Biology NC EOC Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
Activation Energy - ✔✔The amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction.
Amino Acid - ✔✔Monomer (building block) of a protein.
Carbohydrate - ✔✔Monosaccharide formed mainly of carbon.
Main source of energy for the cell.
Example: glucose
Catalyst - ✔✔Lowers the activation energy needed and speeds up the reaction.
Enzymes are a biological catalyst.
Enzyme - ✔✔Made up of protein and can act as a biological catalyst.
They have an active site where a substrate binds.
Lipid - ✔✔Made up of 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids.
Are used for long term energy storage.
Make up the phospholipid bilayer of the cell.
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,Monosaccharide - ✔✔Simple sugars.
Building blocks (monomer) of carbohydrates
Examples include: glucose and sucrose
Nucleic Acids - ✔✔Made up of nucleotides.
Their function is to store genetic information in the form of DNA and RNA.
Protein - ✔✔Built from amino acids at the ribosomes with instructions transcribed from
RNA.
Make up enzymes and cell structures.
Cell Theory - ✔✔All living things are made of cells;
All cells come from other cells;
Cells are the basic structure and function of an organism.
Differentiation - ✔✔When undifferentiated stem cells are converted to a specific cell
type.
Eukaryote - ✔✔Large, complex cells that contain a nucleus and membrane bound
organelles.
Multicellular Organisms - ✔✔Organisms composed of many cells (Ex. tissue, humans,
etc.)
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, Organelles - ✔✔Small structures that perform various functions inside the cell
Prokaryote - ✔✔Small, simple cells with no nucleus or membrane bound organelles.
Stem Cells - ✔✔Undifferentiated cells
Unicellular Organism - ✔✔Organisms composed of only one cell (Ex. Bacteria)
Passive Transport - ✔✔Transport of materials across the plasma membrane, with the
concentration gradient.
Ex: Osmosis, Diffusion, and Facilitated Diffusion
Diffusion - ✔✔Passive transport of molecules across a membrane from high
concentrations to low concentrations
Osmosis - ✔✔Passive transport of WATER from high to low concentrations across a
plasma membrane
Facilitated Diffusion - ✔✔Passive transport using transport proteins to help move
material across the plasma membrane from high concentration to low concentration
Homeostasis - ✔✔Balanced internal conditions
Active Transport - ✔✔Requires energy (ATP) to move molecules across the cell
membrane, using proteins and pumps, agaisnt the concentration gradient (low to high)
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Answers 100% Pass
Activation Energy - ✔✔The amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction.
Amino Acid - ✔✔Monomer (building block) of a protein.
Carbohydrate - ✔✔Monosaccharide formed mainly of carbon.
Main source of energy for the cell.
Example: glucose
Catalyst - ✔✔Lowers the activation energy needed and speeds up the reaction.
Enzymes are a biological catalyst.
Enzyme - ✔✔Made up of protein and can act as a biological catalyst.
They have an active site where a substrate binds.
Lipid - ✔✔Made up of 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids.
Are used for long term energy storage.
Make up the phospholipid bilayer of the cell.
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,Monosaccharide - ✔✔Simple sugars.
Building blocks (monomer) of carbohydrates
Examples include: glucose and sucrose
Nucleic Acids - ✔✔Made up of nucleotides.
Their function is to store genetic information in the form of DNA and RNA.
Protein - ✔✔Built from amino acids at the ribosomes with instructions transcribed from
RNA.
Make up enzymes and cell structures.
Cell Theory - ✔✔All living things are made of cells;
All cells come from other cells;
Cells are the basic structure and function of an organism.
Differentiation - ✔✔When undifferentiated stem cells are converted to a specific cell
type.
Eukaryote - ✔✔Large, complex cells that contain a nucleus and membrane bound
organelles.
Multicellular Organisms - ✔✔Organisms composed of many cells (Ex. tissue, humans,
etc.)
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, Organelles - ✔✔Small structures that perform various functions inside the cell
Prokaryote - ✔✔Small, simple cells with no nucleus or membrane bound organelles.
Stem Cells - ✔✔Undifferentiated cells
Unicellular Organism - ✔✔Organisms composed of only one cell (Ex. Bacteria)
Passive Transport - ✔✔Transport of materials across the plasma membrane, with the
concentration gradient.
Ex: Osmosis, Diffusion, and Facilitated Diffusion
Diffusion - ✔✔Passive transport of molecules across a membrane from high
concentrations to low concentrations
Osmosis - ✔✔Passive transport of WATER from high to low concentrations across a
plasma membrane
Facilitated Diffusion - ✔✔Passive transport using transport proteins to help move
material across the plasma membrane from high concentration to low concentration
Homeostasis - ✔✔Balanced internal conditions
Active Transport - ✔✔Requires energy (ATP) to move molecules across the cell
membrane, using proteins and pumps, agaisnt the concentration gradient (low to high)
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