Biology EOC Review UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers

Biology EOC Review UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Monosaccharides - CORRECT ANSWER - What are the monomers (building blocks) of
carbohydrates?


Fatty acids and glycerol - CORRECT ANSWER - What are the monomers (building
blocks) of lipids?


Amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER - What are the monomers (building blocks) of
proteins?


Nucleotides - CORRECT ANSWER - What are the monomers (building blocks) of nucleic
acids?


1. primary source of energy (quick energy). 2. used in structures (makes cell walls and
exoskeletons). - CORRECT ANSWER - What are the functions or purpose of
carbohydrates?


1. makes up cell membranes (phospholipid bilayer). 2. long-term energy storage. 3. Insulation
(blubber) and waterproofing (waxy cuticle) - CORRECT ANSWER - What are the
functions or purpose of lipids?


1. Transport materials in/out of a cell (protein channels). 2. Make up muscle, hair, tendons. 3.
Speed up chemical reactions (enzymes)

4. Hormones that help with growth and development - CORRECT ANSWER - What are
the functions or purpose of proteins?


1. Contains the genetic info. 2. Helps make proteins. - CORRECT ANSWER - What are
the functions or purpose of nucleic acids?

,Starch (plants) and glycogen (animals) - CORRECT ANSWER - What are complex
carbohydrates that plants and animal use to store excess carbs?


Glucose - CORRECT ANSWER - What is a common simple sugar (carbohydrate)?



Cellulose (plants) and chitin (exoskeleton of animals) - CORRECT ANSWER - What are 2
carbohydrates that help build structures in plants and animals?


1. Insulin - helps maintain sugar (glucose) levels in the blood. 2. Enzymes - speed up chemical
reactions. 3. Hemoglobin - on red blood cells - CORRECT ANSWER - What are some
examples of proteins?


Fats, oils and waxes - CORRECT ANSWER - What are some examples of lipids?



DNA & RNA - CORRECT ANSWER - What are 2 examples of nucleic acids?



Triglyceride (3 fatty acids and glycerol) a type of lipid - CORRECT ANSWER - What
type of organic molecule is pictured here?


Protein or polypeptide - CORRECT ANSWER - What type of organic molecule is pictured
here?


Nucleotide - CORRECT ANSWER - What type of organic molecule is pictured here?



Carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWER - What type of organic molecule is pictured here?



To break down sucrose into glucose and fructose. - CORRECT ANSWER - What is the
enzymes job in this reaction?

, sucrose and water - CORRECT ANSWER - What is/are the reactant(s) in this reaction?



Glucose and fructose - CORRECT ANSWER - What is/are the product(s) in this reaction?


No. The enzyme remains unchanged and can work on another substrate molecule. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Do enzymes get used up by a reaction?



Temperature and pH - CORRECT ANSWER - What are 2 environmental conditions that
may cause an enzyme to denature or change shape so it no longer works?


A-enzyme, B-active site, C-substrate or reactants, D-product - CORRECT ANSWER -
What is each structure in the above reaction?


Nucleus (K) - CORRECT ANSWER - Stores the DNA in eukaryotic cells; Sometimes
called the control center of the cell. What organelle am I???


Cell membrane or plasma membrane (L) - CORRECT ANSWER - Controls what enters
and leaves the cell; it is selectively permeable. What organelle am I????


Cell Wall (R) - CORRECT ANSWER - Provides support & structure to plant, fungi &
bacteria cells; found outside cell the membrane. What organelle am I????


Mitochondria (M) - CORRECT ANSWER - Site of cell respiration in eukaryotic cells...
Produces ATP or usable cell energy. What organelle am I????


Vacuole (P) - CORRECT ANSWER - Stores water & dissolved material; in plants it is
usually the largest organelle. What organelle am I????


Chloroplast (O) - CORRECT ANSWER - Use sunlight (solar energy), CO2 and H2O to
make glucose (C6H12O6) and O2. What organelle am I????