Biology EOC Study Guide Questions
and Answers 100% Pass
1. The model below represents a cell membrane. What is the role of ATP in this
process? - ✔✔provide energy for the active transport of molecules across the cell
membrane
2. If a cell is in an environment that has a greater concentration of salt than the
cytoplasm inside the cell, the cell will most likely: - ✔✔lose water
3. What is the function of the cellular structure labeled "A" in the diagram below. -
✔✔breaks down food to release energy
4. Which of the following is an example of molecular synthesis within a cell? -
✔✔glucose bonding to form starch
5. A paramecium maintains homeostasis in a hypotonic environment by allowing water
to diffuse into the cell and contracting its vacuole to pump water out of the cell. Based
on this information, which of the following is true? - ✔✔More energy is required for the
cell to maintain homeostasis in a hyper tonic environment
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,6. Glucose is a sugar that plays an important role in both plant and animal cells. Which
statement best describes the role of glucose? - ✔✔Glucose is synthesized during
photosynthesis in plant cells.
7. What would be a possible description for the letters A, B, and C in the diagram
comparing viruses and cells? - ✔✔A - protein coat; B - nucleic acids; C - nucleus
8. Viral reproduction can be simplified in the following sequence. What process is
missing from this descriptive model? - ✔✔the virus releases its nucleic acids
9. Scientists are able to determine that a disease has the following characteristics:
• no self-metabolic p rocess
• rapid reproduction
• does not respond t o antibiotics
Which of the following answer choices is a possible identification of this disease? -
✔✔influenza
10. HIV only effects humans because: - ✔✔the virus targets human T-cells as its host cell
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,11. Mr. Katz researches information on how virus and bacteria compare with one
another. Which of the following would be a true generalization? - ✔✔Bacteria and
viruses reproduce using genetic coding found in nucleic acids.
12. In the chart comparing the structure of viruses and cells, which best fits the missing
description? - ✔✔protein coat
tiny non-living structure that depends on a host cell to reproduce - ✔✔Virus
Supports and protects cell membrane in plant cells - ✔✔Cell wall
simple cells without organelles - ✔✔Prokaryotic
Specialized functional bodies within the cytoplasm of a cell - ✔✔Organelles
regulation of conditions within a cell which allows for stable equilibrium -
✔✔Homeostasis
Organelle that holds water; particularly large in plant cells - ✔✔Vaculoe
Complex cells containing organelles with specific functions - ✔✔Eukaryotic
Controls the cell's activities; contains the cell's DNA - ✔✔Nucleus
Solution with a relatively higher solute concentration (such as salt) - ✔✔Hypotonic
contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis in plant cells - ✔✔chloroplast
solution with a relatively lower solute concentration (such as salt) - ✔✔Hypotonic
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, diffusion of a substance across a cell membrane requiring no energy - ✔✔Passive
transport
a biological molecule, such as DNA or RNA, that contain genetic coding - ✔✔nucleic
acids
suspends organelles in a eukaryotic cell; enclosed by the cell membrane - ✔✔cytoplasm
a particular type of cell that is targeted by a virus for reproduction - ✔✔host cell
the tendency of a substance to move from a higher concentration to lower concentration
- ✔✔diffusion
movement of a substance across a cell membrane requiring the use of energy - ✔✔active
transport
organelle responsible for breaking down food into energy - ✔✔mitochondria
controls what leaves and enters the cell; maintains homeostasis - ✔✔cell membrane
1. A human cell undergoes the following processes.
• Chromatin condens es into chromosomes.
• The chromosomes align in the middle of cell.
• The chromosomal sets are pulled to opposite ends of the sets.
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and Answers 100% Pass
1. The model below represents a cell membrane. What is the role of ATP in this
process? - ✔✔provide energy for the active transport of molecules across the cell
membrane
2. If a cell is in an environment that has a greater concentration of salt than the
cytoplasm inside the cell, the cell will most likely: - ✔✔lose water
3. What is the function of the cellular structure labeled "A" in the diagram below. -
✔✔breaks down food to release energy
4. Which of the following is an example of molecular synthesis within a cell? -
✔✔glucose bonding to form starch
5. A paramecium maintains homeostasis in a hypotonic environment by allowing water
to diffuse into the cell and contracting its vacuole to pump water out of the cell. Based
on this information, which of the following is true? - ✔✔More energy is required for the
cell to maintain homeostasis in a hyper tonic environment
100% Pass Guarantee Sophia Bennett, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
,6. Glucose is a sugar that plays an important role in both plant and animal cells. Which
statement best describes the role of glucose? - ✔✔Glucose is synthesized during
photosynthesis in plant cells.
7. What would be a possible description for the letters A, B, and C in the diagram
comparing viruses and cells? - ✔✔A - protein coat; B - nucleic acids; C - nucleus
8. Viral reproduction can be simplified in the following sequence. What process is
missing from this descriptive model? - ✔✔the virus releases its nucleic acids
9. Scientists are able to determine that a disease has the following characteristics:
• no self-metabolic p rocess
• rapid reproduction
• does not respond t o antibiotics
Which of the following answer choices is a possible identification of this disease? -
✔✔influenza
10. HIV only effects humans because: - ✔✔the virus targets human T-cells as its host cell
100% Pass Guarantee Sophia Bennett, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
,11. Mr. Katz researches information on how virus and bacteria compare with one
another. Which of the following would be a true generalization? - ✔✔Bacteria and
viruses reproduce using genetic coding found in nucleic acids.
12. In the chart comparing the structure of viruses and cells, which best fits the missing
description? - ✔✔protein coat
tiny non-living structure that depends on a host cell to reproduce - ✔✔Virus
Supports and protects cell membrane in plant cells - ✔✔Cell wall
simple cells without organelles - ✔✔Prokaryotic
Specialized functional bodies within the cytoplasm of a cell - ✔✔Organelles
regulation of conditions within a cell which allows for stable equilibrium -
✔✔Homeostasis
Organelle that holds water; particularly large in plant cells - ✔✔Vaculoe
Complex cells containing organelles with specific functions - ✔✔Eukaryotic
Controls the cell's activities; contains the cell's DNA - ✔✔Nucleus
Solution with a relatively higher solute concentration (such as salt) - ✔✔Hypotonic
contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis in plant cells - ✔✔chloroplast
solution with a relatively lower solute concentration (such as salt) - ✔✔Hypotonic
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, diffusion of a substance across a cell membrane requiring no energy - ✔✔Passive
transport
a biological molecule, such as DNA or RNA, that contain genetic coding - ✔✔nucleic
acids
suspends organelles in a eukaryotic cell; enclosed by the cell membrane - ✔✔cytoplasm
a particular type of cell that is targeted by a virus for reproduction - ✔✔host cell
the tendency of a substance to move from a higher concentration to lower concentration
- ✔✔diffusion
movement of a substance across a cell membrane requiring the use of energy - ✔✔active
transport
organelle responsible for breaking down food into energy - ✔✔mitochondria
controls what leaves and enters the cell; maintains homeostasis - ✔✔cell membrane
1. A human cell undergoes the following processes.
• Chromatin condens es into chromosomes.
• The chromosomes align in the middle of cell.
• The chromosomal sets are pulled to opposite ends of the sets.
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