Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for Clinical Practice 2nd Edition Tkacs

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Test68Bank68Advanced68Physiology68and68Pathophysiology68Essentials68for68Clinical68Practice681st 1
68Edition68Tkacs




Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for
Clinical Practice 2nd Edition Tkacs


Chapter681.68THE68 FOUNDATIONAL68 CONCEPTS68OF68CLINICALPRACT
ICE


1.
The68characteristic,68 localized68 cardinal68signs68 of68acute68inflammation68 includ
e:
A) fever.

B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.


2.
The68vascular,68hemodynamic68stage68of68acute68inflammation68is68initia
ted68by68momentary68vasoconstriction68followed68by68vasodilation68that68c

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Test68Bank68Advanced68Physiology68and68Pathophysiology68Essentials68for68Clinical68Practice681st 1
68Edition68Tkacs auses68localized:




A) bleeding.
B) congestion.
C) pale68skin.

D) coolness.


3.
The68cellular68stage68of68acute68inflammation68is68marked68by68the68mo
vement68of68leukocytes68into68the68area.68Which68of68the68following68cells
68arrives68early68in68great68numbers?

A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets

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Test68Bank68Advanced68Physiology68and68Pathophysiology68Essentials68for68Clinical68Practice681st 2
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4.
The68phagocytosis68process68involves68three68distinct68steps.68What68i
s68the68initial68step68in68the68process?
A) Engulfment
B) Intracellular68killing

C) Antigen68margination
D) Recognition68and68 adherence


5.
Which68of68the68following68mediators68of68inflammation68causes68increase
d68capillary68permeability68and68pain?
A) Serotonin

B) Histamine

C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric68oxide


6.
Inflammatory68exudates68are68a68combination68of68several68types.68W
hich68of68the68following68exudates68is68composed68of68enmeshed68necr
otic68cells?
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous

C) Suppurative
D) Membranous


7. The68acute-
phase68systemic68response68usually68begins68within68hours68of68the68onset6
8of68inflammation68and68includes:

A) fever68and68 lethargy.
B) decreased68C-reactive68 protein.

C) positive68nitrogen68balance.
D) low68erythrocyte68 sedimentation68rate.


8.
In68contrast68to68acute68inflammation,68chronic68inflammation68is68chara
cterized68by68which68of68the68following68phenomena?

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A) Profuse68fibrinous68exudation
B) A68shift68to68the68left68 of68granulocytes
C) Metabolic68and68 respiratory68alkalosis
D) Lymphocytosis68 and68activated68 macrophages


9. Exogenous68pyrogens68(interleukin-
1)68and68the68presence68of68bacteria68in68the68blood68lead68to68the68release68
of68endogenous68pyrogens68that:
A) stabilize68thermal68control68in68the68 brain.

B) produce68 leukocytosis68 and68 anorexia.
C) block68viral68replication68in68cells.

D) inhibit68prostaglandin68release.


10
An68older68adult68patient68 has68just68sheared68 the68skin68on68her68elbow68 while
68 attempted
.
to68boost68herself68up68in68bed,68an68event68that68has68precipitated68acute
68inflammation68in68the68region68surrounding68the68wound.68Which68of68th
e68following68events68will68occur68during68the68vascular68stage68of68the68p
atients68inflammation?
A) Outpouring68of68exudate68into68 interstitial68spaces
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation68of68leukocytes68along68the68epithelium
D) Phagocytosis68 of68cellular68debris


11
Which68of68the68 following68 individuals68most68 likely68has68the68 highest68risk68
of
. experiencing68chronic68 inflammation?
A) A68patient68 who68has68 recently68been68diagnosed68 with68type68 268 diabetes
B) A68patient68who68 is68a68carrier68 of68an68antibiotic-resistant68 organism

C)
A68patient68who68 is68taking68 oral68antibiotics68 for68 an68upper68 respiratory68i
nfection
D)
A68patient68who68is68 morbidly68obese68and68 who68has68 a68 sedentary68lifestyl
e