1|Page
WGU D115 OA AND PRE-OA REVIEW TEST BANK
(UNIT 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7) LATEST 2025| COMPLETE
400 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
ALREADY GRADED A+| D115 ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM TEST BANK
(BRAND NEW!)
What are three examples of prenatal diagnostic studies?
Drug-sensitivity testing
Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
Microscopy of cervical mucosa
Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT)
Amniocentesis - ANSWER - Chorionic villus sampling (CVS),
amniocentesis, and preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) are examples
of prenatal diagnostic studies and are performed in vitro. CVS is a form
of genetic testing that provides genetic information found in utero and is
usually performed between weeks 11 and 14 of pregnancy. An
amniocentesis is a form of genetic testing that evaluates amniotic fluid
and is usually performed during the second trimester, between weeks 15
and 20 of pregnancy. PGT is performed on the embryo prior to
implantation.
Which genetic disorder is characterized by the presence of a zygote
having one chromosome with a normal complement of genes and one
chromosome with a missing gene?
pg. 1
,2|Page
Klinefelter syndrome
Down syndrome
Cri du chat syndrome
Turner syndrome - ANSWER - Cri du chat syndrome (translated as "cry
of the cat") is caused by a DNA deletion. This term describes the cry
often heard from a baby affected by the syndrome. Cri du chat syndrome
can present as a microcephalic, low birth-weight baby with a piercing
cry.
How can an X-linked recessive disease skip generations?
Mothers cannot pass X-linked genes to their sons.
Females are hemizygous for the X chromosome.
The disease can be transmitted through female carriers.
These diseases need only one copy of the gene in females. - ANSWER -
The disease can be transmitted through female carriers.
Since females have two copies of the X chromosome, the mother may
provide an unaffected X to a daughter or son. Furthermore, a daughter
may not show signs of the disease because she has the other X (the only
X the father can give to a female) to cancel it out.
Which type of risk is referred to as the ratio of the disease rate among
the entire population to the disease rate in an unexposed population?
Relative
Attributable
Contingency
pg. 2
,3|Page
Causal - ANSWER - Relative risk is a ratio of probability, not an actual
occurrence of disease.
What are the empirical risks for most multifactorial diseases based on?
Direct observation
Chromosomal testing
Relative risks
Liability thresholds - ANSWER - Many factors from lifestyle to genetics
affect multifactorial diseases. Observation and evaluation of each case
individually provides the most thorough and accurate assessment.
What is the primary reason that some older adults have impaired
inflammation and wound healing?
The circulatory system cannot adequately perfuse tissues.
The underlying chronic illness exists.
The complement is deficient.
The number of mast cells is insufficient. - ANSWER - The underlying
chronic illness exists.
A generalized inflammatory response seen in chronic illness depletes the
body's reserves to fight against illness.
Which cells are the body's primary defense against parasite invasion?
B lymphocytes
Eosinophils
Neutrophils
pg. 3
, 4|Page
T lymphocytes - ANSWER - Eosinophils are the body's primary defense
against parasites.
What Phagocytes bacteria?
eosinophils
macrophages
perforin - ANSWER - Macrophages work by eating or phagocytosing
bacteria.
What is the first response to a foreign pathogen?
cytotoxic T
helper T cells
phagocytic - ANSWER - Helper T cells
Which characteristic is the most important determinant of
immunogenicity when considering the antigen?
Foreignness
Quantity
Size
Complexity - ANSWER - Immunogenicity is primarily based on the
ability to recognize something foreign.
How are erythrocytes destroyed when mismatched blood is
administered, causing an ABO incompatibility?
pg. 4
WGU D115 OA AND PRE-OA REVIEW TEST BANK
(UNIT 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7) LATEST 2025| COMPLETE
400 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
ALREADY GRADED A+| D115 ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM TEST BANK
(BRAND NEW!)
What are three examples of prenatal diagnostic studies?
Drug-sensitivity testing
Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
Microscopy of cervical mucosa
Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT)
Amniocentesis - ANSWER - Chorionic villus sampling (CVS),
amniocentesis, and preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) are examples
of prenatal diagnostic studies and are performed in vitro. CVS is a form
of genetic testing that provides genetic information found in utero and is
usually performed between weeks 11 and 14 of pregnancy. An
amniocentesis is a form of genetic testing that evaluates amniotic fluid
and is usually performed during the second trimester, between weeks 15
and 20 of pregnancy. PGT is performed on the embryo prior to
implantation.
Which genetic disorder is characterized by the presence of a zygote
having one chromosome with a normal complement of genes and one
chromosome with a missing gene?
pg. 1
,2|Page
Klinefelter syndrome
Down syndrome
Cri du chat syndrome
Turner syndrome - ANSWER - Cri du chat syndrome (translated as "cry
of the cat") is caused by a DNA deletion. This term describes the cry
often heard from a baby affected by the syndrome. Cri du chat syndrome
can present as a microcephalic, low birth-weight baby with a piercing
cry.
How can an X-linked recessive disease skip generations?
Mothers cannot pass X-linked genes to their sons.
Females are hemizygous for the X chromosome.
The disease can be transmitted through female carriers.
These diseases need only one copy of the gene in females. - ANSWER -
The disease can be transmitted through female carriers.
Since females have two copies of the X chromosome, the mother may
provide an unaffected X to a daughter or son. Furthermore, a daughter
may not show signs of the disease because she has the other X (the only
X the father can give to a female) to cancel it out.
Which type of risk is referred to as the ratio of the disease rate among
the entire population to the disease rate in an unexposed population?
Relative
Attributable
Contingency
pg. 2
,3|Page
Causal - ANSWER - Relative risk is a ratio of probability, not an actual
occurrence of disease.
What are the empirical risks for most multifactorial diseases based on?
Direct observation
Chromosomal testing
Relative risks
Liability thresholds - ANSWER - Many factors from lifestyle to genetics
affect multifactorial diseases. Observation and evaluation of each case
individually provides the most thorough and accurate assessment.
What is the primary reason that some older adults have impaired
inflammation and wound healing?
The circulatory system cannot adequately perfuse tissues.
The underlying chronic illness exists.
The complement is deficient.
The number of mast cells is insufficient. - ANSWER - The underlying
chronic illness exists.
A generalized inflammatory response seen in chronic illness depletes the
body's reserves to fight against illness.
Which cells are the body's primary defense against parasite invasion?
B lymphocytes
Eosinophils
Neutrophils
pg. 3
, 4|Page
T lymphocytes - ANSWER - Eosinophils are the body's primary defense
against parasites.
What Phagocytes bacteria?
eosinophils
macrophages
perforin - ANSWER - Macrophages work by eating or phagocytosing
bacteria.
What is the first response to a foreign pathogen?
cytotoxic T
helper T cells
phagocytic - ANSWER - Helper T cells
Which characteristic is the most important determinant of
immunogenicity when considering the antigen?
Foreignness
Quantity
Size
Complexity - ANSWER - Immunogenicity is primarily based on the
ability to recognize something foreign.
How are erythrocytes destroyed when mismatched blood is
administered, causing an ABO incompatibility?
pg. 4
