CCTN Exam Study Guide+Questions with Correct
Solutions
Most common diseases requiring pancreas transplant - ANSWER Type 1 DM without signs of
advanced diabetic nephropathy
Most common diseases requiring liver transplant - ANSWER Alcoholism
Cholestatis
Chronic Hepatitis
Genetic Diseases
Metabolic Diseases
Cholestasis - ANSWER Bile cannot flow from liver to duodenum
Causes of ESRD - ANSWER HTN
DM
glomerulonephritis
PKD
HIV
lupus
Reasons for Intestinal Transplant - ANSWER Chron's disease
Small Bowel Stenosis
Necrotizing entercolitis
Trauma
Vascular Accidents
Mesenteric thrombosis, atresia, or stenosis
,Hirschsprung disease - ANSWER congenital megacolon with improper peristalsis resulting in
intestinal obstruction, pediatric need for transplant
Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction - ANSWER A rare obstructive gut motility disorder of the
muscles and nerves in the intestine, pediatric need for transplant
Pediatric indication for intestinal transplant - ANSWER Hirschsprung disease
chronic intestinal pseudo obstruction
volvulus
gastroschisis (abdominal wall herniation)
congenital atresia
necrotizing enterocolitis
trauma
short gut syndrome
Short gut syndrome - ANSWER the inability of the small intestine to adequately absorb
nutrition, fluids, and to regulate electrolytes, can be structural or functional, usually acquired
Indications for Heart Transplant - ANSWER CHF with Class 3-4 symptoms, max therapy, reduced
exercise capacity, severe O2 dependence
End stage heart disease
Myocarditis
Myxomas
Refractory angina
Restrictive, dilated, or ischemic cardiomyopathy
life-threatening V arrhythmias
Pre Transplant Diagnostic Tests - ANSWER Abdominal US
, CXR
EKG
PFT
Panorex
Right heart cath (if indicated)
Pre Transplant Lab Tests - ANSWER ABO Rh
Virology Screening
Panel Reactive Antibody
Human Leukocyte Antibody
Toxoplasma Screening
Cancer Screening
Osteoporosis Screening
TB Screening
Virology Screening - ANSWER determines recipients suitability for transplant and post
transplant infection risk; HIV, EBV, CMV, Hepatitis, RPR (syphilis), TB, toxoplasma, herpes
Panel Reactive Antibody (PRA) - ANSWER The percent PRA value is a measure of a patient's
level of sensitization to donor antigens. It is the percentage of cells from a panel of blood
donors against which a potential recipient's serum reacts. The PRA reflects the percentage of
the general population that a potential recipient makes antibodies (is sensitized) against. The
higher the PRA, the more sensitized a patient is to the general donor pool, and thus the more
difficult it is to find a suitable donor. A patient may become sensitized as a result of pregnancy,
a blood transfusion, or a previous transplant.
Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) - ANSWER Molecules found on all nucleated cells in the body
that help the immune system to recognize whether or not a cell is foreign to the body. Human
leukocyte antigens are used to predict likelihood of organ rejection, cannot test within 72 hours
of a blood transfusion, on chromosome 6
Solutions
Most common diseases requiring pancreas transplant - ANSWER Type 1 DM without signs of
advanced diabetic nephropathy
Most common diseases requiring liver transplant - ANSWER Alcoholism
Cholestatis
Chronic Hepatitis
Genetic Diseases
Metabolic Diseases
Cholestasis - ANSWER Bile cannot flow from liver to duodenum
Causes of ESRD - ANSWER HTN
DM
glomerulonephritis
PKD
HIV
lupus
Reasons for Intestinal Transplant - ANSWER Chron's disease
Small Bowel Stenosis
Necrotizing entercolitis
Trauma
Vascular Accidents
Mesenteric thrombosis, atresia, or stenosis
,Hirschsprung disease - ANSWER congenital megacolon with improper peristalsis resulting in
intestinal obstruction, pediatric need for transplant
Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction - ANSWER A rare obstructive gut motility disorder of the
muscles and nerves in the intestine, pediatric need for transplant
Pediatric indication for intestinal transplant - ANSWER Hirschsprung disease
chronic intestinal pseudo obstruction
volvulus
gastroschisis (abdominal wall herniation)
congenital atresia
necrotizing enterocolitis
trauma
short gut syndrome
Short gut syndrome - ANSWER the inability of the small intestine to adequately absorb
nutrition, fluids, and to regulate electrolytes, can be structural or functional, usually acquired
Indications for Heart Transplant - ANSWER CHF with Class 3-4 symptoms, max therapy, reduced
exercise capacity, severe O2 dependence
End stage heart disease
Myocarditis
Myxomas
Refractory angina
Restrictive, dilated, or ischemic cardiomyopathy
life-threatening V arrhythmias
Pre Transplant Diagnostic Tests - ANSWER Abdominal US
, CXR
EKG
PFT
Panorex
Right heart cath (if indicated)
Pre Transplant Lab Tests - ANSWER ABO Rh
Virology Screening
Panel Reactive Antibody
Human Leukocyte Antibody
Toxoplasma Screening
Cancer Screening
Osteoporosis Screening
TB Screening
Virology Screening - ANSWER determines recipients suitability for transplant and post
transplant infection risk; HIV, EBV, CMV, Hepatitis, RPR (syphilis), TB, toxoplasma, herpes
Panel Reactive Antibody (PRA) - ANSWER The percent PRA value is a measure of a patient's
level of sensitization to donor antigens. It is the percentage of cells from a panel of blood
donors against which a potential recipient's serum reacts. The PRA reflects the percentage of
the general population that a potential recipient makes antibodies (is sensitized) against. The
higher the PRA, the more sensitized a patient is to the general donor pool, and thus the more
difficult it is to find a suitable donor. A patient may become sensitized as a result of pregnancy,
a blood transfusion, or a previous transplant.
Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) - ANSWER Molecules found on all nucleated cells in the body
that help the immune system to recognize whether or not a cell is foreign to the body. Human
leukocyte antigens are used to predict likelihood of organ rejection, cannot test within 72 hours
of a blood transfusion, on chromosome 6
