GEOLOGY 101 - EXAM 1 REVIEW
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
Which term means essentially the same thing as "divergent boundary" - ANSWER-
Spreading Center
Shallow earthquakes on a Benioff Zone originate beneath the position marked -
ANSWER-X - Line looks like A ->\x<- B
An easy and reliable way to distinguish a chuck with white quartz from a chunk of white
gypsum is to - ANSWER-Do a hardness test
Calcite belongs to which group of minerals - ANSWER-Carbonates
If you notice that a sample reflects light much like glass does, you have observed which
category of physical property - ANSWER-Luster
If you notice that a mineral sample seems unusually heavy for its size, which category
of physical property have you observed? - ANSWER-Specific Gravity (Density)
The acid-neutralizing ingredient in Tums and other conventional antacids is a man-
made version of - ANSWER-Calcite
The class of minerals known as the Silicates is subdivided into - ANSWER-
Ferromagnesian and Non-Ferromagnesian
The Mohs Scale is used for - ANSWER-Finding the hardness of a mineral
The most common mineral group in Earth's crust is - ANSWER-Feldspar
The vast majority of minerals in earth's crust are - ANSWER-Silicates
Which of these has an internal structure based on stacked sheets of silicon-oxygen
tetrahedra - ANSWER-Biotite
Which of these is a mineral with conchoidal fracture - ANSWER-Quartz
If a mineral has cleavage, it does so because - ANSWER-Bonds between atoms are
weak in certain consistent orientations in the mineral
Which of these is sodium-rich Plagioclase Feldspar? - ANSWER-NaAlSi3O8
Which of these fizzes readily when a drop of acid is applied - ANSWER-Calcite
, Which of these is a Non-Ferromagnesian Silicate mineral - ANSWER-Plagioclase
Feldspar
Which of these is a mineral belonging to the Sulfide group - ANSWER-Pyrite
T/F - Ferromagnesian Silicates tend to be dark colored - ANSWER-True
T/F - The Silicon-Oxygen tetrahedron is made of a small silicon atom surrounded by
four much larger oxygen atoms - ANSWER-True
Near Earth's surface, the continental crust is essentially - ANSWER-Granitic
Phaneritic rocks are - ANSWER-Plutonic
Plutonic rocks can be distinguished from volcanic rocks by their different - ANSWER-
Textures
Which of these factors most strongly influences the texture of an igneous rock -
ANSWER-Rate at which magma cools
Name the mineral group missing from the diagram
Olivine -> ? -> Amphibole -> Biotite - ANSWER-Pyroxene
The plutonic rock whose composition is indicated by the region of the diagram
? -> Potassium Feldspar -> Muscovite -> Quartz - ANSWER-Diorite
Select the list that places igneous rocks in the correct sequence from mafic (left) to
felsic (right). - ANSWER-Basalt, Andesite, Rhyolite
Select the list that places igneous rocks in the correct sequence of solidification, from
those that form at the highest temperatures (left) to those that form at the lowest
temperatures (right). - ANSWER-Basalt, Andesite, Rhyolite
Select the name of lava that forms at the highest temperature. - ANSWER-Basalt
The classification of igneous rocks is based on - ANSWER-Texture and Mineral
composition
The igneous rock containing the most Quartz is - ANSWER-Granite
The list that contains only extrusive rock names - ANSWER-Andesite, Rhyolite, Basalt
The list that contains only intrusive rock names - ANSWER-Gabbro, Diorite, Granite
The minerals in Rhyolite are essentially the same as the minerals in - ANSWER-Granite
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
Which term means essentially the same thing as "divergent boundary" - ANSWER-
Spreading Center
Shallow earthquakes on a Benioff Zone originate beneath the position marked -
ANSWER-X - Line looks like A ->\x<- B
An easy and reliable way to distinguish a chuck with white quartz from a chunk of white
gypsum is to - ANSWER-Do a hardness test
Calcite belongs to which group of minerals - ANSWER-Carbonates
If you notice that a sample reflects light much like glass does, you have observed which
category of physical property - ANSWER-Luster
If you notice that a mineral sample seems unusually heavy for its size, which category
of physical property have you observed? - ANSWER-Specific Gravity (Density)
The acid-neutralizing ingredient in Tums and other conventional antacids is a man-
made version of - ANSWER-Calcite
The class of minerals known as the Silicates is subdivided into - ANSWER-
Ferromagnesian and Non-Ferromagnesian
The Mohs Scale is used for - ANSWER-Finding the hardness of a mineral
The most common mineral group in Earth's crust is - ANSWER-Feldspar
The vast majority of minerals in earth's crust are - ANSWER-Silicates
Which of these has an internal structure based on stacked sheets of silicon-oxygen
tetrahedra - ANSWER-Biotite
Which of these is a mineral with conchoidal fracture - ANSWER-Quartz
If a mineral has cleavage, it does so because - ANSWER-Bonds between atoms are
weak in certain consistent orientations in the mineral
Which of these is sodium-rich Plagioclase Feldspar? - ANSWER-NaAlSi3O8
Which of these fizzes readily when a drop of acid is applied - ANSWER-Calcite
, Which of these is a Non-Ferromagnesian Silicate mineral - ANSWER-Plagioclase
Feldspar
Which of these is a mineral belonging to the Sulfide group - ANSWER-Pyrite
T/F - Ferromagnesian Silicates tend to be dark colored - ANSWER-True
T/F - The Silicon-Oxygen tetrahedron is made of a small silicon atom surrounded by
four much larger oxygen atoms - ANSWER-True
Near Earth's surface, the continental crust is essentially - ANSWER-Granitic
Phaneritic rocks are - ANSWER-Plutonic
Plutonic rocks can be distinguished from volcanic rocks by their different - ANSWER-
Textures
Which of these factors most strongly influences the texture of an igneous rock -
ANSWER-Rate at which magma cools
Name the mineral group missing from the diagram
Olivine -> ? -> Amphibole -> Biotite - ANSWER-Pyroxene
The plutonic rock whose composition is indicated by the region of the diagram
? -> Potassium Feldspar -> Muscovite -> Quartz - ANSWER-Diorite
Select the list that places igneous rocks in the correct sequence from mafic (left) to
felsic (right). - ANSWER-Basalt, Andesite, Rhyolite
Select the list that places igneous rocks in the correct sequence of solidification, from
those that form at the highest temperatures (left) to those that form at the lowest
temperatures (right). - ANSWER-Basalt, Andesite, Rhyolite
Select the name of lava that forms at the highest temperature. - ANSWER-Basalt
The classification of igneous rocks is based on - ANSWER-Texture and Mineral
composition
The igneous rock containing the most Quartz is - ANSWER-Granite
The list that contains only extrusive rock names - ANSWER-Andesite, Rhyolite, Basalt
The list that contains only intrusive rock names - ANSWER-Gabbro, Diorite, Granite
The minerals in Rhyolite are essentially the same as the minerals in - ANSWER-Granite
