DIT final Exam Questions and Answers Already Passed
What are phytochemicals? Name an example and explain the benefit. - Answers Definition: Any food or
food ingredient that may provide a health benefit (disease prevention)
beyond basic nutrition for growth & development
ex: capsaicin- modulates blood clotting
found in hot peppers
vitamin A - Answers Functions:
1. Promotes cell differentiation (retinoic acid)
2. Promotes good night vision and normal vision. (retinal)
a. Cornea.
b. Retina of eye (retinal)
3. Promotes reproduction & growth (retinol)
4. Antioxidant in the form of beta carotene
Hypovitaminosis A
• Night blindness
• Xerosis - corneal drying
• Xerophthalmia
• Keratinization
• Cell membrane integrity lost
• Impaired immunity/ infectious disease
Liver, fish liver oils, egg yolk, whole milk, and butter.
Rich yellow, deep orange fruits & vegetables; dark green leafy.
, Fortified nonfat milk.
vitamin D - Answers Roles in the body:
1. Promotes bone mineralization.
2. Raises blood concentration of calcium and phosphorus
3. Targets cells of immune system, CNS, skin, muscles and reproductive
organs
Deficiency: rickets (insufficient bone growth), osteoporosis, and high risk of unhealthy bones.
sources: sun, fortified milk, and egg yolks
vitamin E - Answers Function: antioxidant
1. Protects PUFA
2. Protects Vitamin A
3. Protects LDL against oxidation
4. Protects lungs
5. Immune system
Deficiency:
• Rare although most adults fall short of recommendation
• Erythrocyte hemolysis (RBC break)
• Prolonged deficiency neuromuscular dysfunction (loss of m. function/impaired vision & speech
• Readily destroyed by heat
Food: Vegetable oils, salad dressings, wheat germ, sweet potato, liver, green leafy vegetables, nuts,
seeds
vitamin K: - Answers Functions:
1. Functions in blood clotting
What are phytochemicals? Name an example and explain the benefit. - Answers Definition: Any food or
food ingredient that may provide a health benefit (disease prevention)
beyond basic nutrition for growth & development
ex: capsaicin- modulates blood clotting
found in hot peppers
vitamin A - Answers Functions:
1. Promotes cell differentiation (retinoic acid)
2. Promotes good night vision and normal vision. (retinal)
a. Cornea.
b. Retina of eye (retinal)
3. Promotes reproduction & growth (retinol)
4. Antioxidant in the form of beta carotene
Hypovitaminosis A
• Night blindness
• Xerosis - corneal drying
• Xerophthalmia
• Keratinization
• Cell membrane integrity lost
• Impaired immunity/ infectious disease
Liver, fish liver oils, egg yolk, whole milk, and butter.
Rich yellow, deep orange fruits & vegetables; dark green leafy.
, Fortified nonfat milk.
vitamin D - Answers Roles in the body:
1. Promotes bone mineralization.
2. Raises blood concentration of calcium and phosphorus
3. Targets cells of immune system, CNS, skin, muscles and reproductive
organs
Deficiency: rickets (insufficient bone growth), osteoporosis, and high risk of unhealthy bones.
sources: sun, fortified milk, and egg yolks
vitamin E - Answers Function: antioxidant
1. Protects PUFA
2. Protects Vitamin A
3. Protects LDL against oxidation
4. Protects lungs
5. Immune system
Deficiency:
• Rare although most adults fall short of recommendation
• Erythrocyte hemolysis (RBC break)
• Prolonged deficiency neuromuscular dysfunction (loss of m. function/impaired vision & speech
• Readily destroyed by heat
Food: Vegetable oils, salad dressings, wheat germ, sweet potato, liver, green leafy vegetables, nuts,
seeds
vitamin K: - Answers Functions:
1. Functions in blood clotting
