HCR 240 Final Study Guide With 181
Questions and answers Updated
Crohn's disease often has this type of appearance, which is due to thickening of the epithelial wall -
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
Correct Answers Cobblestone appearance
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! A bacteria that often is found in patients with GERD and stomach ulcers - Correct Answers Helicobacter
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! pylori
ii! A sign or symptom of liver disease where fluid buildups in abdomen - Correct Answers Ascites
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Thinning of the trabecular matrix that occurs right before onset of osteoporosis - Correct Answers
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Osteopenia
ii! Delayed stomach opening that can cause GERD - Correct Answers Gasteroparesis
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Inflammation of muscle and joints - Correct Answers Myositis ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Loss of fat in stools, sign of celiac disease - Correct Answers Steatorrhea
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! The bacteria that often causes osteomyelitis - Correct Answers Staphylococcus
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Disease where the large intestine is twisting - Correct Answers Volvulus
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
The diseases where discs between vertebrae become compressed or misaligned - Correct Answers
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
Degenerative Disc Disease
ii! ii! ii!
ii! Gallbladder is producing gallstones - Correct Answers Cholelithiasisii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
,ii! Another name for a bull's eye rash of Lyme Disease - Correct Answers Erythema Migrans
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Bleeding from hemorrhoids - Correct Answers Hematochezia
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Inflammation of a joint - Correct Answers Arthritis ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Blood in stool - Correct Answers Melena
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Infection of gallbladder leading to purulent effusion - Correct Answers Empyema
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! What are the two type of swelling that can occur in osteoarthritis? How are the different? - Correct
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Answers Heberden's interphalangeal (DIP)- distal interphalangeal joint Bouchard's nodes- Proximal
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! interphalangeal joint ii!
What are the usual risk factors of osteoporosis? - Correct Answers Female gender, postmenopausale age
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
in female, lack of estrogen in female, lack of testosterone in male, family history, asian & caucasian
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
women, thin and small-framed women, lack of recommended daily intake of calcium and vitamin D, lack
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
of weight-bearing exercise, exess alcohol
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! How can a joint be infected? Name two routes of infection that can occur. - Correct Answers A joint can
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! be infected via injection or during joint movement through direct colonization, direct contact with a
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! neighboring infected site, or by hematogenous or lymphogenous spread of a pathogen. ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Describe the process of how uric acid crystals affect regions of the body due to hyperglycemia. - Correct
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Answers Hyperuricemia triggers inflammtion by affecting specific joints (first metatarsal) and the uric acid
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! crystals may be deposited in subcutaneous tissue ("tophi"). The patient might present issues with
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! redness, warmth, swelling of joint or discomfort onsets during night or early morning
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Adam presents to the clinic with abdominal pain between meals, pale skin, and hematemesis. The patient
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! also acknowledges a history of NSAIDs overuse and alcohol abuse. What is most likely his diagnosis? -
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Correct Answers Peptic Ulcer Disease ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
, Inflammation due to weakness in the bowel wall and has collected intestinal content and has caused an
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
obstruction. - Correct Answers Diverticulitis
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Antonio has stated he has shared needles, has shared bodily fluids and has had unprotected sex. What
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! kind of Hepatitis does he most likely have? - Correct Answers Hepatitis B
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Amber has acute cholecystitis. She is awaiting a cholecystostomy. What sign or symptom is associated
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! with this condition? - Correct Answers Epigastric pain that radiates to the right scapula
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
Arnold is brought to the hospital because of severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. He reports
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
increased pain in the abdomen and in the epigastric region radiating to the back when lying supine.
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
During physical assessment, the nurse finds that Arnold has a fever and hypotension. Which condition
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
does the nurse suspect from these findings. - Correct Answers Acute Pancreatitis
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Was recently admitted with dark urine, fever, and flank pain and is diagnosed with acute
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! glomerulonephritis. Which would most likely be in his recent health history? - Correct Answers Recent ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! strep throat infection
ii! ii!
ii! Which condition is usually a mixed infection, often ascending from the vagina into the uterus and presents
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! with vaginal bleeding, uterine tenderness, fever and malodorous discharge? - Correct Answers
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Endometritis
ii! Lance recently had a mumps viral infection diagnosis and now has a sudden onset of tender swollen
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! testicles. What is likely his condition? - Correct Answers Orchitis
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! In older males, this a dominant disease that has excessive cell growth in a male reproductive organ that
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! encroaches on urethra and obstructs urine flow. Is is called? - Correct Answers Benign Prostatic
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Hyperplasia
ii! Name the three types of hernia that can be found. How are they different? - Correct Answers Reducible-
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! returned to normal position with manual pressure ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
Incarceration - loop of intestine trapped between muscle fibers Strangulation - blood supply to hernia
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
compromised by pressure
ii! ii! ii!
Questions and answers Updated
Crohn's disease often has this type of appearance, which is due to thickening of the epithelial wall -
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
Correct Answers Cobblestone appearance
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! A bacteria that often is found in patients with GERD and stomach ulcers - Correct Answers Helicobacter
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! pylori
ii! A sign or symptom of liver disease where fluid buildups in abdomen - Correct Answers Ascites
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Thinning of the trabecular matrix that occurs right before onset of osteoporosis - Correct Answers
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Osteopenia
ii! Delayed stomach opening that can cause GERD - Correct Answers Gasteroparesis
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Inflammation of muscle and joints - Correct Answers Myositis ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Loss of fat in stools, sign of celiac disease - Correct Answers Steatorrhea
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! The bacteria that often causes osteomyelitis - Correct Answers Staphylococcus
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Disease where the large intestine is twisting - Correct Answers Volvulus
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
The diseases where discs between vertebrae become compressed or misaligned - Correct Answers
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
Degenerative Disc Disease
ii! ii! ii!
ii! Gallbladder is producing gallstones - Correct Answers Cholelithiasisii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
,ii! Another name for a bull's eye rash of Lyme Disease - Correct Answers Erythema Migrans
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Bleeding from hemorrhoids - Correct Answers Hematochezia
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Inflammation of a joint - Correct Answers Arthritis ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Blood in stool - Correct Answers Melena
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Infection of gallbladder leading to purulent effusion - Correct Answers Empyema
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! What are the two type of swelling that can occur in osteoarthritis? How are the different? - Correct
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Answers Heberden's interphalangeal (DIP)- distal interphalangeal joint Bouchard's nodes- Proximal
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! interphalangeal joint ii!
What are the usual risk factors of osteoporosis? - Correct Answers Female gender, postmenopausale age
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
in female, lack of estrogen in female, lack of testosterone in male, family history, asian & caucasian
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
women, thin and small-framed women, lack of recommended daily intake of calcium and vitamin D, lack
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
of weight-bearing exercise, exess alcohol
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! How can a joint be infected? Name two routes of infection that can occur. - Correct Answers A joint can
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! be infected via injection or during joint movement through direct colonization, direct contact with a
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! neighboring infected site, or by hematogenous or lymphogenous spread of a pathogen. ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Describe the process of how uric acid crystals affect regions of the body due to hyperglycemia. - Correct
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Answers Hyperuricemia triggers inflammtion by affecting specific joints (first metatarsal) and the uric acid
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! crystals may be deposited in subcutaneous tissue ("tophi"). The patient might present issues with
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! redness, warmth, swelling of joint or discomfort onsets during night or early morning
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Adam presents to the clinic with abdominal pain between meals, pale skin, and hematemesis. The patient
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! also acknowledges a history of NSAIDs overuse and alcohol abuse. What is most likely his diagnosis? -
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Correct Answers Peptic Ulcer Disease ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
, Inflammation due to weakness in the bowel wall and has collected intestinal content and has caused an
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
obstruction. - Correct Answers Diverticulitis
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Antonio has stated he has shared needles, has shared bodily fluids and has had unprotected sex. What
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! kind of Hepatitis does he most likely have? - Correct Answers Hepatitis B
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Amber has acute cholecystitis. She is awaiting a cholecystostomy. What sign or symptom is associated
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! with this condition? - Correct Answers Epigastric pain that radiates to the right scapula
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
Arnold is brought to the hospital because of severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. He reports
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
increased pain in the abdomen and in the epigastric region radiating to the back when lying supine.
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
During physical assessment, the nurse finds that Arnold has a fever and hypotension. Which condition
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
does the nurse suspect from these findings. - Correct Answers Acute Pancreatitis
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Was recently admitted with dark urine, fever, and flank pain and is diagnosed with acute
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! glomerulonephritis. Which would most likely be in his recent health history? - Correct Answers Recent ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! strep throat infection
ii! ii!
ii! Which condition is usually a mixed infection, often ascending from the vagina into the uterus and presents
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! with vaginal bleeding, uterine tenderness, fever and malodorous discharge? - Correct Answers
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Endometritis
ii! Lance recently had a mumps viral infection diagnosis and now has a sudden onset of tender swollen
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! testicles. What is likely his condition? - Correct Answers Orchitis
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! In older males, this a dominant disease that has excessive cell growth in a male reproductive organ that
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! encroaches on urethra and obstructs urine flow. Is is called? - Correct Answers Benign Prostatic
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! Hyperplasia
ii! Name the three types of hernia that can be found. How are they different? - Correct Answers Reducible-
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
ii! returned to normal position with manual pressure ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
Incarceration - loop of intestine trapped between muscle fibers Strangulation - blood supply to hernia
ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii! ii!
compromised by pressure
ii! ii! ii!
