MGMT 380 NEW 2025 EXAM STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS A+ GRADED!!
what do we mean by sustainable? - ANSWER -the capacity to support, maintain, or
endure; it can indicate both a goal and a process
-systems that remain diverse, robust, and productive over time and how this is a
necessary precondition for wellbeing of humans and other species
-societies, companies, and daily lives that are structured to protect the long-term future
of the planet and the ability of future generations to exist and thrive
-maintained at a certain rate or level, as in sustainable economic growth. It can also be
upheld or defended, as in sustainable definitions of good corporate practice.
3 pillars of sustianability - ANSWER the environmental, the social, and the economic
environmental sustainability - ANSWER protecting the planet
ex: limiting pollution, preserving biodiversity, and reducing carbon footprints
social sustainability - ANSWER fairness, dignity, and respect for all
ex: education, healthcare, equality, human rights
economic sustainability - ANSWER long-term economic growth based on free-market
capitalism without negatively impacting environmental and social aspects of community
if sustainability is an _______, the sustainable development is a _______. It's about
______/_________. - ANSWER outcome, process
time/temporality
what is the definition of sustainable development according to the Brundtland Report -
ANSWER development that meets the needs of present generations without
,compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
-A key policy goal of many international organizations (e.g, the United Nations, the
World Bank, the International MonetaryFund)
triple P - ANSWER people, planet, profit
what is a business - ANSWER a commercial enterprise, company, or firm involved in
the trade of products and services to customers for profits
why sustainable business? - ANSWER Business viewed with suspicion because of its
profit-oriented structure.
-Multinational corporations and global flows of capital have no allegiances to people and
planet in specific locales
-Dominant economic model of past 60 years holds that the business of business is
business.
-"There is one and only one social responsibility of business—to use its resources and
engage inactivities designed to increase its profits"(Friedman, 1962).
Why have businesses have moved toward greater social and environmental
sustainability over the years? - ANSWER -pressure from NGOs and activist groups
-consumer preferences
-greenwashing
-creation of new markets
-hold odd government regulation
-improved efficiency
many critics argue that sustainable development is an ________ - ANSWER oxymoron
According to its advocates, what distinguishes the UN Sustainable Development Goals
from its predecessor, the UN Millennium Development Goals? - ANSWER -A concern
with non-material aspects of development
,-Its application to all countries, including wealthy industrialized ones
-A focus on environmental sustainability
-An emphasis on economic development through inclusive growth
The SDG consultation process has been praised by many for including actors and
organizations across business, government, and civil society. Critics, however, have
expressed concern about which businesses were chosen to be involved in this process.
Why is this the case? - ANSWER -Participating businesses were largely Western MNCs
-Participants were from a select few industries.
Within the SDG framework, business is increasingly positioned as a 'development
agent.' What does this mean? - ANSWER -An organization that is consciously engaged
in realizing development outcomes
According to supporters, what unique qualities can the private sector bring to
sustainable development processes? - ANSWER -Leadership capabilities and
worldwide reach
-Investment capital
-Innovation, wealth creation, income, and jobs.
Some environmentalists have argued that business is treating sustainability as a 'new
growth formula' and that this is a problem. What is their concern? - ANSWER -It fails to
address the role of business growth in creating the issues that the SDGs target
The SDGs centre the importance of cross-sectoral partnerships involving business.
What hidden challenges accompany these sorts of partnerships? - ANSWER
-Competing values and goals between stakeholders
-Unequal levels of power across stakeholders
The Open Working Group tasked with developing the SDGs initially put forth standalone
SDG targets for reducing tax dodging and other illicit financial flows. However, these
targets were greatly reduced in subsequent drafts of the SDGs. Why might this be the
case? - ANSWER Influence by private sector actors
, The private sector has been involved in discussions around sustainable development
long before 2015. However, with the SDGs, their involvement shifted. How so? -
ANSWER Business was to have an equal role with other sectors
The process to develop the UN SDGs emerged out of which UN conference on
sustainable development? - ANSWER Rio +20
According to the UN SDG framework, how can government best support private sector
initiatives to foster sustainable development? - ANSWER create an enabling
environment for business
what was the golden age of capitalism - ANSWER Industrialization, modernization and
integration into the global political economy
-Growth and employment in West, Europe, and parts of Asia
-However... exacerbation of structural problems (Growing gap between Global North
and Global South, Poverty and high-income inequality, Environmental devastation)
what was the Limits to Growth (1972) - ANSWER can we have exponential economic
and population growth on a planet with finite resources?
UN conference on the Human Environment (1972) - ANSWER -Established link between
economic growth, technological progress, and environmental consequences
-The Stockholm Declaration
UN Commission on Environment and Development aka what? - ANSWER (Brundtland
Commission) (1983)
what was said in the Brundtland Report (1987) - ANSWER Sustainable Development:
"Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own needs."
-Environmental degradation and lack of social and economic development can be
SOLUTIONS A+ GRADED!!
what do we mean by sustainable? - ANSWER -the capacity to support, maintain, or
endure; it can indicate both a goal and a process
-systems that remain diverse, robust, and productive over time and how this is a
necessary precondition for wellbeing of humans and other species
-societies, companies, and daily lives that are structured to protect the long-term future
of the planet and the ability of future generations to exist and thrive
-maintained at a certain rate or level, as in sustainable economic growth. It can also be
upheld or defended, as in sustainable definitions of good corporate practice.
3 pillars of sustianability - ANSWER the environmental, the social, and the economic
environmental sustainability - ANSWER protecting the planet
ex: limiting pollution, preserving biodiversity, and reducing carbon footprints
social sustainability - ANSWER fairness, dignity, and respect for all
ex: education, healthcare, equality, human rights
economic sustainability - ANSWER long-term economic growth based on free-market
capitalism without negatively impacting environmental and social aspects of community
if sustainability is an _______, the sustainable development is a _______. It's about
______/_________. - ANSWER outcome, process
time/temporality
what is the definition of sustainable development according to the Brundtland Report -
ANSWER development that meets the needs of present generations without
,compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
-A key policy goal of many international organizations (e.g, the United Nations, the
World Bank, the International MonetaryFund)
triple P - ANSWER people, planet, profit
what is a business - ANSWER a commercial enterprise, company, or firm involved in
the trade of products and services to customers for profits
why sustainable business? - ANSWER Business viewed with suspicion because of its
profit-oriented structure.
-Multinational corporations and global flows of capital have no allegiances to people and
planet in specific locales
-Dominant economic model of past 60 years holds that the business of business is
business.
-"There is one and only one social responsibility of business—to use its resources and
engage inactivities designed to increase its profits"(Friedman, 1962).
Why have businesses have moved toward greater social and environmental
sustainability over the years? - ANSWER -pressure from NGOs and activist groups
-consumer preferences
-greenwashing
-creation of new markets
-hold odd government regulation
-improved efficiency
many critics argue that sustainable development is an ________ - ANSWER oxymoron
According to its advocates, what distinguishes the UN Sustainable Development Goals
from its predecessor, the UN Millennium Development Goals? - ANSWER -A concern
with non-material aspects of development
,-Its application to all countries, including wealthy industrialized ones
-A focus on environmental sustainability
-An emphasis on economic development through inclusive growth
The SDG consultation process has been praised by many for including actors and
organizations across business, government, and civil society. Critics, however, have
expressed concern about which businesses were chosen to be involved in this process.
Why is this the case? - ANSWER -Participating businesses were largely Western MNCs
-Participants were from a select few industries.
Within the SDG framework, business is increasingly positioned as a 'development
agent.' What does this mean? - ANSWER -An organization that is consciously engaged
in realizing development outcomes
According to supporters, what unique qualities can the private sector bring to
sustainable development processes? - ANSWER -Leadership capabilities and
worldwide reach
-Investment capital
-Innovation, wealth creation, income, and jobs.
Some environmentalists have argued that business is treating sustainability as a 'new
growth formula' and that this is a problem. What is their concern? - ANSWER -It fails to
address the role of business growth in creating the issues that the SDGs target
The SDGs centre the importance of cross-sectoral partnerships involving business.
What hidden challenges accompany these sorts of partnerships? - ANSWER
-Competing values and goals between stakeholders
-Unequal levels of power across stakeholders
The Open Working Group tasked with developing the SDGs initially put forth standalone
SDG targets for reducing tax dodging and other illicit financial flows. However, these
targets were greatly reduced in subsequent drafts of the SDGs. Why might this be the
case? - ANSWER Influence by private sector actors
, The private sector has been involved in discussions around sustainable development
long before 2015. However, with the SDGs, their involvement shifted. How so? -
ANSWER Business was to have an equal role with other sectors
The process to develop the UN SDGs emerged out of which UN conference on
sustainable development? - ANSWER Rio +20
According to the UN SDG framework, how can government best support private sector
initiatives to foster sustainable development? - ANSWER create an enabling
environment for business
what was the golden age of capitalism - ANSWER Industrialization, modernization and
integration into the global political economy
-Growth and employment in West, Europe, and parts of Asia
-However... exacerbation of structural problems (Growing gap between Global North
and Global South, Poverty and high-income inequality, Environmental devastation)
what was the Limits to Growth (1972) - ANSWER can we have exponential economic
and population growth on a planet with finite resources?
UN conference on the Human Environment (1972) - ANSWER -Established link between
economic growth, technological progress, and environmental consequences
-The Stockholm Declaration
UN Commission on Environment and Development aka what? - ANSWER (Brundtland
Commission) (1983)
what was said in the Brundtland Report (1987) - ANSWER Sustainable Development:
"Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own needs."
-Environmental degradation and lack of social and economic development can be
