BSC1005 - Chapter 2 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Matter - CORRECT ANSWER - Anything that takes up space and has mass
Element - CORRECT ANSWER - A substance that cannot be broken down into another
substance by ordinary chemical means. Smallest units that can make up matter.
- Only 92 naturally occurring elements
Four elements make up about 96% of the body weight of most living organisms - CORRECT
ANSWER - carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
Atomic structure - CORRECT ANSWER - What an Atom looks like
Atomic theory - CORRECT ANSWER - States that elements consist of atoms
Atomic Chemical symbol - CORRECT ANSWER - This is the name of the atom or
element
Subatomic elements: What makes up an atom - CORRECT ANSWER - Neutrons—no
electrical charge, found in nucleus
Protons—positive charge + , found in nucleus
Electrons—negative charge - , found outside of nucleus
Atomic number - CORRECT ANSWER - The number of protons in an atom is the Atomic
Number.
• Because an atom is neutral in charge, the Protons always equal the Electrons. So you can derive
the # of electrons from this number as well.
, Atomic Mass Number - CORRECT ANSWER - Equal to sum of protons and neutrons.
So P + N = Mass Number
Periodic table - CORRECT ANSWER - • Elements' chemical and physical characteristics
recur in a predictable manner
• Atoms are arranged in periods (rows) and groups (columns)
Isotopes - CORRECT ANSWER - • Atoms of the same element that differ in the number
of neutrons
• Isotopes have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons (different mass
numbers)
• Unstable and may decay, emitting radiation
• Radioactive isotope behavior is essentially the same as a stable isotope of same element
The arrangement of electrons - CORRECT ANSWER - • Very important!
• Electrons are constantly moving.
• It is useful to construct models of atoms with energy levels or electron shells to understand how
the atom will behave around other atoms
• Each shell contains a certain number of electrons.
• For the atoms we will draw in this class:
- 2 electrons fill first shell
- 8 electrons fill each additional shell
• Chemical properties of atoms are largely determined by the arrangement of their electrons.
How to draw Electron configuration of an atom - CORRECT ANSWER - • Electrons are
found around the nucleus of an atom.
• Electrons are drawn in "shells" around the atom.
• Electron configuration (where they are) determines how an atom/element behaves.
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Matter - CORRECT ANSWER - Anything that takes up space and has mass
Element - CORRECT ANSWER - A substance that cannot be broken down into another
substance by ordinary chemical means. Smallest units that can make up matter.
- Only 92 naturally occurring elements
Four elements make up about 96% of the body weight of most living organisms - CORRECT
ANSWER - carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
Atomic structure - CORRECT ANSWER - What an Atom looks like
Atomic theory - CORRECT ANSWER - States that elements consist of atoms
Atomic Chemical symbol - CORRECT ANSWER - This is the name of the atom or
element
Subatomic elements: What makes up an atom - CORRECT ANSWER - Neutrons—no
electrical charge, found in nucleus
Protons—positive charge + , found in nucleus
Electrons—negative charge - , found outside of nucleus
Atomic number - CORRECT ANSWER - The number of protons in an atom is the Atomic
Number.
• Because an atom is neutral in charge, the Protons always equal the Electrons. So you can derive
the # of electrons from this number as well.
, Atomic Mass Number - CORRECT ANSWER - Equal to sum of protons and neutrons.
So P + N = Mass Number
Periodic table - CORRECT ANSWER - • Elements' chemical and physical characteristics
recur in a predictable manner
• Atoms are arranged in periods (rows) and groups (columns)
Isotopes - CORRECT ANSWER - • Atoms of the same element that differ in the number
of neutrons
• Isotopes have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons (different mass
numbers)
• Unstable and may decay, emitting radiation
• Radioactive isotope behavior is essentially the same as a stable isotope of same element
The arrangement of electrons - CORRECT ANSWER - • Very important!
• Electrons are constantly moving.
• It is useful to construct models of atoms with energy levels or electron shells to understand how
the atom will behave around other atoms
• Each shell contains a certain number of electrons.
• For the atoms we will draw in this class:
- 2 electrons fill first shell
- 8 electrons fill each additional shell
• Chemical properties of atoms are largely determined by the arrangement of their electrons.
How to draw Electron configuration of an atom - CORRECT ANSWER - • Electrons are
found around the nucleus of an atom.
• Electrons are drawn in "shells" around the atom.
• Electron configuration (where they are) determines how an atom/element behaves.
