Mark Klimek NCLEX Review UPDATED
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Primary dietary prescription for calcium nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) ? PG. 85 - CORRECT
ANSWER - Low calcium diet
For client with nephrolithiasis the diet should be ___ ash - CORRECT ANSWER - Acid
If kidney stone is calcium phosphate the diet must be low in ___ too - CORRECT
ANSWER - Phosphorus
Primary diet tx for uric acid nephrolithiasis is __ ____ - CORRECT ANSWER - Low
purine
Client with uric acid nephrolithiasis should have a diet low in ____ - CORRECT
ANSWER - Methionine
What is methionine? - CORRECT ANSWER - Precursor of the amino acid cystine
2 foods high in methionine? - CORRECT ANSWER - Eggs, milk
Clients with cystine nephrolithiasis should have an ____ ash diet - CORRECT ANSWER -
Alkaline
Inc. fluids over 3000 cc /day is more effective in treating renal calculi than ANY dietary
modification, T/F? - CORRECT ANSWER - True. Want to flush tract than worry about
diet
What is the common name for Laryngotracheobronchitis - LTB - CORRECT ANSWER -
Croup
,What is the typical temp elevation in croup? - CORRECT ANSWER - Low grade, usually
below 102, but can go up to 104.
Are ATBs helpful for croup? For epiglottits? - CORRECT ANSWER - For croup, no.
Epiglottitis, yes
Is croup viral or bacterial? - CORRECT ANSWER - Viral
With which condition is croup most often confused? - CORRECT ANSWER - Epiglottitis
Can croup be managed at home? Can epiglottitis be managed at home? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Yes. No, epiglottitis is a 911 emergency
Are sedatives used for kids with croup? - CORRECT ANSWER - No, bc this would mask
the signs of respiratory distress
What causes epiglottitis? A virus or bacteria? - CORRECT ANSWER - H. influenza
BACTERIA
What is the best tx for croup? - CORRECT ANSWER - Cool moist air
What should never be done to a child with epiglottitis? - CORRECT ANSWER - Never
put anything in the child's mouth, ie, a tongue blade can lead to obstruction
What are the typical signs and symptoms of croup? - CORRECT ANSWER - Barking
cough, inspiratory stridor, labored resp. pattern
What 3 signs tell you that the child has epiglottitis instead of croup? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Muffled voice, drooling, increased fever
,When is croup bad enough to be evaluated by a doc? - CORRECT ANSWER - When
retractions, and high pitched stridor are present
What lead level needs intervention? - CORRECT ANSWER - 50-60 micrograms/ dl
With which class of drugs will a child with lead poisoning be treated? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Chelating agents
What do chelating drugs do? - CORRECT ANSWER - They increase the excretion of
heavy metals
The most freq. cause of lead poisoning is... - CORRECT ANSWER - Ingestion of lead-
based paint chips
Name 3 common chelating agents for lead poisoning - CORRECT ANSWER - EDTA,
desferal, BAL in oil
S&S of lead poisoning - CORRECT ANSWER - Drowsiness, clumsiness, ataxia, seizures,
coma, resp. arrest
Sx of lead poisoning show up in the ____ system - CORRECT ANSWER - Neuro
Leukemia is cancer of the ___ forming tissues - CORRECT ANSWER - Blood
The type of cell that is most common and problematic in leukemia is ____ - CORRECT
ANSWER - Immature WBC
In leukemia the RBC count is ... - CORRECT ANSWER - Low, bc the bone marrow is
going "wild" producing all those immature WBC - no energy or nutrients to make platelets
, In leukemia, the platelet count is ... - CORRECT ANSWER - Low, bc the bone marrow is
going "wild" producing all those immature WBC - no energy or nutrients to make platelets
Bc the RBCs are low, the pt will exhibit ___ and ___ - CORRECT ANSWER - Pallor and
fatigue
Bc of the immature WBCs, the pt is at risk for ___ - CORRECT ANSWER - Infection
Bc of low platelets, the pt is at risk for ___, ___, and ___ - CORRECT ANSWER -
Bruising, ecchymosis, bleeding, petechiae
What causes lymph gland enlargement in leukemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - All those
small immature WBC clog the lymph system
Should you take a rectal temp on a child with leukemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - No
Should you take an oral temp on a child with leukemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - Yes, as
long as they are over 4 years old, in remission, and have no sores in their mouth
Should the child with active leukemia use straws, forks, cups? - CORRECT ANSWER -
NO straws, NO forks, YES cups
RN's priority in tx a child with newly diagnosed leukemia is... - CORRECT ANSWER -
Dec. risk of infection
When the leukemia child's platelets and WBC's are low, his activities should be ... - CORRECT
ANSWER - Limited
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Primary dietary prescription for calcium nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) ? PG. 85 - CORRECT
ANSWER - Low calcium diet
For client with nephrolithiasis the diet should be ___ ash - CORRECT ANSWER - Acid
If kidney stone is calcium phosphate the diet must be low in ___ too - CORRECT
ANSWER - Phosphorus
Primary diet tx for uric acid nephrolithiasis is __ ____ - CORRECT ANSWER - Low
purine
Client with uric acid nephrolithiasis should have a diet low in ____ - CORRECT
ANSWER - Methionine
What is methionine? - CORRECT ANSWER - Precursor of the amino acid cystine
2 foods high in methionine? - CORRECT ANSWER - Eggs, milk
Clients with cystine nephrolithiasis should have an ____ ash diet - CORRECT ANSWER -
Alkaline
Inc. fluids over 3000 cc /day is more effective in treating renal calculi than ANY dietary
modification, T/F? - CORRECT ANSWER - True. Want to flush tract than worry about
diet
What is the common name for Laryngotracheobronchitis - LTB - CORRECT ANSWER -
Croup
,What is the typical temp elevation in croup? - CORRECT ANSWER - Low grade, usually
below 102, but can go up to 104.
Are ATBs helpful for croup? For epiglottits? - CORRECT ANSWER - For croup, no.
Epiglottitis, yes
Is croup viral or bacterial? - CORRECT ANSWER - Viral
With which condition is croup most often confused? - CORRECT ANSWER - Epiglottitis
Can croup be managed at home? Can epiglottitis be managed at home? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Yes. No, epiglottitis is a 911 emergency
Are sedatives used for kids with croup? - CORRECT ANSWER - No, bc this would mask
the signs of respiratory distress
What causes epiglottitis? A virus or bacteria? - CORRECT ANSWER - H. influenza
BACTERIA
What is the best tx for croup? - CORRECT ANSWER - Cool moist air
What should never be done to a child with epiglottitis? - CORRECT ANSWER - Never
put anything in the child's mouth, ie, a tongue blade can lead to obstruction
What are the typical signs and symptoms of croup? - CORRECT ANSWER - Barking
cough, inspiratory stridor, labored resp. pattern
What 3 signs tell you that the child has epiglottitis instead of croup? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Muffled voice, drooling, increased fever
,When is croup bad enough to be evaluated by a doc? - CORRECT ANSWER - When
retractions, and high pitched stridor are present
What lead level needs intervention? - CORRECT ANSWER - 50-60 micrograms/ dl
With which class of drugs will a child with lead poisoning be treated? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Chelating agents
What do chelating drugs do? - CORRECT ANSWER - They increase the excretion of
heavy metals
The most freq. cause of lead poisoning is... - CORRECT ANSWER - Ingestion of lead-
based paint chips
Name 3 common chelating agents for lead poisoning - CORRECT ANSWER - EDTA,
desferal, BAL in oil
S&S of lead poisoning - CORRECT ANSWER - Drowsiness, clumsiness, ataxia, seizures,
coma, resp. arrest
Sx of lead poisoning show up in the ____ system - CORRECT ANSWER - Neuro
Leukemia is cancer of the ___ forming tissues - CORRECT ANSWER - Blood
The type of cell that is most common and problematic in leukemia is ____ - CORRECT
ANSWER - Immature WBC
In leukemia the RBC count is ... - CORRECT ANSWER - Low, bc the bone marrow is
going "wild" producing all those immature WBC - no energy or nutrients to make platelets
, In leukemia, the platelet count is ... - CORRECT ANSWER - Low, bc the bone marrow is
going "wild" producing all those immature WBC - no energy or nutrients to make platelets
Bc the RBCs are low, the pt will exhibit ___ and ___ - CORRECT ANSWER - Pallor and
fatigue
Bc of the immature WBCs, the pt is at risk for ___ - CORRECT ANSWER - Infection
Bc of low platelets, the pt is at risk for ___, ___, and ___ - CORRECT ANSWER -
Bruising, ecchymosis, bleeding, petechiae
What causes lymph gland enlargement in leukemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - All those
small immature WBC clog the lymph system
Should you take a rectal temp on a child with leukemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - No
Should you take an oral temp on a child with leukemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - Yes, as
long as they are over 4 years old, in remission, and have no sores in their mouth
Should the child with active leukemia use straws, forks, cups? - CORRECT ANSWER -
NO straws, NO forks, YES cups
RN's priority in tx a child with newly diagnosed leukemia is... - CORRECT ANSWER -
Dec. risk of infection
When the leukemia child's platelets and WBC's are low, his activities should be ... - CORRECT
ANSWER - Limited
