Syg 2000 exam 1 |61 Questions with
Detailed Answers
Sociological imagination - -Ability to see the connection between the larger
world and our personal lives
- How is sociological imagination used? - -To view the world socially by
moving away from viewing problems as personal troubles and toward
recognizing them as public issues.
- Sociology - -The scientific study of human social life, groups, and societies
- Social Theory - -A set of principles and propositions that explains the
relationships among social phenomena
- Functionalism - -The approach to understanding the role or contribution of
some event, activity, or institution to maintain the workings of society as a
whole (Comte and Durkheim)
- Conflict Theory - -A theory that looks at society as a competition for
limited resources (Marx)
- Symbolic Interactionism - -The theory in which society is viewed as
composed of symbols that people use to establish meaning, develop their
views of the world, and communicate with one another (Mead)
- Feminism - -The perspective that women's lives and experiences have
largely been ignored and must be brought to the forefront of sociological
thinking.
- Post Modernism - -The position that social life is not based on any kind of
linear history, but rather is always in flux. The media is often seen as a key
player in how people understand their lives.
- Microsociology - -The study of human behavior in contexts of face-to-face
interaction.
- Macrosociology - -The study of large-scale groups, organizations, or social
systems.
- Research Methods - -Differing approaches to the manipulation and control
of variables in empirical studies.
- Research Methods Steps - -1. Define the research problem.
, 2. Review the evidence
3. Make the problem precise
4. Work out a research design.
5. Carry out the research
6. Interpret the results
7. Report the findings
- Ethnography - -the method by which researchers attempt to understand a
group or culture by observing it from the inside, without imposing any
preconceived notions they might have
- Surveys - -A method where specific, carefully constructed questions are
asked to specific, carefully selected individuals.
- Experimental design - -A design in which researchers manipulate an
independent variable and measure a dependent variable to determine a
cause-and-effect relationship
- Comparative Research - -A methodology by which two or more entities,
which are similar in many dimensions but differ on one in question, are
compared to learn about the dimension that differs between them
- Historical Sociology - -A discipline which uses the data of historians and
social scientists, and the conceptual tools and theories of sociology, to
analyze and compare types of events in history to better understand larger
social patterns and processes of change
- Population - -A group of individuals that belong to the same species and
live in the same area
- Sample - -The subset of the population chosen by the investigator for
study
- Random sampling - -The key technique employed by survey researchers,
which operates on the principle that everyone should have an equal
probability of being selected for the sample.
- Generalizability - -Extent to which research results apply to a range of
individuals not included in the study.
Detailed Answers
Sociological imagination - -Ability to see the connection between the larger
world and our personal lives
- How is sociological imagination used? - -To view the world socially by
moving away from viewing problems as personal troubles and toward
recognizing them as public issues.
- Sociology - -The scientific study of human social life, groups, and societies
- Social Theory - -A set of principles and propositions that explains the
relationships among social phenomena
- Functionalism - -The approach to understanding the role or contribution of
some event, activity, or institution to maintain the workings of society as a
whole (Comte and Durkheim)
- Conflict Theory - -A theory that looks at society as a competition for
limited resources (Marx)
- Symbolic Interactionism - -The theory in which society is viewed as
composed of symbols that people use to establish meaning, develop their
views of the world, and communicate with one another (Mead)
- Feminism - -The perspective that women's lives and experiences have
largely been ignored and must be brought to the forefront of sociological
thinking.
- Post Modernism - -The position that social life is not based on any kind of
linear history, but rather is always in flux. The media is often seen as a key
player in how people understand their lives.
- Microsociology - -The study of human behavior in contexts of face-to-face
interaction.
- Macrosociology - -The study of large-scale groups, organizations, or social
systems.
- Research Methods - -Differing approaches to the manipulation and control
of variables in empirical studies.
- Research Methods Steps - -1. Define the research problem.
, 2. Review the evidence
3. Make the problem precise
4. Work out a research design.
5. Carry out the research
6. Interpret the results
7. Report the findings
- Ethnography - -the method by which researchers attempt to understand a
group or culture by observing it from the inside, without imposing any
preconceived notions they might have
- Surveys - -A method where specific, carefully constructed questions are
asked to specific, carefully selected individuals.
- Experimental design - -A design in which researchers manipulate an
independent variable and measure a dependent variable to determine a
cause-and-effect relationship
- Comparative Research - -A methodology by which two or more entities,
which are similar in many dimensions but differ on one in question, are
compared to learn about the dimension that differs between them
- Historical Sociology - -A discipline which uses the data of historians and
social scientists, and the conceptual tools and theories of sociology, to
analyze and compare types of events in history to better understand larger
social patterns and processes of change
- Population - -A group of individuals that belong to the same species and
live in the same area
- Sample - -The subset of the population chosen by the investigator for
study
- Random sampling - -The key technique employed by survey researchers,
which operates on the principle that everyone should have an equal
probability of being selected for the sample.
- Generalizability - -Extent to which research results apply to a range of
individuals not included in the study.
