RNSG 1341 Test 3: Lower GI questions
well answered to pass
Lower GI Dx Tests - correct answer ✔✔-barium swallow with small bowel follow
through
-barium enema
-colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, proctoscopy
-laparoscopy, laparotomy
Main difference btwn laparoscopy and laparotomy? - correct answer
✔✔Laparoscopy is done with a scope and camera and laparotomy is a complete
opening of the gut.
Preparation for Barium Enema: - correct answer ✔✔-complete emptying of the
bowel using laxative or enemas on day prior and day of test
-clear liquids the day before the test
-NPO day of test
Teaching for Barium Enema: - correct answer ✔✔-cramping and urge to defecate
may occur during procedure
-several positions will be used for films
-barium will clear in 1-2 days
-INCREASE fluids to prevent constipation
-white stools possible d/t barium
-may need laxative or suppository to clear bowel
,Teaching for Barium Swallow: - correct answer ✔✔same as barium enema
Endoscopy - correct answer ✔✔-can go in from "above" or "below"
-allows for biopsy and removal of polyps
-prep is same as barium enema
Endoscopy Teaching: - correct answer ✔✔-Sedation used --> must have ride home
-May have cramping caused by air injected into bowel
Post-Endoscopy Nursing Care - correct answer ✔✔Observe for bleeding and s/s of
perforation:
-abd distention, pain, feeling of need to defecate when bowels are empty
Lower GI dx Labs - correct answer ✔✔-Stool specimen: occult blood, ova,
parasites, C&S
-Serum electrolytes: fluid volume deficits; hypovolemia
-CBC w diff: H&H more concentrated with diarrhea
-ESR: nonspecific indicator or inflammation and infeciton
Diarrhea - correct answer ✔✔-the passage of at least 3 loose or liquid stools/day
-is a symptom, not a disease
-chronic if lasts 4+ weeks
Causes fo Diarrhea - correct answer ✔✔-decreased fluid absorption
, -increased fluid secretion d/t inflammation, infection, tumors, polyps, etc.
-motility disturbances
-any combo of the above
Diarrhea most commonly results from _____________. - correct answer
✔✔Infection (viral, bacterial, parasitic)
S/Sx Diarrhea - correct answer ✔✔-explosive, water stools
-abd cramping or pain
-leukocytes, blood and/or mucus may be found in stool depending on causative
agent
-perianal skin irritation
-N/V
Dx Studies for Diarrhea - correct answer ✔✔-H&P --> necessary to figure out
cause
-Fecal stool and culture
-CBC, CMP
Diarrhea: Qs for H&P - correct answer ✔✔-Foreign travel?
-Foods? Meds? Hospitalizations?
-Change in diet?
-Stress?
-Friends or family ill?
well answered to pass
Lower GI Dx Tests - correct answer ✔✔-barium swallow with small bowel follow
through
-barium enema
-colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, proctoscopy
-laparoscopy, laparotomy
Main difference btwn laparoscopy and laparotomy? - correct answer
✔✔Laparoscopy is done with a scope and camera and laparotomy is a complete
opening of the gut.
Preparation for Barium Enema: - correct answer ✔✔-complete emptying of the
bowel using laxative or enemas on day prior and day of test
-clear liquids the day before the test
-NPO day of test
Teaching for Barium Enema: - correct answer ✔✔-cramping and urge to defecate
may occur during procedure
-several positions will be used for films
-barium will clear in 1-2 days
-INCREASE fluids to prevent constipation
-white stools possible d/t barium
-may need laxative or suppository to clear bowel
,Teaching for Barium Swallow: - correct answer ✔✔same as barium enema
Endoscopy - correct answer ✔✔-can go in from "above" or "below"
-allows for biopsy and removal of polyps
-prep is same as barium enema
Endoscopy Teaching: - correct answer ✔✔-Sedation used --> must have ride home
-May have cramping caused by air injected into bowel
Post-Endoscopy Nursing Care - correct answer ✔✔Observe for bleeding and s/s of
perforation:
-abd distention, pain, feeling of need to defecate when bowels are empty
Lower GI dx Labs - correct answer ✔✔-Stool specimen: occult blood, ova,
parasites, C&S
-Serum electrolytes: fluid volume deficits; hypovolemia
-CBC w diff: H&H more concentrated with diarrhea
-ESR: nonspecific indicator or inflammation and infeciton
Diarrhea - correct answer ✔✔-the passage of at least 3 loose or liquid stools/day
-is a symptom, not a disease
-chronic if lasts 4+ weeks
Causes fo Diarrhea - correct answer ✔✔-decreased fluid absorption
, -increased fluid secretion d/t inflammation, infection, tumors, polyps, etc.
-motility disturbances
-any combo of the above
Diarrhea most commonly results from _____________. - correct answer
✔✔Infection (viral, bacterial, parasitic)
S/Sx Diarrhea - correct answer ✔✔-explosive, water stools
-abd cramping or pain
-leukocytes, blood and/or mucus may be found in stool depending on causative
agent
-perianal skin irritation
-N/V
Dx Studies for Diarrhea - correct answer ✔✔-H&P --> necessary to figure out
cause
-Fecal stool and culture
-CBC, CMP
Diarrhea: Qs for H&P - correct answer ✔✔-Foreign travel?
-Foods? Meds? Hospitalizations?
-Change in diet?
-Stress?
-Friends or family ill?
