A&E II Exam 2 questions with correct answers
HF Risk Factors - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔CAD (smoking obesity), Valvular
disease, Age, HTN, High Cholesterol, AA
Cardiac Output Factors - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Heart rate, Preload, Afterload,
Contractility, Metabolism
Systolic HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔most common, difficulty ejecting blood, ↓ EF
<50 caused by MI
Diastolic HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔LV can't relax and is not filled appropriately
r/t HTN and CAD in women and older adults; normal EF
Mixed Systolic and Diastolic HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔r/t cardiomyopathy,
biventricular failure, extremely ↓ EF
compensated by ventricular dilation, hypertrophy and remodeling
Increased SNS stimulation
Left-sided HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔most common; back up into lungs
pulmonary edema, tachycardia, orthopnea, crackles
Right-sided HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔back flow to right atrium and venous
circulation
RIGHT DOWN EXCEPT JUGULAR VEIN
,peripheral edema, ascites, jugular vein
increased venous pressure
Clinical Manifestations of Pulmonary Edema - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Pink
sputum, tachypnea, tachycardia
Crackles not cleared with cough
Heaves/ Lift in HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔put ball of hand on 3rd to 5th
intercostal space
S4 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔always abnormal
PMI displaced to the left - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔in HF when hypertrophy
Clinical Manifestations of HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Nocturia, Chest pain,
Fatigue, Agitation, Dusky skin, Tachycardia
HF Complications - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Pleural effusion, arrhythmias, left
ventricular thrombus, hepatomegaly, pulmonary HTN
HF Diagnostic - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ABG, Chest X Ray (enlargement), ECG
(arrhythmia), Echo (EF), BNP
Decrease Venous Return in HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔improve LV function by
decreasing preload/venous return
LASIX and High Fowler
, Decrease Afterload in HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔NIPRIDE to vasodilate
Nesiritide to decrease preload and afterload
decrease pulmonary congestion
Morphine for HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔decreases workload of heart
Digoxin - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔hypokalemia --> risk for digitalis toxicity
similar to Primacor or Dobutamine
St. John wort and antacid decrease absorption
DON'T GIVE WITH AMIODARONE
Meds for HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔HTN drugs (ACE -prils, ARBS -sartan)
Inotropic drugs (Digoxin, PDE III Inhibitor primacor)
Diuretics
Anticoagulants (Warfarin)
Nutrition for HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔sodium restriction
3 lbs a week, or 1-2 lbs overnight REPORT
Fibroadenoma - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔benign, easily moveable, nontender,
clearly delineated most common in upper outer quadrant and female productive
years
HF Risk Factors - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔CAD (smoking obesity), Valvular
disease, Age, HTN, High Cholesterol, AA
Cardiac Output Factors - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Heart rate, Preload, Afterload,
Contractility, Metabolism
Systolic HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔most common, difficulty ejecting blood, ↓ EF
<50 caused by MI
Diastolic HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔LV can't relax and is not filled appropriately
r/t HTN and CAD in women and older adults; normal EF
Mixed Systolic and Diastolic HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔r/t cardiomyopathy,
biventricular failure, extremely ↓ EF
compensated by ventricular dilation, hypertrophy and remodeling
Increased SNS stimulation
Left-sided HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔most common; back up into lungs
pulmonary edema, tachycardia, orthopnea, crackles
Right-sided HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔back flow to right atrium and venous
circulation
RIGHT DOWN EXCEPT JUGULAR VEIN
,peripheral edema, ascites, jugular vein
increased venous pressure
Clinical Manifestations of Pulmonary Edema - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Pink
sputum, tachypnea, tachycardia
Crackles not cleared with cough
Heaves/ Lift in HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔put ball of hand on 3rd to 5th
intercostal space
S4 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔always abnormal
PMI displaced to the left - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔in HF when hypertrophy
Clinical Manifestations of HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Nocturia, Chest pain,
Fatigue, Agitation, Dusky skin, Tachycardia
HF Complications - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Pleural effusion, arrhythmias, left
ventricular thrombus, hepatomegaly, pulmonary HTN
HF Diagnostic - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔ABG, Chest X Ray (enlargement), ECG
(arrhythmia), Echo (EF), BNP
Decrease Venous Return in HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔improve LV function by
decreasing preload/venous return
LASIX and High Fowler
, Decrease Afterload in HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔NIPRIDE to vasodilate
Nesiritide to decrease preload and afterload
decrease pulmonary congestion
Morphine for HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔decreases workload of heart
Digoxin - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔hypokalemia --> risk for digitalis toxicity
similar to Primacor or Dobutamine
St. John wort and antacid decrease absorption
DON'T GIVE WITH AMIODARONE
Meds for HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔HTN drugs (ACE -prils, ARBS -sartan)
Inotropic drugs (Digoxin, PDE III Inhibitor primacor)
Diuretics
Anticoagulants (Warfarin)
Nutrition for HF - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔sodium restriction
3 lbs a week, or 1-2 lbs overnight REPORT
Fibroadenoma - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔benign, easily moveable, nontender,
clearly delineated most common in upper outer quadrant and female productive
years
