Ohio Biology EOC Review Questions
and Answers 100% Pass
What are genes? - ✔✔Genes are sections of DNA that control a single genetic trait and
code for a protein.
What is differentiation of cells? - ✔✔cells change to become different types of cells with
specific jobs
Why do cells differentiate? - ✔✔to become specialized in structure and function,
different genes are used in different cells.
What is the central dogma of molecular biology? - ✔✔DNA -> RNA -> Protein
What process makes mRNA? - ✔✔transcription
What process makes proteins? - ✔✔translation
Name the base pairs in DNA - ✔✔A-T
G-C
Name the base pairs in RNA - ✔✔A + U, C + G
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, What determines the shape of a protein? - ✔✔sequence of amino acids
Crossing over is - ✔✔Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of
their chromatids during meiosis.
Independent assortment - ✔✔Independent segregation of chromosomes during the
formation of gametes
Which mutations are cause larger changes to a protein? - ✔✔Frameshift mutations,
insertion/deletion.
Why is a DNA mutation harmful? - ✔✔A mRNA sequence will always have the
mutation. A mutation on mRNA isn't as bad, as mRNA can be repaired if damaged.
Is DNA identical in all cells of an individual? - ✔✔Yes!
Complete dominance - ✔✔a relationship in which one allele is completely dominant
over another
Incomplete dominance - ✔✔Situation in which one allele is not completely dominant
over another allele, causing a mix of traits.
Codominance - ✔✔A condition in which neither of two alleles of a gene is dominant or
recessive, and both traits are expressed.
Sex-linked traits - ✔✔Traits controlled by genes located on sex chromosomes.
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and Answers 100% Pass
What are genes? - ✔✔Genes are sections of DNA that control a single genetic trait and
code for a protein.
What is differentiation of cells? - ✔✔cells change to become different types of cells with
specific jobs
Why do cells differentiate? - ✔✔to become specialized in structure and function,
different genes are used in different cells.
What is the central dogma of molecular biology? - ✔✔DNA -> RNA -> Protein
What process makes mRNA? - ✔✔transcription
What process makes proteins? - ✔✔translation
Name the base pairs in DNA - ✔✔A-T
G-C
Name the base pairs in RNA - ✔✔A + U, C + G
100% Pass Guarantee Sophia Bennett, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
, What determines the shape of a protein? - ✔✔sequence of amino acids
Crossing over is - ✔✔Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of
their chromatids during meiosis.
Independent assortment - ✔✔Independent segregation of chromosomes during the
formation of gametes
Which mutations are cause larger changes to a protein? - ✔✔Frameshift mutations,
insertion/deletion.
Why is a DNA mutation harmful? - ✔✔A mRNA sequence will always have the
mutation. A mutation on mRNA isn't as bad, as mRNA can be repaired if damaged.
Is DNA identical in all cells of an individual? - ✔✔Yes!
Complete dominance - ✔✔a relationship in which one allele is completely dominant
over another
Incomplete dominance - ✔✔Situation in which one allele is not completely dominant
over another allele, causing a mix of traits.
Codominance - ✔✔A condition in which neither of two alleles of a gene is dominant or
recessive, and both traits are expressed.
Sex-linked traits - ✔✔Traits controlled by genes located on sex chromosomes.
100% Pass Guarantee Sophia Bennett, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
