biol 227 Lab 4 Study Questions with Complete
Solutions
integument - ANS skin
Epidermis - ANS The outermost layer of the skin this is avascular and composed of stratified
squamous epithelium with 4-5 layers
Stratum corneum - ANS The most superficial layer of the epidermis, constantly exfoliated and
replaced.
Stratum lucidum - ANS A layer found only in thick skin, such as the palms of the hands and the
soles of the feet.
Stratum granulosum - ANS A layer where cells begin to die in the epidermis.
Stratum spinosum - ANS A layer of uneven layers of cells in the epidermis.
Stratum basale - ANS The deepest layer of the epidermis where mitosis occurs, cells receive
nourishment, and a distinct border is formed.
functions of Keratinocytes - ANS produce keratin, structural support
Melanocytes - ANS Cells that produce melanin, influencing skin coloration and shielding DNA
from UV radiation.
Dendritic cells - ANS Cells responsible for phagocytosis, digesting infected cells in the epidermis.
, Dermis - ANS The underlying connective tissue of the skin that is dense irregular tissue and
contains various sensory receptors and accessory structures
Papillary layer - ANS The superficial layer of the dermis, composed of areolar connective tissue,
containing dermal papillae, friction ridges, and a capillary network.
Reticular layer - ANS The deeper layer of the dermis, made of dense irregular connective tissue,
collagen, elastic fibers, blood supply, and nerve fibers.
Hypodermis - ANS The subcutaneous tissue made up of adipose tissue, not considered part of
the skin.
Merocrine Sweat Glands - ANS Glands found all over the body that produce clear perspiration
for temperature regulation.
Apocrine Sweat Glands - ANS Glands found in axillary or genital areas that produce merocrine
sweat along with proteins and lipids.
Homeostasis - ANS The maintenance of optimal internal conditions, including temperature, pH,
and hydration, for the body's normal functioning.
Dermal Arterioles - ANS Small arteries in the dermis that regulate blood flow to the skin surface,
aiding in heat retention or dissipation.
Sensory Receptors - ANS Specialized nerve endings that detect pain, touch, temperature,
pressure, and vibration
Cutaneous Glands - ANS Glands within the skin that include sweat glands (sudoriferous) and oil
glands (sebaceous).
Solutions
integument - ANS skin
Epidermis - ANS The outermost layer of the skin this is avascular and composed of stratified
squamous epithelium with 4-5 layers
Stratum corneum - ANS The most superficial layer of the epidermis, constantly exfoliated and
replaced.
Stratum lucidum - ANS A layer found only in thick skin, such as the palms of the hands and the
soles of the feet.
Stratum granulosum - ANS A layer where cells begin to die in the epidermis.
Stratum spinosum - ANS A layer of uneven layers of cells in the epidermis.
Stratum basale - ANS The deepest layer of the epidermis where mitosis occurs, cells receive
nourishment, and a distinct border is formed.
functions of Keratinocytes - ANS produce keratin, structural support
Melanocytes - ANS Cells that produce melanin, influencing skin coloration and shielding DNA
from UV radiation.
Dendritic cells - ANS Cells responsible for phagocytosis, digesting infected cells in the epidermis.
, Dermis - ANS The underlying connective tissue of the skin that is dense irregular tissue and
contains various sensory receptors and accessory structures
Papillary layer - ANS The superficial layer of the dermis, composed of areolar connective tissue,
containing dermal papillae, friction ridges, and a capillary network.
Reticular layer - ANS The deeper layer of the dermis, made of dense irregular connective tissue,
collagen, elastic fibers, blood supply, and nerve fibers.
Hypodermis - ANS The subcutaneous tissue made up of adipose tissue, not considered part of
the skin.
Merocrine Sweat Glands - ANS Glands found all over the body that produce clear perspiration
for temperature regulation.
Apocrine Sweat Glands - ANS Glands found in axillary or genital areas that produce merocrine
sweat along with proteins and lipids.
Homeostasis - ANS The maintenance of optimal internal conditions, including temperature, pH,
and hydration, for the body's normal functioning.
Dermal Arterioles - ANS Small arteries in the dermis that regulate blood flow to the skin surface,
aiding in heat retention or dissipation.
Sensory Receptors - ANS Specialized nerve endings that detect pain, touch, temperature,
pressure, and vibration
Cutaneous Glands - ANS Glands within the skin that include sweat glands (sudoriferous) and oil
glands (sebaceous).
