RNSG 1341 Final Exam: Urinary with
100% correct answers
UTI is ______ most common bacterial disease. - correct answer ✔✔UTI is the
SECOND most common bacterial disease.
Why do women have UTIs more often than men? - correct answer ✔✔d/t length
of urethra. UTI is the most common bacterial infection in women. 1/3 of women
will have UTI by 24 y/o.
A small number of healthy individuals have colonizing bacteria in the bladder. This
called what and who specifically should be treated? - correct answer
✔✔Asymptomatic bacteriuria. Treatment is not justified except in pregnant
women.
What is the most common cause of UTIs in hospitalized patients? - correct answer
✔✔Catheter-acquired UTIs (CAUTIs) are the most common HAI and are caused by
development of bacterial biofilms that are found on the inner surface of the
catheter. (Lewis, pg. 1123)
What is the most common pathogen causing UTIs? - correct answer ✔✔E. coli is
the most common. Pseudomonas are less frequently responsible for CAUTIs.
The urinary tract above the _______ is normally sterile. - correct answer
✔✔urethra
Pyelonephritis = - correct answer ✔✔Infection of the renal parenchyma and
collecting system (renal pelvis)—a kidney infection.
,Cystitis = - correct answer ✔✔Inflammation of the urinary bladder and
characterized by pain, urgency, and frequency of urination as well as hematuria.
urethritis = - correct answer ✔✔Inflammation of the urethra.
Urosepsis = - correct answer ✔✔UTI that has spread into systemic circulation and
is a life-threatening condition requiring emergency tx.
Normal defenses against UTIs - correct answer ✔✔*Normal voiding with
complete emptying of the bladder
*Ureterovesical junction competence
*Peristaltic activity that propels urine towards the bladder.
*Antibacterial characteristics of urine maintained by a pH < 6.0
*High urea concentration
*Abundant glycoproteins that interfere with the growth of bacteria.
Organisms that cause UTIs originate where? - correct answer ✔✔The perineum
and are introduced via the ascending route from the urethra.
Upper Urinary Tract Infection (UUTI) - correct answer ✔✔-upper urinary tract =
kidneys and ureters
(above the bladder)
-S&S: fever, chills, and flank pain
(systemic manifestations)
-ex: pyelonephritis
, Lower Urinary Tract Infection (LUTI) - correct answer ✔✔-lower urinary tract =
bladder and urethra
-S&S: dysuria, urgency, and suprapubic discomfort or pressure. The urine may
contain grossly visible blood or sediment.
-ex: cystitis or urethritis
Hesitancy: - correct answer ✔✔difficulty startin urine stream; delay btwn
initiation of urnation and beginning of flow of urine.
Intermittency: - correct answer ✔✔interruption of urinary stream while voiding
Post Void Dribbling: - correct answer ✔✔urine loss after completion of voiding
Urinary Retention: - correct answer ✔✔inability to empty urine from bladder; can
be acute or chronic.
Anuria - correct answer ✔✔non-passage of urine; less than 50 mL per day; often
synonymous with renal failure.
Dysuria - correct answer ✔✔difficulty voiding
Pyuria - correct answer ✔✔pus in the urine; urine may appear cloudy or milky.
Glycosuria - correct answer ✔✔excretion of glucose into the urine.
100% correct answers
UTI is ______ most common bacterial disease. - correct answer ✔✔UTI is the
SECOND most common bacterial disease.
Why do women have UTIs more often than men? - correct answer ✔✔d/t length
of urethra. UTI is the most common bacterial infection in women. 1/3 of women
will have UTI by 24 y/o.
A small number of healthy individuals have colonizing bacteria in the bladder. This
called what and who specifically should be treated? - correct answer
✔✔Asymptomatic bacteriuria. Treatment is not justified except in pregnant
women.
What is the most common cause of UTIs in hospitalized patients? - correct answer
✔✔Catheter-acquired UTIs (CAUTIs) are the most common HAI and are caused by
development of bacterial biofilms that are found on the inner surface of the
catheter. (Lewis, pg. 1123)
What is the most common pathogen causing UTIs? - correct answer ✔✔E. coli is
the most common. Pseudomonas are less frequently responsible for CAUTIs.
The urinary tract above the _______ is normally sterile. - correct answer
✔✔urethra
Pyelonephritis = - correct answer ✔✔Infection of the renal parenchyma and
collecting system (renal pelvis)—a kidney infection.
,Cystitis = - correct answer ✔✔Inflammation of the urinary bladder and
characterized by pain, urgency, and frequency of urination as well as hematuria.
urethritis = - correct answer ✔✔Inflammation of the urethra.
Urosepsis = - correct answer ✔✔UTI that has spread into systemic circulation and
is a life-threatening condition requiring emergency tx.
Normal defenses against UTIs - correct answer ✔✔*Normal voiding with
complete emptying of the bladder
*Ureterovesical junction competence
*Peristaltic activity that propels urine towards the bladder.
*Antibacterial characteristics of urine maintained by a pH < 6.0
*High urea concentration
*Abundant glycoproteins that interfere with the growth of bacteria.
Organisms that cause UTIs originate where? - correct answer ✔✔The perineum
and are introduced via the ascending route from the urethra.
Upper Urinary Tract Infection (UUTI) - correct answer ✔✔-upper urinary tract =
kidneys and ureters
(above the bladder)
-S&S: fever, chills, and flank pain
(systemic manifestations)
-ex: pyelonephritis
, Lower Urinary Tract Infection (LUTI) - correct answer ✔✔-lower urinary tract =
bladder and urethra
-S&S: dysuria, urgency, and suprapubic discomfort or pressure. The urine may
contain grossly visible blood or sediment.
-ex: cystitis or urethritis
Hesitancy: - correct answer ✔✔difficulty startin urine stream; delay btwn
initiation of urnation and beginning of flow of urine.
Intermittency: - correct answer ✔✔interruption of urinary stream while voiding
Post Void Dribbling: - correct answer ✔✔urine loss after completion of voiding
Urinary Retention: - correct answer ✔✔inability to empty urine from bladder; can
be acute or chronic.
Anuria - correct answer ✔✔non-passage of urine; less than 50 mL per day; often
synonymous with renal failure.
Dysuria - correct answer ✔✔difficulty voiding
Pyuria - correct answer ✔✔pus in the urine; urine may appear cloudy or milky.
Glycosuria - correct answer ✔✔excretion of glucose into the urine.
