GCU NUR 635 Midterm Exam
Pharmacokinetics includes ANS: absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination
absorption of drugs factors ANS: PH changes, gastric emptying, gastric enzymes, bile acids, GI flora, food
and nutrient interactions, lipid solubility
Where is cyp450 system found ANS: endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes
CYP3A4/5 ANS: most abundant CYP450 isoform which metabolizes the most prescribed
" "drugs. Especially important for bioavailability due to its abundance in
" "cells lining the GI tract. Can be induced by a wide variety of drugs "
"and is potently inhibited by ketoconazole and erythromycin.
CYP2D6 ANS: metabolizes 25% of prescribed drugs
*3*4*5 majority of bad metabolizers
Antidepressants
Antipsychotics
Antiarrythmics
*carvedilol, *metoprolol
*codeine → morphine
*tamoxifen to active
CYP2c8/9: Hepatic ANS: warfarin-increases toxicity
CYP1A2 ANS: AcetAminophen
,CRAP GPS induces my rage ANS: carbamazepine, rifampin,
alcohol, phenytoin, griseofulun, phenobarbitone, sulfonylureas
rectal admin has what absorption ANS: variable and erratic
steady state (SS) is usually reached within how many half-lives of a drug ANS: 4-5
zero-order(nonlinear) pharmacokinetics means a drug is metabolized ANS: at a constant rate per unit
time
Michaelis-menten pharmacokinetics ANS: the rate of drug elimination is directly proportion to the
concentration of free drug (phenytoin)
theraputic index ANS: TD50 = median toxic dose
ED50 = median effective dose
window = between those doses
safe drugs have a wider or high window/index
Agonist ANS: drugs that alter the physiology of a cell by binding to plasma membrane or intracellular
receptors
Antagonists (drugs) ANS: These drugs block the actions caused by agonists
off-label use ANS: a drug can be used for an unapproved indication and is legitimate if there is clinical
data supporting its use for that indication
, "safe" drug means ANS: the FDA has determined the drugs benefits are greater than the possible risks
involved with its use
elimination of drugs most often involves what function ANS: renal
Beta Blockers ANS: -olol
propanolol
metoprolol
esmolol
atenolol
name short acting beta blocker ANS: esmolol
Calcium Channel Blockers ANS: amlodipine, nicardipine
verapamil
felodipine
nifedipine
diltiazem
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors ANS: lisinopril, captopril,
enalapril,
ramipril,
benazapril,
fosinopril
Pharmacokinetics includes ANS: absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination
absorption of drugs factors ANS: PH changes, gastric emptying, gastric enzymes, bile acids, GI flora, food
and nutrient interactions, lipid solubility
Where is cyp450 system found ANS: endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes
CYP3A4/5 ANS: most abundant CYP450 isoform which metabolizes the most prescribed
" "drugs. Especially important for bioavailability due to its abundance in
" "cells lining the GI tract. Can be induced by a wide variety of drugs "
"and is potently inhibited by ketoconazole and erythromycin.
CYP2D6 ANS: metabolizes 25% of prescribed drugs
*3*4*5 majority of bad metabolizers
Antidepressants
Antipsychotics
Antiarrythmics
*carvedilol, *metoprolol
*codeine → morphine
*tamoxifen to active
CYP2c8/9: Hepatic ANS: warfarin-increases toxicity
CYP1A2 ANS: AcetAminophen
,CRAP GPS induces my rage ANS: carbamazepine, rifampin,
alcohol, phenytoin, griseofulun, phenobarbitone, sulfonylureas
rectal admin has what absorption ANS: variable and erratic
steady state (SS) is usually reached within how many half-lives of a drug ANS: 4-5
zero-order(nonlinear) pharmacokinetics means a drug is metabolized ANS: at a constant rate per unit
time
Michaelis-menten pharmacokinetics ANS: the rate of drug elimination is directly proportion to the
concentration of free drug (phenytoin)
theraputic index ANS: TD50 = median toxic dose
ED50 = median effective dose
window = between those doses
safe drugs have a wider or high window/index
Agonist ANS: drugs that alter the physiology of a cell by binding to plasma membrane or intracellular
receptors
Antagonists (drugs) ANS: These drugs block the actions caused by agonists
off-label use ANS: a drug can be used for an unapproved indication and is legitimate if there is clinical
data supporting its use for that indication
, "safe" drug means ANS: the FDA has determined the drugs benefits are greater than the possible risks
involved with its use
elimination of drugs most often involves what function ANS: renal
Beta Blockers ANS: -olol
propanolol
metoprolol
esmolol
atenolol
name short acting beta blocker ANS: esmolol
Calcium Channel Blockers ANS: amlodipine, nicardipine
verapamil
felodipine
nifedipine
diltiazem
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors ANS: lisinopril, captopril,
enalapril,
ramipril,
benazapril,
fosinopril
