A&E II: EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
2. The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving IV
furosemide (Lasix) and morphine for the treatment of acute
decompensated heart failure (ADHF) with severe orthopnea.
Which clinical finding is the best indicator that the treatment has
been effective?
a. Weight loss of 2 lb in 24 hours
b. Hourly urine output greater than 60 mL
c. Reduction in patient complaints of chest pain
d. Reduced dyspnea with the head of bed at 30 degrees Correct
Answers d. Reduced dyspnea with the head of bed at 30 degrees
3. Which topic will the nurse plan to include in discharge
teaching for a patient with heart failure with reduced ejection
fraction (HFrEF)?
a. Need to begin an aerobic exercise program several times
weekly
b. Use of salt substitutes to replace table salt when cooking and
at the table
c. Importance of making an annual appointment with the health
care provider
d. Benefits and side effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme
(ACE) inhibitors Correct Answers d. Benefits and side effects
of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
9. To determine if a client has an initial manifestation typically
seen in clients with bladder neoplasm, the nurse would ask
,a. "Do you have pain when you urinate?"
b. "Do you produce larger amounts of urine than you have in the
past?"
c. "Have you noticed any blood in your urine?"
d. "Have you noticed that you urinate more frequently than you
used to?" Correct Answers ANS: C
Painless gross hematuria is most frequently the first
manifestation of bladder cancer, occurring in 85% of all cases.
A 22-yr-old patient tells the nurse at the health clinic that he has
recently had some problems with erectile dysfunction. Which
question should the nurse ask to assess for possible etiologic
factors in this age group?
a. "Do you use recreational drugs or drink alcohol?"
b. "Do you experience an unusual amount of stress?"
c. "Do you have cardiovascular or peripheral vascular disease?"
d. "Do you have a history of an erection that lasted for 6 hours
or more?" Correct Answers a. "Do you use recreational drugs
or drink alcohol?"
A 33-yr-old patient has a saline breast implant inserted in the
outpatient surgery area. Which instruction will the nurse include
in the discharge teaching?
a. Take aspirin every 4 hours to reduce inflammation.
b. Check wound drains for excessive blood or a foul odor.
c. Wear a loose-fitting bra to decrease irritation of the sutures.
d. Resume normal activities 2 to 3 days after the mammoplasty.
Correct Answers b. Check wound drains for excessive blood or
a foul odor.
,A 36-yr-old patient who has a diagnosis of fibrocystic breast
changes calls the nurse in the clinic reporting symptoms. Which
information is likely to change the treatment plan?
a. There is yellow discharge from the patient's right nipple.
b. An area on the breast is hot, pink, and tender to the touch.
c. Firm, moveable lumps are in the upper outer breast quadrants.
d. The lumps get more painful before the patient's menstrual
period. Correct Answers b. An area on the breast is hot, pink,
and tender to the touch.
A 37-yr-old female patient is hospitalized with acute kidney
injury (AKI). Which information will be most useful to the
nurse in evaluating improvement in kidney function?
a. Urine volume
b. Creatinine level
c. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
d. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level Correct Answers ANS: C
GFR is the preferred method for evaluating kidney function.
BUN levels can fluctuate based on factors such as fluid volume
status and protein intake. Urine output can be normal or high
in patients with AKI and does not accurately reflect kidney
function. Creatinine alone is not an accurate reflection of renal
function.
A 53-yr-old patient is scheduled for an annual physical
examination. The nurse will plan to teach the patient about the
purpose of
a. urinalysis collection.
b. uroflowmetry studies.
, c. prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing.
d. transrectal ultrasound scanning (TRUS). Correct Answers c.
prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing.
A 53-yr-old patient with stage D heart failure and type 2
diabetes asks the nurse whether heart transplant is a possible
therapy. Which response by the nurse is most accurate?
a. "Your heart failure has not reached the end stage yet."
b. "You could not manage the multiple complications of that
surgery."
c. "The suitability of a heart transplant for you depends on many
factors."
d. "Because you have diabetes, you would not be a heart
transplant candidate." Correct Answers c. "The suitability of a
heart transplant for you depends on many factors."
A 53-yr-old woman who is experiencing menopause is
discussing the use of hormone therapy (HT) with the nurse.
Which information about the risk of breast cancer will the nurse
provide?
a. HT is a safe therapy for menopausal symptoms if there is no
family history of BRCA genes.
b. HT does not appear to increase the risk for breast cancer
unless there are other risk factors.
c. The patient and her health care provider must weigh the
benefits of HT against the risks of breast cancer.
d. Natural herbs are as effective as estrogen in relieving
symptoms without increasing the risk of breast cancer. Correct
Answers c. The patient and her health care provider must weigh
the benefits of HT against the risks of breast cancer.
SOLUTIONS
2. The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving IV
furosemide (Lasix) and morphine for the treatment of acute
decompensated heart failure (ADHF) with severe orthopnea.
Which clinical finding is the best indicator that the treatment has
been effective?
a. Weight loss of 2 lb in 24 hours
b. Hourly urine output greater than 60 mL
c. Reduction in patient complaints of chest pain
d. Reduced dyspnea with the head of bed at 30 degrees Correct
Answers d. Reduced dyspnea with the head of bed at 30 degrees
3. Which topic will the nurse plan to include in discharge
teaching for a patient with heart failure with reduced ejection
fraction (HFrEF)?
a. Need to begin an aerobic exercise program several times
weekly
b. Use of salt substitutes to replace table salt when cooking and
at the table
c. Importance of making an annual appointment with the health
care provider
d. Benefits and side effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme
(ACE) inhibitors Correct Answers d. Benefits and side effects
of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
9. To determine if a client has an initial manifestation typically
seen in clients with bladder neoplasm, the nurse would ask
,a. "Do you have pain when you urinate?"
b. "Do you produce larger amounts of urine than you have in the
past?"
c. "Have you noticed any blood in your urine?"
d. "Have you noticed that you urinate more frequently than you
used to?" Correct Answers ANS: C
Painless gross hematuria is most frequently the first
manifestation of bladder cancer, occurring in 85% of all cases.
A 22-yr-old patient tells the nurse at the health clinic that he has
recently had some problems with erectile dysfunction. Which
question should the nurse ask to assess for possible etiologic
factors in this age group?
a. "Do you use recreational drugs or drink alcohol?"
b. "Do you experience an unusual amount of stress?"
c. "Do you have cardiovascular or peripheral vascular disease?"
d. "Do you have a history of an erection that lasted for 6 hours
or more?" Correct Answers a. "Do you use recreational drugs
or drink alcohol?"
A 33-yr-old patient has a saline breast implant inserted in the
outpatient surgery area. Which instruction will the nurse include
in the discharge teaching?
a. Take aspirin every 4 hours to reduce inflammation.
b. Check wound drains for excessive blood or a foul odor.
c. Wear a loose-fitting bra to decrease irritation of the sutures.
d. Resume normal activities 2 to 3 days after the mammoplasty.
Correct Answers b. Check wound drains for excessive blood or
a foul odor.
,A 36-yr-old patient who has a diagnosis of fibrocystic breast
changes calls the nurse in the clinic reporting symptoms. Which
information is likely to change the treatment plan?
a. There is yellow discharge from the patient's right nipple.
b. An area on the breast is hot, pink, and tender to the touch.
c. Firm, moveable lumps are in the upper outer breast quadrants.
d. The lumps get more painful before the patient's menstrual
period. Correct Answers b. An area on the breast is hot, pink,
and tender to the touch.
A 37-yr-old female patient is hospitalized with acute kidney
injury (AKI). Which information will be most useful to the
nurse in evaluating improvement in kidney function?
a. Urine volume
b. Creatinine level
c. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
d. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level Correct Answers ANS: C
GFR is the preferred method for evaluating kidney function.
BUN levels can fluctuate based on factors such as fluid volume
status and protein intake. Urine output can be normal or high
in patients with AKI and does not accurately reflect kidney
function. Creatinine alone is not an accurate reflection of renal
function.
A 53-yr-old patient is scheduled for an annual physical
examination. The nurse will plan to teach the patient about the
purpose of
a. urinalysis collection.
b. uroflowmetry studies.
, c. prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing.
d. transrectal ultrasound scanning (TRUS). Correct Answers c.
prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing.
A 53-yr-old patient with stage D heart failure and type 2
diabetes asks the nurse whether heart transplant is a possible
therapy. Which response by the nurse is most accurate?
a. "Your heart failure has not reached the end stage yet."
b. "You could not manage the multiple complications of that
surgery."
c. "The suitability of a heart transplant for you depends on many
factors."
d. "Because you have diabetes, you would not be a heart
transplant candidate." Correct Answers c. "The suitability of a
heart transplant for you depends on many factors."
A 53-yr-old woman who is experiencing menopause is
discussing the use of hormone therapy (HT) with the nurse.
Which information about the risk of breast cancer will the nurse
provide?
a. HT is a safe therapy for menopausal symptoms if there is no
family history of BRCA genes.
b. HT does not appear to increase the risk for breast cancer
unless there are other risk factors.
c. The patient and her health care provider must weigh the
benefits of HT against the risks of breast cancer.
d. Natural herbs are as effective as estrogen in relieving
symptoms without increasing the risk of breast cancer. Correct
Answers c. The patient and her health care provider must weigh
the benefits of HT against the risks of breast cancer.
