Nursing Fundamental Exam Study Practice
Questions & Answers Latest Solution
Origination of the word "nurse" - ✔✔✔ - from the latin word "nutrix" meaning to nourish
When does discharge planning start? - ✔✔✔ - as soon as the patient comes in the door
Oral temperature for healthy adult - ✔✔✔ - 37.0 c, 98.6 f
Pulse rate for healthy adult - ✔✔✔ - 60-100 (80 average)
Respirations for healthy adult - ✔✔✔ - 12 to 20 breaths/min
Average blood pressure for healthy adult - ✔✔✔ - 120/80
Intermittent fever - ✔✔✔ - temperature returns to normal at least once every 24 hours
Remittent fever - ✔✔✔ - temperature does not return to normal and fluctuates a few degrees up and
down
Sustained or continuous fever - ✔✔✔ - temp remains above normal with minimal variations
Relapsing or recurrent fever - ✔✔✔ - temp returns to normal for one or more days with one or more
episodes of fever, each as long as several days
Rectal temp - ✔✔✔ - 37.5 c, 99.5 f
Axillary temp - ✔✔✔ - 36.5 c, 97.7 f
,Tympanic temp - ✔✔✔ - 37.5 c, 99.5 f
Forehead temp - ✔✔✔ - 34.4 c, 94.0 f
Heat production - ✔✔✔ - -primary source is metabolism
-hormones, muscle movements, exercise increase metabolism
-thyroid hormone and shivering also increase heat production
- energy production decreases and heat production increases
Sources of heat loss - ✔✔✔ - skin (primary source), evaporation of sweat, warming and humidifying
inspired air, eliminating urine and feces
Radiation - ✔✔✔ - diffusion of heat by electromagnetic waves (such as an uncovered head)
Factors affecting body temp - ✔✔✔ - -circadian rhythms
-age and gender
-physical activity
-state of health
-environmental temperature
Pulse is regulated by what? - ✔✔✔ - autonomic nervous system through cardiac sinoatrial node
Parasympathetic stimulation on pulse - ✔✔✔ - decreases heart rate
Sympathetic stimulation on pulse - ✔✔✔ - increases heart rate
Pulse rate - ✔✔✔ - the number of contractions over a peripheral artery in 1 minute
, Places you can record a pulse - ✔✔✔ - temporal, carotid, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal, posterior
tibial, dorsalis pedis
Pulmonary ventilation - ✔✔✔ - movement of air in and out of lungs
Diffusion - ✔✔✔ - exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli of lungs and circulating
blood
Perfusion - ✔✔✔ - exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between circulating blood and tissue cells
Eupnea - ✔✔✔ - normal, unlabored breathing, one respiration to four heartbeats
Tachypnea - ✔✔✔ - increased respiratory rate; may occur in response to increased metabolic rate
Bradypnea - ✔✔✔ - decreased respiratory rate; occurs in some pathologic conditions
Apnea - ✔✔✔ - periods when no breathing occurs
Dyspnea - ✔✔✔ - difficult or labored breathing
Orthopnea - ✔✔✔ - changes in breathing when sitting or standing
Assessing blood pressure - ✔✔✔ - -listening for korotkoff sounds w/ stethoscope
-first sound is systolic
-change or cessation of sound occurs: diastolic pressure
- brachial artery and popliteal artery are commonly used
Major classifications of hypertension - ✔✔✔ - -primary (essential): characterized by an increase
above normal in both systolic and diastolic pressures
Questions & Answers Latest Solution
Origination of the word "nurse" - ✔✔✔ - from the latin word "nutrix" meaning to nourish
When does discharge planning start? - ✔✔✔ - as soon as the patient comes in the door
Oral temperature for healthy adult - ✔✔✔ - 37.0 c, 98.6 f
Pulse rate for healthy adult - ✔✔✔ - 60-100 (80 average)
Respirations for healthy adult - ✔✔✔ - 12 to 20 breaths/min
Average blood pressure for healthy adult - ✔✔✔ - 120/80
Intermittent fever - ✔✔✔ - temperature returns to normal at least once every 24 hours
Remittent fever - ✔✔✔ - temperature does not return to normal and fluctuates a few degrees up and
down
Sustained or continuous fever - ✔✔✔ - temp remains above normal with minimal variations
Relapsing or recurrent fever - ✔✔✔ - temp returns to normal for one or more days with one or more
episodes of fever, each as long as several days
Rectal temp - ✔✔✔ - 37.5 c, 99.5 f
Axillary temp - ✔✔✔ - 36.5 c, 97.7 f
,Tympanic temp - ✔✔✔ - 37.5 c, 99.5 f
Forehead temp - ✔✔✔ - 34.4 c, 94.0 f
Heat production - ✔✔✔ - -primary source is metabolism
-hormones, muscle movements, exercise increase metabolism
-thyroid hormone and shivering also increase heat production
- energy production decreases and heat production increases
Sources of heat loss - ✔✔✔ - skin (primary source), evaporation of sweat, warming and humidifying
inspired air, eliminating urine and feces
Radiation - ✔✔✔ - diffusion of heat by electromagnetic waves (such as an uncovered head)
Factors affecting body temp - ✔✔✔ - -circadian rhythms
-age and gender
-physical activity
-state of health
-environmental temperature
Pulse is regulated by what? - ✔✔✔ - autonomic nervous system through cardiac sinoatrial node
Parasympathetic stimulation on pulse - ✔✔✔ - decreases heart rate
Sympathetic stimulation on pulse - ✔✔✔ - increases heart rate
Pulse rate - ✔✔✔ - the number of contractions over a peripheral artery in 1 minute
, Places you can record a pulse - ✔✔✔ - temporal, carotid, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal, posterior
tibial, dorsalis pedis
Pulmonary ventilation - ✔✔✔ - movement of air in and out of lungs
Diffusion - ✔✔✔ - exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli of lungs and circulating
blood
Perfusion - ✔✔✔ - exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between circulating blood and tissue cells
Eupnea - ✔✔✔ - normal, unlabored breathing, one respiration to four heartbeats
Tachypnea - ✔✔✔ - increased respiratory rate; may occur in response to increased metabolic rate
Bradypnea - ✔✔✔ - decreased respiratory rate; occurs in some pathologic conditions
Apnea - ✔✔✔ - periods when no breathing occurs
Dyspnea - ✔✔✔ - difficult or labored breathing
Orthopnea - ✔✔✔ - changes in breathing when sitting or standing
Assessing blood pressure - ✔✔✔ - -listening for korotkoff sounds w/ stethoscope
-first sound is systolic
-change or cessation of sound occurs: diastolic pressure
- brachial artery and popliteal artery are commonly used
Major classifications of hypertension - ✔✔✔ - -primary (essential): characterized by an increase
above normal in both systolic and diastolic pressures
