HESI A2 Anatomy and
Physiology Complete Reviewed
Questions and answers
What is histology? - Ans - The study of tissues
What is a tissue? - Ans - A group of cells that act together to perform a
specific function.
What are the fundamental tissues? - Ans - Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
What is the function of epithelial cells? - Ans - Cover, line, and protect
the body and the internal organs.
What is the function of connective tissue? - Ans - Framework of the
body. Provides support and structure to organs.
What is neuroglia? - Ans - The neurons and connective tissue cells that
compose nerve tissue.
What ability does muscle tissue have? - Ans - Ability to contract and
shorten.
,What is muscle tissue classified as? - Ans - Voluntary(skeletal
muscles) and involuntary(smooth & cardiac)
What is meiosis? - Ans - The cell division that takes place in the
gonads, i.e. the ovaries and testes.
What two layers compose the skin? - Ans - Epidermis and dermis.
What is the epidermis? - Ans - The outermost protective layer of dead
keratinized epithelial cells.
What is the dermis? - Ans - The underlying layer of connective tissue
with blood vessels, nerve endings, and the associated skin tissues.
What are the layers of the epidermis? - Ans - Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
What does the protein pigment melanin protect against? - Ans -
Radiation from the Sun
What is the dermis composed of? - Ans - Fibrous connective tissue
with nerve endings, blood vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair
follicles, and glands.
What are the 2 types of sweat glands? - Ans - ecrine & apocrine
What do ecrine sweat glands produce? - Ans - Sweat. Regulate body
temperature.
What do apocrine sweat glands produce? - Ans - Secretions contain
bits of cytoplasm from cells, attracting bacteria that produces body
odor.
, What do sebaceous glands secrete? - Ans - They secrete sebum
through the hair follicles, which lubricates the skin and prevents
drying.
What secretion produces oil? - Ans - Holocrine secretion.
What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence? - Ans -
Becoming clogged and attracting bacteria.
What protein composes the hair and skin? - Ans - Keratin
What makes the body's framework? - Ans - Bone, cartilage, ligaments
& joints.
What are the functions of the skeletal system? - Ans - Support,
movement, blood cell formation, protection of internal organs,
detoxification, muscle attachment, mineral storage. *A MIME
BATHED SEALS SINGING "MY PONY"*
How are bones classified? - Ans - By shape.
Long
Short
flat
irregular
sesamoid
*LEMURS SING SALSA FOR INDIANS*
What is the name for the cells that compose compact bone? - Ans -
Osteoblasts
What occurs to osteoblasts when they become fixed in the dense bone
matrix? - Ans - They stop dividing but continue to maintain body
tissues as osteocytes.
How many bones make up the axial skeleton? - Ans - 28 bones of the
skull. 14-facial, 14-cranium.
Physiology Complete Reviewed
Questions and answers
What is histology? - Ans - The study of tissues
What is a tissue? - Ans - A group of cells that act together to perform a
specific function.
What are the fundamental tissues? - Ans - Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
What is the function of epithelial cells? - Ans - Cover, line, and protect
the body and the internal organs.
What is the function of connective tissue? - Ans - Framework of the
body. Provides support and structure to organs.
What is neuroglia? - Ans - The neurons and connective tissue cells that
compose nerve tissue.
What ability does muscle tissue have? - Ans - Ability to contract and
shorten.
,What is muscle tissue classified as? - Ans - Voluntary(skeletal
muscles) and involuntary(smooth & cardiac)
What is meiosis? - Ans - The cell division that takes place in the
gonads, i.e. the ovaries and testes.
What two layers compose the skin? - Ans - Epidermis and dermis.
What is the epidermis? - Ans - The outermost protective layer of dead
keratinized epithelial cells.
What is the dermis? - Ans - The underlying layer of connective tissue
with blood vessels, nerve endings, and the associated skin tissues.
What are the layers of the epidermis? - Ans - Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
What does the protein pigment melanin protect against? - Ans -
Radiation from the Sun
What is the dermis composed of? - Ans - Fibrous connective tissue
with nerve endings, blood vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair
follicles, and glands.
What are the 2 types of sweat glands? - Ans - ecrine & apocrine
What do ecrine sweat glands produce? - Ans - Sweat. Regulate body
temperature.
What do apocrine sweat glands produce? - Ans - Secretions contain
bits of cytoplasm from cells, attracting bacteria that produces body
odor.
, What do sebaceous glands secrete? - Ans - They secrete sebum
through the hair follicles, which lubricates the skin and prevents
drying.
What secretion produces oil? - Ans - Holocrine secretion.
What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence? - Ans -
Becoming clogged and attracting bacteria.
What protein composes the hair and skin? - Ans - Keratin
What makes the body's framework? - Ans - Bone, cartilage, ligaments
& joints.
What are the functions of the skeletal system? - Ans - Support,
movement, blood cell formation, protection of internal organs,
detoxification, muscle attachment, mineral storage. *A MIME
BATHED SEALS SINGING "MY PONY"*
How are bones classified? - Ans - By shape.
Long
Short
flat
irregular
sesamoid
*LEMURS SING SALSA FOR INDIANS*
What is the name for the cells that compose compact bone? - Ans -
Osteoblasts
What occurs to osteoblasts when they become fixed in the dense bone
matrix? - Ans - They stop dividing but continue to maintain body
tissues as osteocytes.
How many bones make up the axial skeleton? - Ans - 28 bones of the
skull. 14-facial, 14-cranium.
