South Carolina Biology EOC Review
UPDATED Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Observation - CORRECT ANSWER - process of gathering information about events or
processes in an orderly way
Data - CORRECT ANSWER - info gathered from observations
Inferences - CORRECT ANSWER - logical interpretations on prior knowledge or
experience
What must a hypothesis be? - CORRECT ANSWER - Testable
how many variables are in a good exp - CORRECT ANSWER -1
what are constants/controlled variables - CORRECT ANSWER - factors that stay the same
what is the Independent variable - CORRECT ANSWER - the factor being manipulated
what is the dependent variable - CORRECT ANSWER - factor being measured
theory - CORRECT ANSWER - explanation that applies to broad range of phenomena and
are supported evidence
scientific law - CORRECT ANSWER - statement that describes some part of the
phenomena that is always true
,polymerization - CORRECT ANSWER - when macro molecules are formed through
attaching monomers
monomers - CORRECT ANSWER - basic unit of macromolecules
polymers - CORRECT ANSWER - a large molecule formed by attaching many molecules
together
what are monosaccharides - CORRECT ANSWER - has one monomer; carbohydrate
disaccharide - CORRECT ANSWER - have two monomers; carbohydrate
denatured - CORRECT ANSWER - to become inactive; refers to a protein
substrate - CORRECT ANSWER - the reaction of an enzyme reaction
cell theory - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. all living things are made of cells
2. basic unit of structure and function in living things
3. new cells are produced from existing cells
cell wall - CORRECT ANSWER - surrounds cell membrane in plants; rigid
cell membrane - CORRECT ANSWER - A cell structure that controls which substances
can enter or leave the cell.
nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER - contains the cell's DNA
,cytoskeleton - CORRECT ANSWER - found throughout the cytoplasm and supports the
cell
centrioles - CORRECT ANSWER - involved in cell division
cell wall, vacuole, cytoskeleton - CORRECT ANSWER - provides support to plant cells
ribosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - involved in protein synthesis
chloroplast - CORRECT ANSWER - Site of photosynthesis; contains chlorophyll
cytoplasm - CORRECT ANSWER - A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles
are suspended
nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER - A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and
responsible for growth and reproduction
vacuole - CORRECT ANSWER - stores water, enzymes, and waste products
mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER - makes energy in the form of ATP
lysosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - contains digestive enzymes
Golgi apparatus (Golgi complex, Golgi bodies) - CORRECT ANSWER - process and
packages proteins and other substances
flagella - CORRECT ANSWER - whip like structure used for movement
, nuclear envelope or nuclear membrane - CORRECT ANSWER - surrounds the nucleus
ribosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - can be either free floating in the cytoplasm or
attached to the endoplasmic reticulum; site of protein synthesis
rough ER - CORRECT ANSWER - prepares proteins for export or insertion into cell
membrane; has ribosomes
smooth ER - CORRECT ANSWER - builds lipids; no ribosomes
nucleolus - CORRECT ANSWER - makes ribosmal RNA
cilia - CORRECT ANSWER - hairlike structures on the outer surface of the cell; used for
movement
characteristics of viruses - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. too small to be seen with a light
microscope
2. capsid surrounds the genetic material
3. contain nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)
4. no nucleus
5. do not have membrane bound organelles
6. not a cell; not considered living
7. cannot reproduce by themselves
what two organelles are not in animal cells - CORRECT ANSWER - cell wall and
chloroplast
Why should one use a graduated cylinder instead of a flask or beaker - CORRECT
ANSWER - they are not calibrated to measure liquids accurately
UPDATED Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Observation - CORRECT ANSWER - process of gathering information about events or
processes in an orderly way
Data - CORRECT ANSWER - info gathered from observations
Inferences - CORRECT ANSWER - logical interpretations on prior knowledge or
experience
What must a hypothesis be? - CORRECT ANSWER - Testable
how many variables are in a good exp - CORRECT ANSWER -1
what are constants/controlled variables - CORRECT ANSWER - factors that stay the same
what is the Independent variable - CORRECT ANSWER - the factor being manipulated
what is the dependent variable - CORRECT ANSWER - factor being measured
theory - CORRECT ANSWER - explanation that applies to broad range of phenomena and
are supported evidence
scientific law - CORRECT ANSWER - statement that describes some part of the
phenomena that is always true
,polymerization - CORRECT ANSWER - when macro molecules are formed through
attaching monomers
monomers - CORRECT ANSWER - basic unit of macromolecules
polymers - CORRECT ANSWER - a large molecule formed by attaching many molecules
together
what are monosaccharides - CORRECT ANSWER - has one monomer; carbohydrate
disaccharide - CORRECT ANSWER - have two monomers; carbohydrate
denatured - CORRECT ANSWER - to become inactive; refers to a protein
substrate - CORRECT ANSWER - the reaction of an enzyme reaction
cell theory - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. all living things are made of cells
2. basic unit of structure and function in living things
3. new cells are produced from existing cells
cell wall - CORRECT ANSWER - surrounds cell membrane in plants; rigid
cell membrane - CORRECT ANSWER - A cell structure that controls which substances
can enter or leave the cell.
nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER - contains the cell's DNA
,cytoskeleton - CORRECT ANSWER - found throughout the cytoplasm and supports the
cell
centrioles - CORRECT ANSWER - involved in cell division
cell wall, vacuole, cytoskeleton - CORRECT ANSWER - provides support to plant cells
ribosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - involved in protein synthesis
chloroplast - CORRECT ANSWER - Site of photosynthesis; contains chlorophyll
cytoplasm - CORRECT ANSWER - A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles
are suspended
nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER - A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and
responsible for growth and reproduction
vacuole - CORRECT ANSWER - stores water, enzymes, and waste products
mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER - makes energy in the form of ATP
lysosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - contains digestive enzymes
Golgi apparatus (Golgi complex, Golgi bodies) - CORRECT ANSWER - process and
packages proteins and other substances
flagella - CORRECT ANSWER - whip like structure used for movement
, nuclear envelope or nuclear membrane - CORRECT ANSWER - surrounds the nucleus
ribosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - can be either free floating in the cytoplasm or
attached to the endoplasmic reticulum; site of protein synthesis
rough ER - CORRECT ANSWER - prepares proteins for export or insertion into cell
membrane; has ribosomes
smooth ER - CORRECT ANSWER - builds lipids; no ribosomes
nucleolus - CORRECT ANSWER - makes ribosmal RNA
cilia - CORRECT ANSWER - hairlike structures on the outer surface of the cell; used for
movement
characteristics of viruses - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. too small to be seen with a light
microscope
2. capsid surrounds the genetic material
3. contain nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)
4. no nucleus
5. do not have membrane bound organelles
6. not a cell; not considered living
7. cannot reproduce by themselves
what two organelles are not in animal cells - CORRECT ANSWER - cell wall and
chloroplast
Why should one use a graduated cylinder instead of a flask or beaker - CORRECT
ANSWER - they are not calibrated to measure liquids accurately
