have to be able to bring new products to the market quickly, but they also have to be able to respond to competitors and change their activities if needed." "the 4 key principles that would improve productivity (scientific management) - CORRECT ANSWER -Study how workers perform tasks and try to improve how tasks are performed -use written rules and standard operating procedures to codify new, more efficient methods of performing tasks. -select workers with the appropriate skills and abilities, and train them to accomplish the task using the codified rules and procedures -establish an acceptable level of performance, and incentivize workers by rewarding them for performing above this level." "human relations movement - CORRECT ANSWER the system of norms and behavioral rules that emerged within a group." "organizational behavior - CORRECT ANSWER examines the factors that impact how individuals and groups act in various situations." "Douglas Mcgregor - CORRECT ANSWER proposed that managers may adopt one of two sets of assumptions about workers' attitudes and behavior. -Theory X and Theory Y" "Theory X managers - CORRECT ANSWER -believe that workers are lazy, unmotivated, disinterested, and attempt to avoid work whenever possible. -managers must closely supervise workers - they believe that $ is the primary motivator" "Theory Y managers - CORRECT ANSWER -believe that workers do not naturally dislike work and are not inherently lazy. -rather they will do good for the organization if given the opportunity -managers strive to create an environment that allows workers to take initiative" "mechanistic structure - CORRECT ANSWER involves centralization of authority, close supervision of employees and clearly specified tasks and rules." "organic structures - CORRECT ANSWER involves decentralization of authority to middle- and first-line managers, and ambiguously defined tasks and roles. this allows employees to cooperate with one another and respond quickly when unexpected events occur in the environment." "personality traits - CORRECT ANSWER certain enduring tendencies to think, feel, and act in particular ways." "the big 5 personality traits - CORRECT ANSWER -extraversion -negative affectivity -agreeableness -conscientiousness -openness to experience" "social awareness - CORRECT ANSWER involves the ability to understand and be sensitive to the thoughts, feelings and situations of others" "relationship management - CORRECT ANSWER involves the ability to manage the emotions of others" "organizational culture - CORRECT ANSWER the shared set of values, norms,work routines, beliefs, and expectations that influences how organizational members interact with one another to achieve the goals of the organization" "values of the founder - CORRECT ANSWER can have long lasting impact on organizational culture" "rites of integration - CORRECT ANSWER (xmas party) build common bonds among organizational members" "rites of enhancement - CORRECT ANSWER (awards ceremony) involve public recognition of an employee's contributions" "stories and language - CORRECT ANSWER stories about organizational heroes and villains provide info about what the organization does not value" "ethical dilemmas - CORRECT ANSWER exists when a person has to decide to act in a way that may help others even though doing so may be against his, or her own self interest"