Soc 215 Quiz 1 Practice Exam Questions And Verified Detailed Answers A+ Score.

The essentialist perspective - correct answer -racial categories represent clear and unchanging differences -differences are absolute and immutable The constructionist perspective - correct answer -Race and ethnicity are socially defined -categories and meaning can change over time( political factors can change how we imagine these categories over time) 6 Official racial categories - correct answer 1. American Indian or alaskan native 2. Asian 3. Black 4. Native Hawaiian or other pacific islander 5. White 6. Other race true or false:Historically in the U.S race is categorical - correct answer true Double Consciousness - correct answer two identities that Americans experience. They see themselves as Americans (positive), but also through the prospective of whites (negative). Melanin - correct answer -give skin its color/pigment -purpose is to protect from the harmful effects of the sun (sunburn, skin cancer, ect.) Why is more melanin produced at lower latitudes? - correct answer -more sun exposure by the equator which means you need more melanin to protect you, which equates to darker skin Medical conditions associated with vitamin D deficiency (associated with less melanin aka lighter skin color) - correct answer -rickets, osteomalacia Why is the correlation between skin color and latitude not perfect? - correct answer Outside factors such as diet, cloud cover, ect. How did cultural selection play a role in changeover from dark to light skin in Europe? - correct answer If a parent had to chose, they would nourish a lighter skinned child more because they were thought to be stronger/ taller. What does the author mean when he says near the equator, "black is beautiful" - correct answer -lower risk of skin cancer True or False: In ancient world, race was a major focus of ones identity - correct answer FASLE- the major focus of identity was associated instead with kinship and religion True or false: Classification into ethnic group was absent from the ancient world - correct answer True-unequally ranked categories based on physical traits did not exist) Racialist views - correct answer emerged during the European age of exploration (1500's and 1600's) True or False: White servants and black servants lived in harmony during the colonial period (even married and ran away together) - correct answer True what happened when the slave system was formalized? - correct answer whites were given token privileges (a psychological wage) creating a divide between the races psychological wage - correct answer psychological benefits rather than material resources ex:whites being given token privileges in order to create social passivity " I may be poor but at least I am not black" Jim Crow Era - correct answer Civil war- 1965 - a system of black and white segregation Red Scott V Sanford - correct answer -1857 -Supreme Court ruling stating that Blacks are the inferior race and have no rights as citizens civil war era - correct answer () resulted in the 13th amendment, ending slavery Reconstruction period - correct answer () -federal troops occupied the south during this period to protect the rights of former slaves Post reconstruction - correct answer (1877) federal troops were removed and old system of repression resumed -blacks were disenfranchised (denied the right to vote) Plessy v. Ferguson - correct answer a 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal "separate but equal is perfectly legal" Negro motorist greenbook - correct answer - a travel guide listing businesses that would serve black customers System of racial etiquette - correct answer a system of do's and don'ts that African americans knew to follow in order to stay out of trouble