NCLEX Review questions (Mark K)
1st trimester weight gain? - ANS - 1 lb a month
-1-3 lbs total
**3-5 lbs also acceptable
0-12wks is first tri
\2nd/3rd trimester weight gain? - ANS - 1 lb/week
13-26 weeks is 2nd tri
>27 wks 3rd tri
\3 P's of nerve root compression (S/S) ? - ANS - -Pain
-Paresis= muscle weakness
-Paresthesia
\3 questions you need to ask when picking a child's toy or play activity? safety
considerations? - ANS - -is it safe?
-is it age appropriate?
-is it feasible?
Safety considerations
-no sm toys for children <4
-no metal toys if O2 is in use (no dye-casts)
-beware of fomites (stuff animals), hard plastic can be disinfected so better
***if kid immunosuppressed, need to pick hard plastic toy
\A 0-2 yr old is in what Paiget stage? - ANS - -Sensorimotor
-When: total present thinking (no past or future)
-What: Only teach what you do, while you do it
-How: Tell them directly
\A 12-15 yr old is in what Piaget stage? - ANS - -Formal operations
-Can abstract, understand cause and effect
-Can be taught like adults
-can manage their own care
>>first time child can manage their own care is age 12
\A 3-6 yr old is in what Piaget stage? - ANS - -Pre-operational
-Fantasy based, illogical, no reasoning
-When: teach just before (morning of)
-What: Teach what you are going to do
,-how:Learn through play
\A 49yr old alcoholic gets her 17yr old daughter to the store to buy alcohol for
her, is this okay?
a.) yes, its for her mom who is sick
b.) no, its dependence
c) yes, only if an adult is present
d) no, its manipulation - ANS - d) no, its manipulation
-b/c a 17 yr old buying alcohol is illegal which is harmful to her = manipulation
-if a spouse was asked, that is w/in age, the act would be dependency
\A 7-11 yr old is in what Piaget stage? - ANS - -Concrete operation (think of a 7-11
with concrete around it)
-Rule oriented (can't abstract)
-when: teach days ahead
-what: Teach what to do +skills
-how: Be age appropriate, use demonstrations
\A pt has pneumonia present in 4 lobes, they have a RR of 52, and a SpO2 of 78.
What acid-base imbalance is the patient exhibiting?
a) respiratory alkalosis
b) metabolic alkalosis
c) respiratory acidosis
d) metabolic acidosis - ANS - c) respiratory acidosis
-the rate is less important than the gas exchange, if the SpO2 is 78 then gas
exchange is not good and shows acidosis
-they are under ventilating, under = acidosis
-not about rate about SaO2 or SpO2
\A pt underwent a lumbar laminectomy 10 hours ago, whats the number one
problem you could expect?
a) airway
b) breathing
c) circulation
d) urinary retention - ANS - d) urinary retention
-complications of laminectomies all depend on the location, if a lumbar lam then
need to look for issues with the bladder and the legs
>>cervical: breathing and arms
>>thoracic: cough and bowels
\A student nurse runs to you and says they ran 1L of IV into the pt in 10 min b/c
they forgot to clamp it, what electrolyte imbalance to you expect to see? - ANS -
-hyponatremia
,**would be put on fluid restriction, has fluid overload
\A woman comes into the doctors off advising she had a positive reading on a
pregnancy test. Her last menstrual period was June 10th-June 15th. Calculate her
due date.
a) March 22nd
b) February 10th
c) March 17th
c) May 17th - ANS - c) March 17th
-add 7 days to the first day of the last menstrual cycle, then subtract 3 months
\A women is in her 28th week, she has gained 22lbs, what is your impression
a) she has average WG
b) she's underweight
c) she's overweight
d) need an assessment to gather more information - ANS - c) she's overweight
>>she should have gained 19 lbs
-to calculate weight gain, you take the number of weeks gestation and subtract 9,
that will give you the number of lbs supposed to be gained
**a women gains 3 lbs in the first tri and 1 lb/wk in the second and third
*****if the weight is 1-2 lbs off then that's okay, say w/in range
\A young boy with type one diabetes comes into the E.R. with a blood glucose of
800, what is the best question to ask his parents to determine the cause of the
DKA?
a) Has your child be involved in high activity today?
b) Did your child have an extra dose of insulin today?
c) Has your child had an URI in the last two weeks?
d) Did your child skip a meal today? - ANS - c) Has your child had an URI in the
last two weeks?
**(A) is correct but not the BEST answer, the most common cause of DKA is
upper respiratory infection
--the stress of the illness causes the body to break down fats, leading to ketones
--need to confirm with ketones in the blood, ketonuria can be present without
DKA so this is not diagnostic
\acetylsalicylic acid - ANS - AKA aspirin
- one of the most widely used analgesics, anti-inflammatories, and antipyretics
-associated with a lot of GI problems
- should be avoided by athletes in contact sports b/c it prolongs blood clotting
\Addisons Disease treatment? - ANS - glucocorticoids -
-think blood sugar monitoring and immunosuppression
, \adenosine - ANS - -Antiarrhythmic
-Use: atrial arrhythmias
-need to use IV push in 8 seconds
-pt can go into asytole but should come out of it
\After an amputation, for the first 24 hours, don't - ANS - -Put the leg under s
pillow, might cause contractures
\After week 12 you can subtract 9 to get appropriate weight gain.
(Think 9months) - ANS - Week
12 = 3 lbs
13 = 4 lbs
14 = 5 lbs
15 = 6 lbs
16 = 7 lbs
17 = 8 lbs
eg. week
14-9= 5lbs
28-9= 23 lbs
\All psych medications cause what? - ANS - Weight changes and low BP.
\Aminophylline therapeutic and toxic levels? - ANS - -therapeutic: 10-20
-toxic: >20
(Antispasmotic used for asthma)
**same class as theophyllline
\As a rule in shock - ANS - Anything that is a pressure goes down
Anything that is a RATE goes up
\Benzo SE? (ABCD) - ANS - A-nticholinergic effects
B-lured vision
C-onstipation
D-rowsiness
**#1 ND for benzos is safety
\Benzodiazepines - ANS - have -zep in middle of name (not always actually, all
end in -pam or -lam
-antianxiety med, minor tranqs
-lorazepam (ativan)
-diazepam (valium)
-clorazepam
-alprazolam (Xanex)
-flurazepam
1st trimester weight gain? - ANS - 1 lb a month
-1-3 lbs total
**3-5 lbs also acceptable
0-12wks is first tri
\2nd/3rd trimester weight gain? - ANS - 1 lb/week
13-26 weeks is 2nd tri
>27 wks 3rd tri
\3 P's of nerve root compression (S/S) ? - ANS - -Pain
-Paresis= muscle weakness
-Paresthesia
\3 questions you need to ask when picking a child's toy or play activity? safety
considerations? - ANS - -is it safe?
-is it age appropriate?
-is it feasible?
Safety considerations
-no sm toys for children <4
-no metal toys if O2 is in use (no dye-casts)
-beware of fomites (stuff animals), hard plastic can be disinfected so better
***if kid immunosuppressed, need to pick hard plastic toy
\A 0-2 yr old is in what Paiget stage? - ANS - -Sensorimotor
-When: total present thinking (no past or future)
-What: Only teach what you do, while you do it
-How: Tell them directly
\A 12-15 yr old is in what Piaget stage? - ANS - -Formal operations
-Can abstract, understand cause and effect
-Can be taught like adults
-can manage their own care
>>first time child can manage their own care is age 12
\A 3-6 yr old is in what Piaget stage? - ANS - -Pre-operational
-Fantasy based, illogical, no reasoning
-When: teach just before (morning of)
-What: Teach what you are going to do
,-how:Learn through play
\A 49yr old alcoholic gets her 17yr old daughter to the store to buy alcohol for
her, is this okay?
a.) yes, its for her mom who is sick
b.) no, its dependence
c) yes, only if an adult is present
d) no, its manipulation - ANS - d) no, its manipulation
-b/c a 17 yr old buying alcohol is illegal which is harmful to her = manipulation
-if a spouse was asked, that is w/in age, the act would be dependency
\A 7-11 yr old is in what Piaget stage? - ANS - -Concrete operation (think of a 7-11
with concrete around it)
-Rule oriented (can't abstract)
-when: teach days ahead
-what: Teach what to do +skills
-how: Be age appropriate, use demonstrations
\A pt has pneumonia present in 4 lobes, they have a RR of 52, and a SpO2 of 78.
What acid-base imbalance is the patient exhibiting?
a) respiratory alkalosis
b) metabolic alkalosis
c) respiratory acidosis
d) metabolic acidosis - ANS - c) respiratory acidosis
-the rate is less important than the gas exchange, if the SpO2 is 78 then gas
exchange is not good and shows acidosis
-they are under ventilating, under = acidosis
-not about rate about SaO2 or SpO2
\A pt underwent a lumbar laminectomy 10 hours ago, whats the number one
problem you could expect?
a) airway
b) breathing
c) circulation
d) urinary retention - ANS - d) urinary retention
-complications of laminectomies all depend on the location, if a lumbar lam then
need to look for issues with the bladder and the legs
>>cervical: breathing and arms
>>thoracic: cough and bowels
\A student nurse runs to you and says they ran 1L of IV into the pt in 10 min b/c
they forgot to clamp it, what electrolyte imbalance to you expect to see? - ANS -
-hyponatremia
,**would be put on fluid restriction, has fluid overload
\A woman comes into the doctors off advising she had a positive reading on a
pregnancy test. Her last menstrual period was June 10th-June 15th. Calculate her
due date.
a) March 22nd
b) February 10th
c) March 17th
c) May 17th - ANS - c) March 17th
-add 7 days to the first day of the last menstrual cycle, then subtract 3 months
\A women is in her 28th week, she has gained 22lbs, what is your impression
a) she has average WG
b) she's underweight
c) she's overweight
d) need an assessment to gather more information - ANS - c) she's overweight
>>she should have gained 19 lbs
-to calculate weight gain, you take the number of weeks gestation and subtract 9,
that will give you the number of lbs supposed to be gained
**a women gains 3 lbs in the first tri and 1 lb/wk in the second and third
*****if the weight is 1-2 lbs off then that's okay, say w/in range
\A young boy with type one diabetes comes into the E.R. with a blood glucose of
800, what is the best question to ask his parents to determine the cause of the
DKA?
a) Has your child be involved in high activity today?
b) Did your child have an extra dose of insulin today?
c) Has your child had an URI in the last two weeks?
d) Did your child skip a meal today? - ANS - c) Has your child had an URI in the
last two weeks?
**(A) is correct but not the BEST answer, the most common cause of DKA is
upper respiratory infection
--the stress of the illness causes the body to break down fats, leading to ketones
--need to confirm with ketones in the blood, ketonuria can be present without
DKA so this is not diagnostic
\acetylsalicylic acid - ANS - AKA aspirin
- one of the most widely used analgesics, anti-inflammatories, and antipyretics
-associated with a lot of GI problems
- should be avoided by athletes in contact sports b/c it prolongs blood clotting
\Addisons Disease treatment? - ANS - glucocorticoids -
-think blood sugar monitoring and immunosuppression
, \adenosine - ANS - -Antiarrhythmic
-Use: atrial arrhythmias
-need to use IV push in 8 seconds
-pt can go into asytole but should come out of it
\After an amputation, for the first 24 hours, don't - ANS - -Put the leg under s
pillow, might cause contractures
\After week 12 you can subtract 9 to get appropriate weight gain.
(Think 9months) - ANS - Week
12 = 3 lbs
13 = 4 lbs
14 = 5 lbs
15 = 6 lbs
16 = 7 lbs
17 = 8 lbs
eg. week
14-9= 5lbs
28-9= 23 lbs
\All psych medications cause what? - ANS - Weight changes and low BP.
\Aminophylline therapeutic and toxic levels? - ANS - -therapeutic: 10-20
-toxic: >20
(Antispasmotic used for asthma)
**same class as theophyllline
\As a rule in shock - ANS - Anything that is a pressure goes down
Anything that is a RATE goes up
\Benzo SE? (ABCD) - ANS - A-nticholinergic effects
B-lured vision
C-onstipation
D-rowsiness
**#1 ND for benzos is safety
\Benzodiazepines - ANS - have -zep in middle of name (not always actually, all
end in -pam or -lam
-antianxiety med, minor tranqs
-lorazepam (ativan)
-diazepam (valium)
-clorazepam
-alprazolam (Xanex)
-flurazepam
