FAU Pathophysiology Final Exam Questions With Complete
Solutions
Acute Bacterial Prostatitis Correct Answers "Inflamed
Prostate"
-Considered a subtype of UTI
From gram - bacteria
Manifestations:
-Fever
-chills
-malaise
-Frequent /urgent urination
-Dysuria
-Dull/aching perineal pain is often present
-Urine may be cloudy and malodorous
Rectal exam:
-swollen
-Tender
-Warm prostate with scattered soft areas
Prostatic Massage:
-Produces thick discharge with WBCs that grow pathogens on
culture
Treatment:
-Antibiotics
-Bed rest
-Adequate hydration
-Antipyretic
,-Analgesics
-Stool softeners
*A thorough urologic exam is usually performed after treatment
is done to rule out anatomic abnormalities*
Acute Leukemia Correct Answers Sudden onset with
symptoms of depressed bone marrow function
-Anemia
-Fatigue
-Bleeding
-Infections
Bone pain
Hepatosplenomegaly
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia mainly in children
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia-Mainly in adults
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Correct Answers
Found in lymphoid cells
Grows quickly
Common in children
6,000 cases a year
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Correct Answers Found in
myeloid cells
,Grows quickly
Common in adults and children
18,000 cases a year
Acute Renal Failure Correct Answers Caused by conditions
that produce acute shutdown in renal function
-Prerenal Failure: decreased blood flow to the kidney
(congestive heart failure)
-Intrarenal Failure: disorders that disrupt the structures in the
kidney
-Postrenal Failure: Disorders that interfere with the elimination
of urine from the kidney
Signs and Symptoms:
-Abrupt onset
-Often reversible
-Inability to concentrate the urine
-Proteinuria
-Hemoglobinuria
-Casts or crystals in urine
-Decrease in GFR
-Azotemia: (anuria, fatigue, tremor, dementia, pale skin,
tachycardia, dry mouth, thirst, edema, Orthostatic hypotension,
uremic frost, SOB)
, *Conventional markers to assess GFR do not manifest for 1-2
days AFTER acute renal failure has begun
Acute Tubular Necrosis Correct Answers An intrarenal cause
of acute kidney failure
Destruction of tubular epithelial cells with acute suppression of
renal function
-Tubular epithelial cells are particularly sensitive to ischemia
and also vulnerable to toxins
-Is frequently reversible
Phases:
1. Onset or Initiating phase: time from onset of the precipitating
event until tubular injury occurs
2. Maintenance Phase: a marked decrease in GFR
3. Recovery Phase: period during which repair of renal tissue
takes place
Causes:
-Acute tubular damage: prolonged renal ischemia, sepsis,
nephrotoxic effects of drugs, Tubular obstruction, Toxins from
massive infection, Renal disease
Susceptibility:
-Extensive surgery
-Severe hypovolemia
Solutions
Acute Bacterial Prostatitis Correct Answers "Inflamed
Prostate"
-Considered a subtype of UTI
From gram - bacteria
Manifestations:
-Fever
-chills
-malaise
-Frequent /urgent urination
-Dysuria
-Dull/aching perineal pain is often present
-Urine may be cloudy and malodorous
Rectal exam:
-swollen
-Tender
-Warm prostate with scattered soft areas
Prostatic Massage:
-Produces thick discharge with WBCs that grow pathogens on
culture
Treatment:
-Antibiotics
-Bed rest
-Adequate hydration
-Antipyretic
,-Analgesics
-Stool softeners
*A thorough urologic exam is usually performed after treatment
is done to rule out anatomic abnormalities*
Acute Leukemia Correct Answers Sudden onset with
symptoms of depressed bone marrow function
-Anemia
-Fatigue
-Bleeding
-Infections
Bone pain
Hepatosplenomegaly
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia mainly in children
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia-Mainly in adults
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Correct Answers
Found in lymphoid cells
Grows quickly
Common in children
6,000 cases a year
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Correct Answers Found in
myeloid cells
,Grows quickly
Common in adults and children
18,000 cases a year
Acute Renal Failure Correct Answers Caused by conditions
that produce acute shutdown in renal function
-Prerenal Failure: decreased blood flow to the kidney
(congestive heart failure)
-Intrarenal Failure: disorders that disrupt the structures in the
kidney
-Postrenal Failure: Disorders that interfere with the elimination
of urine from the kidney
Signs and Symptoms:
-Abrupt onset
-Often reversible
-Inability to concentrate the urine
-Proteinuria
-Hemoglobinuria
-Casts or crystals in urine
-Decrease in GFR
-Azotemia: (anuria, fatigue, tremor, dementia, pale skin,
tachycardia, dry mouth, thirst, edema, Orthostatic hypotension,
uremic frost, SOB)
, *Conventional markers to assess GFR do not manifest for 1-2
days AFTER acute renal failure has begun
Acute Tubular Necrosis Correct Answers An intrarenal cause
of acute kidney failure
Destruction of tubular epithelial cells with acute suppression of
renal function
-Tubular epithelial cells are particularly sensitive to ischemia
and also vulnerable to toxins
-Is frequently reversible
Phases:
1. Onset or Initiating phase: time from onset of the precipitating
event until tubular injury occurs
2. Maintenance Phase: a marked decrease in GFR
3. Recovery Phase: period during which repair of renal tissue
takes place
Causes:
-Acute tubular damage: prolonged renal ischemia, sepsis,
nephrotoxic effects of drugs, Tubular obstruction, Toxins from
massive infection, Renal disease
Susceptibility:
-Extensive surgery
-Severe hypovolemia
