South Carolina Biology EOC Review
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Observation - ✔✔process of gathering information about events or processes in an
orderly way
Data - ✔✔info gathered from observations
What must a hypothesis be? - ✔✔Testable
monomers - ✔✔basic unit of macromolecules
polymers - ✔✔a large molecule formed by attaching many molecules together
what are monosaccharides - ✔✔has one monomer; carbohydrate
denatured - ✔✔to become inactive; refers to a protein
substrate - ✔✔the reactants of an enzyme reaction
cell theory - ✔✔1. all living things are made of cells
2. basic unit of structure and function in living things
3. new cells are produced from existing cells
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,cell wall - ✔✔surrounds cell membrane in plants; rigid
cell membrane - ✔✔A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave
the cell.
nucleus - ✔✔contains the cell's DNA
ribosomes - ✔✔involved in protein synthesis
chloroplast - ✔✔Site of photosynthesis; contains chlorophyll
nucleus - ✔✔A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth
and reproduction
lysosomes - ✔✔contains digestive enzymes
Golgi apparatus (Golgi complex, Golgi bodies) - ✔✔process and packages proteins and
other substances
flagella - ✔✔whip like structure used for movement
nucleolus - ✔✔makes ribosmal RNA
cilia - ✔✔hairlike structures on the outer surface of the cell; used for movement
characteristics of viruses - ✔✔1. too small to be seen with a light microscope
2. capsid surrounds the genetic material
3. contain nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)
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, 4. no nucleus
5. do not have membrane bound organelles
6. not a cell; not considered living
7. cannot reproduce by themselves
what two organelles are not in animal cells - ✔✔cell wall and chloroplast
homeostasis - ✔✔balanced internal condition of cells or maintain a relatively constant
internal environment even though the external environment is changing
describe the polar and non polar regions of the phospholipid layer - ✔✔polar heads are
hydrophilic "water loving"
non polar tails are hydrophobic "water fearing"
why is the cell membrane considered to be a bilipid layer - ✔✔it is made of two layers
of phospholipids
semipermeable or selectively permeable membrane - ✔✔will let certain things across
but not all things
What will not go across the cell membrane - ✔✔large molecules such as proteins do not
move through the membrane on their own
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Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Observation - ✔✔process of gathering information about events or processes in an
orderly way
Data - ✔✔info gathered from observations
What must a hypothesis be? - ✔✔Testable
monomers - ✔✔basic unit of macromolecules
polymers - ✔✔a large molecule formed by attaching many molecules together
what are monosaccharides - ✔✔has one monomer; carbohydrate
denatured - ✔✔to become inactive; refers to a protein
substrate - ✔✔the reactants of an enzyme reaction
cell theory - ✔✔1. all living things are made of cells
2. basic unit of structure and function in living things
3. new cells are produced from existing cells
100% Pass Guarantee Sophia Bennett, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
,cell wall - ✔✔surrounds cell membrane in plants; rigid
cell membrane - ✔✔A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave
the cell.
nucleus - ✔✔contains the cell's DNA
ribosomes - ✔✔involved in protein synthesis
chloroplast - ✔✔Site of photosynthesis; contains chlorophyll
nucleus - ✔✔A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth
and reproduction
lysosomes - ✔✔contains digestive enzymes
Golgi apparatus (Golgi complex, Golgi bodies) - ✔✔process and packages proteins and
other substances
flagella - ✔✔whip like structure used for movement
nucleolus - ✔✔makes ribosmal RNA
cilia - ✔✔hairlike structures on the outer surface of the cell; used for movement
characteristics of viruses - ✔✔1. too small to be seen with a light microscope
2. capsid surrounds the genetic material
3. contain nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)
100% Pass Guarantee Sophia Bennett, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
, 4. no nucleus
5. do not have membrane bound organelles
6. not a cell; not considered living
7. cannot reproduce by themselves
what two organelles are not in animal cells - ✔✔cell wall and chloroplast
homeostasis - ✔✔balanced internal condition of cells or maintain a relatively constant
internal environment even though the external environment is changing
describe the polar and non polar regions of the phospholipid layer - ✔✔polar heads are
hydrophilic "water loving"
non polar tails are hydrophobic "water fearing"
why is the cell membrane considered to be a bilipid layer - ✔✔it is made of two layers
of phospholipids
semipermeable or selectively permeable membrane - ✔✔will let certain things across
but not all things
What will not go across the cell membrane - ✔✔large molecules such as proteins do not
move through the membrane on their own
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