Milestone 1 - Exam Study Guide –
r r r r r r
Hesi Questions And Answers
r r r r
30r-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
BeforerassessingrBPrinrtherarm,rbersurertherpatientrisrcalmrandrrelaxedrandrhasrnotreaten,r
smoked,rorrexercisedrforr___minutesrbeforerthermeasurement.rminutesrbeforerthermeasur
ement.
5r-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
Itrisrbestrtorallowrtherpatientrtorrestrforratrleastr__minutesrbeforerassessingrBP
Ardullrsoundrindicatesr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
therpresencerofrarsolidrmassrunderrthersurface
Abdominalrinspectionr-rCORRECTrrANSWER--rskinr
-rcontourr
-rmusclertoner&rsymmetryr
-rumbilicusr
-rvisiblerperistalsisr
-rpulsationsr
-rsignsrofrpain
Abdominalrpalpationr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
onerfinger,rlight,rdeep,rmasses,rreboundrwithrquickrrelease,rCVArtenderness
ACErInhibitorsr-rCORRECTrrANSWER--BlocksrACE
-ReducerlevelsrofrangiotensinrII
-Increaserlevelsrofrbradykininr(vasodilator)
ACErINHIBITORSr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
lowerrtherlevelsrofraldosterone,rtherebyrpromotingrpotassiumrretentionrinrtherkidneysrandrb
loodstream.
ACErInhibitorsr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-Monitorrrenalrfunctionrwithrthis.
ACErmostrcommonrs/er-rCORRECTrrANSWER-Cough
ACErmostrdangerousrs/er-rCORRECTrrANSWER-Angioedema
ADLrassessmentr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
Typicallyrassessesrtasksrincludingrshopping,rmealrpreparation,rhousekeeping,rlaundry,rm
anagingrfinances,rtakingrmedicationsrandrusingrtransportation
,AlbuminrLevel--rnormalrranger-rCORRECTrrANSWER-3.5-5.0rg/dL
Alchoholr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-7rcalsrperrgram
Allergicrreactionr-rCORRECTrrANSWER--Immunerresponse
-
Determinedrprimarilyrbyrtherdegreerofrsensitizationrofrtherimmunersystemrratherrthanrbyrdr
ugrdosage
-Patient'srsensitivityrtorardrugrcanrchangeroverrtime
Allergicrreactionr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
Documentrthroatrswellingrandrdifficultyrbreathingrasran
AllergiesrAssessmentr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
essentialrtornoterthertyperofrresponse,rsuchrasrrash,rthroatrswelling,rdifficultyrbreathing,rorr
anaphylacticrshock
AmbulationrTolerancer-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
Therabilityrtortheract,raction,rorranrinstancerofrmovingraboutrorrwalking
Aminotransferasesrorrtransaminasesr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
grouprofrenzymesrthatrcatalyzertherinterconversionroframinoracidsrandroxoacidsrbyrtransfe
rroframinorgroups.rWhenrhighrcanrcauserliverrdamage
Angiotensin-ConvertingrEnzymerInhibitorsr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-ACE
Antihistamine-actionr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-H1randrH2rantagonist
AntihypertensiverOrthostaticrHypotensionr-rCORRECTrrANSWER--BetarBlockers,r
-CalciumrChannelrBlockers,r
-ACErinhibitors,r
-Diuretics.
-Nitrates
-α-ReceptorrBlockers
-β-Blockers
AntitussiverEvaluationr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
Ensurerthatrtherdrugrisrnotrtakenranyrlongerrthanrrecommendedrtorpreventrseriousradverser
effectsrandrseverityrrespiratoryrtractrproblems.rAssessrunderlyingrproblems
AssessrPulser-rCORRECTrrANSWER-rate,rrhythm,rforce
Atonyr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-Lackrofrnormalrmusclertonerorrstrength
AuscultaterthercarotidrarteryrPurposer-rCORRECTrrANSWER-Enablesrtherhearingrofrbruits
, Barrelrchestr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-arconditionrcharacterizedrbyrincreasedranterior-
posteriorrchestrdiameterrcausedrbyrincreasedrfunctionalrresidualrcapacityrduertorairrtrappin
grfromrsmallrairwayrcollapse.rArbarrelrchestrisrfrequentlyrseenrinrpatientsrwithrCOPD,rsuchr
asrchronicrbronchitisrandremphysema.
benzodiazepinesrpregnancyr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-‣rmainlyrpregnancyrcategoryrD.r
‣rcontraindicatedrexceptrforrrarerexceptionsrwhenrtheirrbenefitsroutweighrfetalr&rneonatalrri
sks.r
‣rMayr↑edrriskrofroralrcleft,rpretermrlabor,r&rfetalrgrowthrrestriction.r"Floppyrbabyrsyndrome
"r(lackrofrtone,rsluggishness,r&rdifficultyrw/rthersuckingrreflex)rimmediatelyrafterrbirthr&rnew
bornrwithdrawalruprtorthreermonthsrarerconcernsrasrwell.r
‣rLong-
termreffectsrofrexposureronrchildr&radultrdevelopmentrarerunknownr&rshouldrberavoided.
BradenrScaler-rCORRECTrrANSWER--
Sensoryrperception,rmoisture,ractivity,rmobility,rnutrition,rfrictionrandrshear
-Therhigherrthernumberrthergreaterrtherrisk
Bright-redrsanguineousr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
drainagerisrindicativerofrfreshrbleeding,rwhereasrdarkerrdrainagerindicatesrolderrbleeding.
Bronchialrbreathrsoundsr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-arerloud,rhigh-
pitched,randrfoundroverrthertrachearandrlarynx.rDurationrduringrinspiration.rQualityrisrcoars
erorrtubular.
CalciumrChannelrBlockersr-rCORRECTrrANSWER--Vasoconstriction
-Decreasercontractility
-DecreaserConductivityrofrtherheart
CalciumrChannelrBlockersrTherapeuticrdosesr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
•rSelectivelyractronrperipheralrarteriolesrandrarteriesrandrarteriolesrofrtherheart
•rNorsignificantreffectronrveins
Carbs/Starchr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-4rcalsrperrgram
Cardiacrpercussionr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
isrperformedrstartingratrtherveryrleftrofrtherchest,randrpercussingrfromrresonancertowardrcar
diacrdullnessrinrther3rd,r4th,randr5th,randrperhapsr6thrinterspaces,rfromrtherleftraxillaryrtorth
errightraxillaryrlines.
CarotidrArteriesrassessmentr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
Haverpatientrliersupinerandrexamineronerarteryratrartimerandrinspectrforrpulsations
CarotidrArteriesrstepsr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-Inspection
Palpation
r r r r r r
Hesi Questions And Answers
r r r r
30r-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
BeforerassessingrBPrinrtherarm,rbersurertherpatientrisrcalmrandrrelaxedrandrhasrnotreaten,r
smoked,rorrexercisedrforr___minutesrbeforerthermeasurement.rminutesrbeforerthermeasur
ement.
5r-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
Itrisrbestrtorallowrtherpatientrtorrestrforratrleastr__minutesrbeforerassessingrBP
Ardullrsoundrindicatesr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
therpresencerofrarsolidrmassrunderrthersurface
Abdominalrinspectionr-rCORRECTrrANSWER--rskinr
-rcontourr
-rmusclertoner&rsymmetryr
-rumbilicusr
-rvisiblerperistalsisr
-rpulsationsr
-rsignsrofrpain
Abdominalrpalpationr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
onerfinger,rlight,rdeep,rmasses,rreboundrwithrquickrrelease,rCVArtenderness
ACErInhibitorsr-rCORRECTrrANSWER--BlocksrACE
-ReducerlevelsrofrangiotensinrII
-Increaserlevelsrofrbradykininr(vasodilator)
ACErINHIBITORSr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
lowerrtherlevelsrofraldosterone,rtherebyrpromotingrpotassiumrretentionrinrtherkidneysrandrb
loodstream.
ACErInhibitorsr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-Monitorrrenalrfunctionrwithrthis.
ACErmostrcommonrs/er-rCORRECTrrANSWER-Cough
ACErmostrdangerousrs/er-rCORRECTrrANSWER-Angioedema
ADLrassessmentr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
Typicallyrassessesrtasksrincludingrshopping,rmealrpreparation,rhousekeeping,rlaundry,rm
anagingrfinances,rtakingrmedicationsrandrusingrtransportation
,AlbuminrLevel--rnormalrranger-rCORRECTrrANSWER-3.5-5.0rg/dL
Alchoholr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-7rcalsrperrgram
Allergicrreactionr-rCORRECTrrANSWER--Immunerresponse
-
Determinedrprimarilyrbyrtherdegreerofrsensitizationrofrtherimmunersystemrratherrthanrbyrdr
ugrdosage
-Patient'srsensitivityrtorardrugrcanrchangeroverrtime
Allergicrreactionr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
Documentrthroatrswellingrandrdifficultyrbreathingrasran
AllergiesrAssessmentr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
essentialrtornoterthertyperofrresponse,rsuchrasrrash,rthroatrswelling,rdifficultyrbreathing,rorr
anaphylacticrshock
AmbulationrTolerancer-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
Therabilityrtortheract,raction,rorranrinstancerofrmovingraboutrorrwalking
Aminotransferasesrorrtransaminasesr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
grouprofrenzymesrthatrcatalyzertherinterconversionroframinoracidsrandroxoacidsrbyrtransfe
rroframinorgroups.rWhenrhighrcanrcauserliverrdamage
Angiotensin-ConvertingrEnzymerInhibitorsr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-ACE
Antihistamine-actionr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-H1randrH2rantagonist
AntihypertensiverOrthostaticrHypotensionr-rCORRECTrrANSWER--BetarBlockers,r
-CalciumrChannelrBlockers,r
-ACErinhibitors,r
-Diuretics.
-Nitrates
-α-ReceptorrBlockers
-β-Blockers
AntitussiverEvaluationr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
Ensurerthatrtherdrugrisrnotrtakenranyrlongerrthanrrecommendedrtorpreventrseriousradverser
effectsrandrseverityrrespiratoryrtractrproblems.rAssessrunderlyingrproblems
AssessrPulser-rCORRECTrrANSWER-rate,rrhythm,rforce
Atonyr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-Lackrofrnormalrmusclertonerorrstrength
AuscultaterthercarotidrarteryrPurposer-rCORRECTrrANSWER-Enablesrtherhearingrofrbruits
, Barrelrchestr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-arconditionrcharacterizedrbyrincreasedranterior-
posteriorrchestrdiameterrcausedrbyrincreasedrfunctionalrresidualrcapacityrduertorairrtrappin
grfromrsmallrairwayrcollapse.rArbarrelrchestrisrfrequentlyrseenrinrpatientsrwithrCOPD,rsuchr
asrchronicrbronchitisrandremphysema.
benzodiazepinesrpregnancyr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-‣rmainlyrpregnancyrcategoryrD.r
‣rcontraindicatedrexceptrforrrarerexceptionsrwhenrtheirrbenefitsroutweighrfetalr&rneonatalrri
sks.r
‣rMayr↑edrriskrofroralrcleft,rpretermrlabor,r&rfetalrgrowthrrestriction.r"Floppyrbabyrsyndrome
"r(lackrofrtone,rsluggishness,r&rdifficultyrw/rthersuckingrreflex)rimmediatelyrafterrbirthr&rnew
bornrwithdrawalruprtorthreermonthsrarerconcernsrasrwell.r
‣rLong-
termreffectsrofrexposureronrchildr&radultrdevelopmentrarerunknownr&rshouldrberavoided.
BradenrScaler-rCORRECTrrANSWER--
Sensoryrperception,rmoisture,ractivity,rmobility,rnutrition,rfrictionrandrshear
-Therhigherrthernumberrthergreaterrtherrisk
Bright-redrsanguineousr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
drainagerisrindicativerofrfreshrbleeding,rwhereasrdarkerrdrainagerindicatesrolderrbleeding.
Bronchialrbreathrsoundsr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-arerloud,rhigh-
pitched,randrfoundroverrthertrachearandrlarynx.rDurationrduringrinspiration.rQualityrisrcoars
erorrtubular.
CalciumrChannelrBlockersr-rCORRECTrrANSWER--Vasoconstriction
-Decreasercontractility
-DecreaserConductivityrofrtherheart
CalciumrChannelrBlockersrTherapeuticrdosesr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
•rSelectivelyractronrperipheralrarteriolesrandrarteriesrandrarteriolesrofrtherheart
•rNorsignificantreffectronrveins
Carbs/Starchr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-4rcalsrperrgram
Cardiacrpercussionr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
isrperformedrstartingratrtherveryrleftrofrtherchest,randrpercussingrfromrresonancertowardrcar
diacrdullnessrinrther3rd,r4th,randr5th,randrperhapsr6thrinterspaces,rfromrtherleftraxillaryrtorth
errightraxillaryrlines.
CarotidrArteriesrassessmentr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-
Haverpatientrliersupinerandrexamineronerarteryratrartimerandrinspectrforrpulsations
CarotidrArteriesrstepsr-rCORRECTrrANSWER-Inspection
Palpation