HESI Pharmacology Practice Exam
Questions And Answers
Ai43-year-
oldifemaleiclientiisireceivingithyroidireplacementihormoneifollowingiaithyroidectomy.iWhati
adverseieffectsiassociatediwithithyroidihormoneitoxicityishoulditheinurseiinstructitheiclientit
oireportipromptlyitoitheihealthcareiprovider?
a.iTinnitusiandidizziness.
b.iTachycardiaiandichestipain.
c.iDryiskiniandiintoleranceitoicold.
d.iWeightigainiandiincreasediappetite.i-ib.iTachycardiaiandichestipain.
Thyroidireplacementihormoneiincreasesitheimetabolicirateiofiallitissues,isoicommonisignsia
ndisymptomsiofitoxicityiincludeitachycardiaiandichestipaini(B).i(A,iC,iandiD)idoinotiindicateiai
thyroidihormoneitoxicity.
AicategoryiXidrugiisiprescribediforiaiyoungiadultifemaleiclient.iWhichiinstructioniisimostiimpo
rtantiforitheinurseitoiteachithisiclient?
a.iUseiaireliableiformiofibirthicontrol.
b.iAvoidiexposureitoiultraivioletilight.
c.iRefuseithisimedicationiifiplanningipregnancy.
d.iAbstainifromiintercourseiwhileionithisidrug.i-ia.iUseiaireliableiformiofibirthicontrol.
DrugsiclassifiediinitheicategoryiXiplaceiaiclientiwhoiisiinitheifirstitrimesteriofipregnancyiatiriski
foriteratogenesis,isoiwomeniinitheichildbearingiyearsishouldibeicounseleditoiuseiaireliableif
ormiofibirthicontroli(A)iduringidrugitherapy.i(B)iisinotiaispecificiprecautioniwithiCategoryiXidr
ugs.iTheiclientishouldibeiencourageditoidiscussiplansiforipregnancyiwithitheihealthcareipro
vider,isoiaisaferialternativeiprescriptioni(C)icanibeiprovidediifipregnancyioccurs.iAlthoughith
eiriskiofibirthidefectsiduringipregnancyiexplainsitheirestrictioniofitheseidrugsiduringipregnan
cy,i(D)iisinotiindicated.
Aiclientiasksitheinurseiifiglipizidei(Glucotrol)iisianioraliinsulin.iWhichiresponseishoulditheinur
seiprovide?
a.i"Yes,iitiisianioraliinsuliniandihasitheisameiactionsiandipropertiesiasiintermediateiinsulin."
b.i"Yes,iitiisianioraliinsuliniandiisidistributed,imetabolized,iandiexcretediinitheisameimanneria
siinsulin."
c.i"No,iitiisinotianioraliinsuliniandicanibeiusedionlyiwhenisomeibetaicellifunctioniisipresent."
,d.i"No,iitiisinotianioraliinsulin,ibutiitiisieffectiveiforithoseiwhoiareiresistantitoiinjectableiinsulins
."i-
ic.i"No,iitiisinotianioraliinsuliniandicanibeiusedionlyiwhenisomeibetaicellifunctioniisipresent."
Anieffectiveioraliformiofiinsulinihasinotiyetibeenidevelopedi(C)ibecauseiwheniinsuliniisitakeni
orally,iitiisidestroyedibyidigestiveienzymes.iGlipizidei(Glucotrol)iisianioralihypoglycemiciage
ntithatienhancesipancreaticiproductioniofiinsulin.i(A,iB,iandiD)idoinotiprovideiaccurateiinfor
mation.
AiclientihasiaicontinuousiIViinfusioniofidopaminei(Intropin)iandianiIViofinormalisalineiati50iml
/hour.iTheinurseinotesithatitheiclient'siurinaryioutputihasibeeni20iml/houriforitheilastitwoihour
s.iWhichiinterventionishoulditheinurseiinitiate?
a.iStopitheiinfusioniofidopamine.
b.iChangeitheinormalisalineitoiaikeepiopenirate.
c.iReplaceitheiurinaryicatheter.
d.iNotifyitheihealthcareiprovideriofitheiurinaryioutput.i-
id.iNotifyitheihealthcareiprovideriofitheiurinaryioutput.
Theimainieffectiofidopamineiisiadrenergicistimulationiuseditoiincreaseicardiacioutput,iwhichi
shouldialsoiresultiiniincreasediurinaryioutput.iAiurinaryioutputiofilessithani20iml/houriisioligur
iaiandishouldibeireporteditoitheihealthcareiprovideri(D)isoithatitheidoseiofidopamineicanibeia
djusted.iDependingionitheicurrentirateiofiadministration,itheidoseimayineeditoibeiincreasedi
oridecreased.iIfitheidoseiisidecreased,iitishouldibeititratedidown,iratherithaniabruptlyidiscont
inuedi(A).iFluidiintakeimayineeditoibeiincreased,iratherithani(B).iTheiurinaryicatheteriisidrain
ingiandidoesinotineeditoibeireplacedi(C).
Aiclientihasimyxedema,iwhichiresultsifromiaideficiencyiofithyroidihormoneisynthesisiiniadult
s.iTheinurseiknowsithatiwhichimedicationiwouldibeicontraindicatediforithisiclient?
a.iLiothyroninei(Cytomel)itoireplaceiiodine.
b.iFurosemidei(Lasix)iforireliefiofifluidiretention.
c.iPentobarbitalisodiumi(NembutaliSodium)iforisleep.
d.iNitroglycerini(Nitrostat)iforianginaipain.i-
ic.iPentobarbitalisodiumi(NembutaliSodium)iforisleep.
Personsiwithimyxedemaiareidangerouslyihypersensitiveitoinarcotics,ibarbituratesi(C),iandi
anesthetics.iTheyidoitolerateiliothyroninei(Cytomel)i(A)iandiusuallyireceiveiiodineireplacem
entitherapy.iTheseiclientsiareialsoisusceptibleitoiheartiproblemsisuchiasianginaiforiwhichinit
roglycerini(Nitrostat)i(D)iwouldibeiindicated,iandicongestiveiheartifailureiforiwhichifurosemi
dei(Lasix)i(B)iwouldibeiindicated.
Aiclientiisiadmitteditoitheicoronaryicareiunitiwithiaimedicalidiagnosisiofiacuteimyocardialiinfa
rction.iWhichimedicationiprescriptionidecreasesibothipreloadiandiafterload?
a.iNitroglycerin.
, b.iPropranololi(Inderal).
c.iMorphine.
d.iCaptoprili(Capoten).i-ia.iNitroglycerin.
Nitroglycerini(A)iisiainitrateithaticausesiperipheralivasodilationiandidecreasesicontractility,it
herebyidecreasingibothipreloadiandiafterload.i(B)iisiaibetaiadrenergiciblockerithatidecrease
sibothiheartirateiandicontractility,ibutionlyidecreasesiafterload.iMorphinei(C)idecreasesimyo
cardialioxygeniconsumptioniandipreload.iCapoteni(D)iisianiangiotensiniconvertingienzymei
(ACE)iinhibitorithatiactsitoipreventsivasoconstriction,itherebyidecreasingibloodipressureian
diafterload.
Aiclientiisiadmitteditoitheihospitaliforidiagnosticitestingiforipossibleimyastheniaigravis.iThein
urseipreparesiforiintravenousiadministrationiofiedrophoniumichloridei(Tensilon).iWhatiisith
eiexpectedioutcomeiforithisiclientifollowingiadministrationiofithisipharmacologiciagent?
a.iProgressiveidifficultyiwithiswallowing.
b.iDecreasedirespiratoryieffort.
c.iImprovementiinigeneralizedifatigue.
d.iDecreasedimuscleiweakness.i-id.iDecreasedimuscleiweakness.
Administrationiofiedrophoniumichloridei(Tensilon),iaicholinergiciagent,iwillitemporarilyiredu
ceimuscleiweaknessi(D),itheimosticommonicomplaintiofinewly-
diagnosediclientsiwithimyastheniaigravis.iThisimedicationiisiuseditoidiagnoseimyastheniaig
ravisidueitoiitsishortidurationiofiaction.iThisidrugiwoulditemporarilyireversei(AiandiB),inotiincr
easeitheseisymptoms.i(C)iisinotiaitypicalicomplaintioficlientsiwithimyastheniaigravis,ibutiwe
aknessiofispecificimuscles,iespeciallyiafteriprolongediuse,iisiaicommonisymptom.
Aiclientiisibeingitreatediforihyperthyroidismiwithipropylthiouracili(PTU).iTheinurseiknowsitha
titheiactioniofithisidrugiisito
a.idecreaseitheiamountiofithyroid-stimulatingihormoneicirculatingiinitheiblood.
b.iincreaseitheiamountiofithyroid-stimulatingihormoneicirculatingiinitheiblood.
c.iincreaseitheiamountiofiT4iandidecreaseitheiamountiofiT3iproducedibyitheithyroid.
d.iinhibitisynthesisiofiT3iandiT4ibyitheithyroidigland.i-
id.iinhibitisynthesisiofiT3iandiT4ibyitheithyroidigland.
PTUiisianiadjunctitherapyiuseditoicontrolihyperthyroidismibyiinhibitingiproductioniofithyroidi
hormonesi(D).iItiisiofteniprescribediinipreparationiforithyroidectomyioriradioactiveiiodineithe
rapy.iThyroid-
stimulatingihormonei(TSH)iisiproducedibyitheipituitaryigland,iandiPTUidoesinotiaffectitheipit
uitaryi(AiandiB).iPTUiinhibitsitheisynthesisiofiallithyroidihormones--bothiT3iandiT4(C).
Aiclientiisibeingitreatediforiosteoporosisiwithialendronatei(Fosamax),ianditheinurseihasicom
pletedidischargeiteachingiregardingimedicationiadministration.iWhichimorningischeduleiw
ouldiindicateitoitheinurseithatitheiclientiteachingihasibeenieffective?
Questions And Answers
Ai43-year-
oldifemaleiclientiisireceivingithyroidireplacementihormoneifollowingiaithyroidectomy.iWhati
adverseieffectsiassociatediwithithyroidihormoneitoxicityishoulditheinurseiinstructitheiclientit
oireportipromptlyitoitheihealthcareiprovider?
a.iTinnitusiandidizziness.
b.iTachycardiaiandichestipain.
c.iDryiskiniandiintoleranceitoicold.
d.iWeightigainiandiincreasediappetite.i-ib.iTachycardiaiandichestipain.
Thyroidireplacementihormoneiincreasesitheimetabolicirateiofiallitissues,isoicommonisignsia
ndisymptomsiofitoxicityiincludeitachycardiaiandichestipaini(B).i(A,iC,iandiD)idoinotiindicateiai
thyroidihormoneitoxicity.
AicategoryiXidrugiisiprescribediforiaiyoungiadultifemaleiclient.iWhichiinstructioniisimostiimpo
rtantiforitheinurseitoiteachithisiclient?
a.iUseiaireliableiformiofibirthicontrol.
b.iAvoidiexposureitoiultraivioletilight.
c.iRefuseithisimedicationiifiplanningipregnancy.
d.iAbstainifromiintercourseiwhileionithisidrug.i-ia.iUseiaireliableiformiofibirthicontrol.
DrugsiclassifiediinitheicategoryiXiplaceiaiclientiwhoiisiinitheifirstitrimesteriofipregnancyiatiriski
foriteratogenesis,isoiwomeniinitheichildbearingiyearsishouldibeicounseleditoiuseiaireliableif
ormiofibirthicontroli(A)iduringidrugitherapy.i(B)iisinotiaispecificiprecautioniwithiCategoryiXidr
ugs.iTheiclientishouldibeiencourageditoidiscussiplansiforipregnancyiwithitheihealthcareipro
vider,isoiaisaferialternativeiprescriptioni(C)icanibeiprovidediifipregnancyioccurs.iAlthoughith
eiriskiofibirthidefectsiduringipregnancyiexplainsitheirestrictioniofitheseidrugsiduringipregnan
cy,i(D)iisinotiindicated.
Aiclientiasksitheinurseiifiglipizidei(Glucotrol)iisianioraliinsulin.iWhichiresponseishoulditheinur
seiprovide?
a.i"Yes,iitiisianioraliinsuliniandihasitheisameiactionsiandipropertiesiasiintermediateiinsulin."
b.i"Yes,iitiisianioraliinsuliniandiisidistributed,imetabolized,iandiexcretediinitheisameimanneria
siinsulin."
c.i"No,iitiisinotianioraliinsuliniandicanibeiusedionlyiwhenisomeibetaicellifunctioniisipresent."
,d.i"No,iitiisinotianioraliinsulin,ibutiitiisieffectiveiforithoseiwhoiareiresistantitoiinjectableiinsulins
."i-
ic.i"No,iitiisinotianioraliinsuliniandicanibeiusedionlyiwhenisomeibetaicellifunctioniisipresent."
Anieffectiveioraliformiofiinsulinihasinotiyetibeenidevelopedi(C)ibecauseiwheniinsuliniisitakeni
orally,iitiisidestroyedibyidigestiveienzymes.iGlipizidei(Glucotrol)iisianioralihypoglycemiciage
ntithatienhancesipancreaticiproductioniofiinsulin.i(A,iB,iandiD)idoinotiprovideiaccurateiinfor
mation.
AiclientihasiaicontinuousiIViinfusioniofidopaminei(Intropin)iandianiIViofinormalisalineiati50iml
/hour.iTheinurseinotesithatitheiclient'siurinaryioutputihasibeeni20iml/houriforitheilastitwoihour
s.iWhichiinterventionishoulditheinurseiinitiate?
a.iStopitheiinfusioniofidopamine.
b.iChangeitheinormalisalineitoiaikeepiopenirate.
c.iReplaceitheiurinaryicatheter.
d.iNotifyitheihealthcareiprovideriofitheiurinaryioutput.i-
id.iNotifyitheihealthcareiprovideriofitheiurinaryioutput.
Theimainieffectiofidopamineiisiadrenergicistimulationiuseditoiincreaseicardiacioutput,iwhichi
shouldialsoiresultiiniincreasediurinaryioutput.iAiurinaryioutputiofilessithani20iml/houriisioligur
iaiandishouldibeireporteditoitheihealthcareiprovideri(D)isoithatitheidoseiofidopamineicanibeia
djusted.iDependingionitheicurrentirateiofiadministration,itheidoseimayineeditoibeiincreasedi
oridecreased.iIfitheidoseiisidecreased,iitishouldibeititratedidown,iratherithaniabruptlyidiscont
inuedi(A).iFluidiintakeimayineeditoibeiincreased,iratherithani(B).iTheiurinaryicatheteriisidrain
ingiandidoesinotineeditoibeireplacedi(C).
Aiclientihasimyxedema,iwhichiresultsifromiaideficiencyiofithyroidihormoneisynthesisiiniadult
s.iTheinurseiknowsithatiwhichimedicationiwouldibeicontraindicatediforithisiclient?
a.iLiothyroninei(Cytomel)itoireplaceiiodine.
b.iFurosemidei(Lasix)iforireliefiofifluidiretention.
c.iPentobarbitalisodiumi(NembutaliSodium)iforisleep.
d.iNitroglycerini(Nitrostat)iforianginaipain.i-
ic.iPentobarbitalisodiumi(NembutaliSodium)iforisleep.
Personsiwithimyxedemaiareidangerouslyihypersensitiveitoinarcotics,ibarbituratesi(C),iandi
anesthetics.iTheyidoitolerateiliothyroninei(Cytomel)i(A)iandiusuallyireceiveiiodineireplacem
entitherapy.iTheseiclientsiareialsoisusceptibleitoiheartiproblemsisuchiasianginaiforiwhichinit
roglycerini(Nitrostat)i(D)iwouldibeiindicated,iandicongestiveiheartifailureiforiwhichifurosemi
dei(Lasix)i(B)iwouldibeiindicated.
Aiclientiisiadmitteditoitheicoronaryicareiunitiwithiaimedicalidiagnosisiofiacuteimyocardialiinfa
rction.iWhichimedicationiprescriptionidecreasesibothipreloadiandiafterload?
a.iNitroglycerin.
, b.iPropranololi(Inderal).
c.iMorphine.
d.iCaptoprili(Capoten).i-ia.iNitroglycerin.
Nitroglycerini(A)iisiainitrateithaticausesiperipheralivasodilationiandidecreasesicontractility,it
herebyidecreasingibothipreloadiandiafterload.i(B)iisiaibetaiadrenergiciblockerithatidecrease
sibothiheartirateiandicontractility,ibutionlyidecreasesiafterload.iMorphinei(C)idecreasesimyo
cardialioxygeniconsumptioniandipreload.iCapoteni(D)iisianiangiotensiniconvertingienzymei
(ACE)iinhibitorithatiactsitoipreventsivasoconstriction,itherebyidecreasingibloodipressureian
diafterload.
Aiclientiisiadmitteditoitheihospitaliforidiagnosticitestingiforipossibleimyastheniaigravis.iThein
urseipreparesiforiintravenousiadministrationiofiedrophoniumichloridei(Tensilon).iWhatiisith
eiexpectedioutcomeiforithisiclientifollowingiadministrationiofithisipharmacologiciagent?
a.iProgressiveidifficultyiwithiswallowing.
b.iDecreasedirespiratoryieffort.
c.iImprovementiinigeneralizedifatigue.
d.iDecreasedimuscleiweakness.i-id.iDecreasedimuscleiweakness.
Administrationiofiedrophoniumichloridei(Tensilon),iaicholinergiciagent,iwillitemporarilyiredu
ceimuscleiweaknessi(D),itheimosticommonicomplaintiofinewly-
diagnosediclientsiwithimyastheniaigravis.iThisimedicationiisiuseditoidiagnoseimyastheniaig
ravisidueitoiitsishortidurationiofiaction.iThisidrugiwoulditemporarilyireversei(AiandiB),inotiincr
easeitheseisymptoms.i(C)iisinotiaitypicalicomplaintioficlientsiwithimyastheniaigravis,ibutiwe
aknessiofispecificimuscles,iespeciallyiafteriprolongediuse,iisiaicommonisymptom.
Aiclientiisibeingitreatediforihyperthyroidismiwithipropylthiouracili(PTU).iTheinurseiknowsitha
titheiactioniofithisidrugiisito
a.idecreaseitheiamountiofithyroid-stimulatingihormoneicirculatingiinitheiblood.
b.iincreaseitheiamountiofithyroid-stimulatingihormoneicirculatingiinitheiblood.
c.iincreaseitheiamountiofiT4iandidecreaseitheiamountiofiT3iproducedibyitheithyroid.
d.iinhibitisynthesisiofiT3iandiT4ibyitheithyroidigland.i-
id.iinhibitisynthesisiofiT3iandiT4ibyitheithyroidigland.
PTUiisianiadjunctitherapyiuseditoicontrolihyperthyroidismibyiinhibitingiproductioniofithyroidi
hormonesi(D).iItiisiofteniprescribediinipreparationiforithyroidectomyioriradioactiveiiodineithe
rapy.iThyroid-
stimulatingihormonei(TSH)iisiproducedibyitheipituitaryigland,iandiPTUidoesinotiaffectitheipit
uitaryi(AiandiB).iPTUiinhibitsitheisynthesisiofiallithyroidihormones--bothiT3iandiT4(C).
Aiclientiisibeingitreatediforiosteoporosisiwithialendronatei(Fosamax),ianditheinurseihasicom
pletedidischargeiteachingiregardingimedicationiadministration.iWhichimorningischeduleiw
ouldiindicateitoitheinurseithatitheiclientiteachingihasibeenieffective?