NURS 5315 Hematology Exam Questions
and Answers All Correct
Which blood component is primarily responsible for oxygen transport?
A) White blood cells
B) Platelets
C) Red blood cells
D) Plasma - Answer-C) Red blood cells
Rationale: Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds oxygen and transports it to
body tissues.
What is the main protein in red blood cells that binds oxygen?
A) Albumin
B) Hemoglobin
C) Fibrinogen
D) Myoglobin - Answer-Answer: B) Hemoglobin
Rationale: Hemoglobin is the primary oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells,
essential for oxygen delivery.
Which of the following white blood cells is involved in the allergic response?
A) Neutrophils
B) Eosinophils
C) Lymphocytes
D) Monocytes - Answer-Answer: B) Eosinophils
Rationale: Eosinophils play a key role in allergic reactions and parasitic infections.
What is the most common cause of iron deficiency anemia?
A) Vitamin B12 deficiency
B) Folate deficiency
C) Acute blood loss
D) Chronic blood loss - Answer-Answer: D) Chronic blood loss
Rationale: Chronic blood loss, often due to gastrointestinal bleeding or heavy
menstruation, depletes iron stores.
In which part of the body is erythropoietin mainly produced?
, A) Liver
B) Bone marrow
C) Spleen
D) Kidneys - Answer-Answer: D) Kidneys
Rationale: The kidneys produce erythropoietin in response to low oxygen levels in the
blood, stimulating RBC production.
What type of anemia is caused by a lack of intrinsic factor?
A) Iron deficiency anemia
B) Hemolytic anemia
C) Aplastic anemia
D) Pernicious anemia - Answer-Answer: D) Pernicious anemia
Rationale: Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of intrinsic factor, which is necessary
for vitamin B12 absorption.
Which diagnostic test measures the number and types of cells in the blood?
A) Bone marrow biopsy
B) Complete blood count (CBC)
C) Blood smear
D) Coagulation test - Answer-Answer: B) Complete blood count (CBC)
Rationale: CBC provides essential information about red blood cells, white blood cells,
and platelets.
What is the primary site of hematopoiesis in adults?
A) Liver
B) Bone marrow
C) Spleen
D) Yolk sac - Answer-Answer: B) Bone marrow
Rationale: In adults, bone marrow is the primary site of blood cell production.
Which condition is characterized by spontaneous bleeding into joints and muscles?
A) Sickle cell anemia
B) Hemophilia
C) Thrombocytopenia
D) Myeloma - Answer-Answer: B) Hemophilia
Rationale: Hemophilia is a genetic disorder that impairs blood clotting, leading to
spontaneous bleeding.
What is the main function of platelets?
A) Fight infections
B) Transport oxygen
and Answers All Correct
Which blood component is primarily responsible for oxygen transport?
A) White blood cells
B) Platelets
C) Red blood cells
D) Plasma - Answer-C) Red blood cells
Rationale: Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds oxygen and transports it to
body tissues.
What is the main protein in red blood cells that binds oxygen?
A) Albumin
B) Hemoglobin
C) Fibrinogen
D) Myoglobin - Answer-Answer: B) Hemoglobin
Rationale: Hemoglobin is the primary oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells,
essential for oxygen delivery.
Which of the following white blood cells is involved in the allergic response?
A) Neutrophils
B) Eosinophils
C) Lymphocytes
D) Monocytes - Answer-Answer: B) Eosinophils
Rationale: Eosinophils play a key role in allergic reactions and parasitic infections.
What is the most common cause of iron deficiency anemia?
A) Vitamin B12 deficiency
B) Folate deficiency
C) Acute blood loss
D) Chronic blood loss - Answer-Answer: D) Chronic blood loss
Rationale: Chronic blood loss, often due to gastrointestinal bleeding or heavy
menstruation, depletes iron stores.
In which part of the body is erythropoietin mainly produced?
, A) Liver
B) Bone marrow
C) Spleen
D) Kidneys - Answer-Answer: D) Kidneys
Rationale: The kidneys produce erythropoietin in response to low oxygen levels in the
blood, stimulating RBC production.
What type of anemia is caused by a lack of intrinsic factor?
A) Iron deficiency anemia
B) Hemolytic anemia
C) Aplastic anemia
D) Pernicious anemia - Answer-Answer: D) Pernicious anemia
Rationale: Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of intrinsic factor, which is necessary
for vitamin B12 absorption.
Which diagnostic test measures the number and types of cells in the blood?
A) Bone marrow biopsy
B) Complete blood count (CBC)
C) Blood smear
D) Coagulation test - Answer-Answer: B) Complete blood count (CBC)
Rationale: CBC provides essential information about red blood cells, white blood cells,
and platelets.
What is the primary site of hematopoiesis in adults?
A) Liver
B) Bone marrow
C) Spleen
D) Yolk sac - Answer-Answer: B) Bone marrow
Rationale: In adults, bone marrow is the primary site of blood cell production.
Which condition is characterized by spontaneous bleeding into joints and muscles?
A) Sickle cell anemia
B) Hemophilia
C) Thrombocytopenia
D) Myeloma - Answer-Answer: B) Hemophilia
Rationale: Hemophilia is a genetic disorder that impairs blood clotting, leading to
spontaneous bleeding.
What is the main function of platelets?
A) Fight infections
B) Transport oxygen
