AC HPAT Physics
A force - ANS a force is any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of
an object. A force can cause an object with mass to change its velocity (which includes
to begin moving from a state of rest), i.e., to accelerate. Force can also be described
intuitively as a push or a pull
\Absolute Pressure - ANS · Absolute pressure is a pressure that is relative to the zero
pressure in the empty, air-free space of the universe. This reference pressure is the ideal
or absolute vacuum. It is denoted with the subscript "abs": Pabs.
\Acceleration - ANS · Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with time.
\Alternating current vs direct current - ANS · AC vs. DC (Alternating Current vs. Direct
current) The difference between AC and DC lies in the direction in which the electrons
flow. In DC, the electrons flow steadily in a single direction, or "forward." In AC, electrons
keep switching directions, sometimes going "forward" and then going "backward."
\Atmospheric pressure - ANS · Atmospheric pressure is a force in an area pushed
against a surface by the weight of the atmosphere of Earth, a layer of air. ... This is
because high places do not have as much air above them, pushing down. Barometers
can be used to measure atmospheric pressure. There is the same atmospheric pressure
from all directions.
\Bernoulli's Principle - ANS · Bernoulli's principle is an idea of fluid dynamics. It says that
as speed of the fluid increases, pressure decreases. For a steady flow, the amount of
fluid entering the pipe must equal the amount leaving the pipe, so the fluid speed in the
thin part must increase.
\Boyles Law - ANS · Boyle's law is a gas law, stating that the pressure and volume of a
gas have an inverse relationship. If volume increases, then pressure decreases and vice
versa, when temperature is held constant.
\Chemical Energy - ANS · Chemical energy is energy stored in the bonds of chemical
compounds, like atoms and molecules. This energy is released when a chemical reaction
takes place. Usually, once chemical energy has been released from a substance, that
substance is transformed into a completely new substance.
\Coefficient of friction - ANS · A coefficient of friction is a value that shows the
relationship between two objects and the normal reaction between the objects that are
involved. ... The coefficient of friction depends on the objects that are causing friction.
The value is usually between 0 and 1 but can be greater than 1.
\Conventional current - ANS · assumes that current flows out of the positive terminal,
through the circuit and into the negative terminal of the source. ... Electron Flow is what
actually happens, and electrons flow out of the negative terminal, through the circuit and
into the positive terminal of the source
\Density - ANS · Density is a measure of mass per volume. The average density of an
object equals its total mass divided by its total volume. An object made from a
comparatively dense material (such as iron) will have less volume than an object of equal
mass made from some less dense substance (such as water).
, \Displacement - ANS · Displacement is a vector quantity that refers to "how far out of
place an object is"; it is the object's overall change in position.
\DIstance - ANS · Distance is a scalar quantity that refers to "how much ground an object
has covered" during its motion.
\Efficiency - ANS · Efficiency is a measure of how much work or energy is conserved in a
process. In many processes, work or energy is lost, for example as waste heat or
vibration. The efficiency is the energy output, divided by the energy input, and expressed
as a percentage. A perfect process would have an efficiency of 100%.
\Electric potential difference - ANS · Electric potential difference, also known as voltage,
is the external work needed to bring a charge from one location to another location in an
electric field. Electric potential difference is the change of potential energy experienced
by a test charge that has a value of +1 .
\Electromagnet - ANS · An electromagnet is a magnet that runs on electricity. Unlike a
permanent magnet, the strength of an electromagnet can easily be changed by changing
the amount of electric current that flows through it. The poles of an electromagnet can
even be reversed by reversing the flow of electricity.
\Enerfgy conversion/transformation - ANS · the process of changing one form of energy
to another. In physics, the term energy describes the capacity to produce certain
changes within a system, without regard to limitations in transformation imposed by
Entropy.
\Energy - ANS · Energy, in physics, the capacity for doing work. It may exist in potential,
kinetic, thermal, electrical, chemical, nuclear, or other various forms. There are,
moreover, heat and work—i.e., energy in the process of transfer from one body to
another.
\Friction - ANS · Friction is a force that holds back the movement of a sliding object.
That's it. Friction is just that simple. You will find friction everywhere that objects come
into contact with each other.
\Gravitational force - ANS · The gravitational force is a force that attracts any two objects
with mass. ... In fact, every object, including you, is pulling on every other object in the
entire universe! This is called Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation.
\gravitational potential energy - ANS · Gravitational potential energy is energy an object
possesses because of its position in a gravitational field. The most common use of
gravitational potential energy is for an object near the surface of the Earth where the
gravitational acceleration can be assumed to be constant at about 9.8 m/s2.
\Input vs output force - ANS · The difference between the two is very simple to
understand: Input Force represents the amount of force that you put into another object.
Output Force represents the force that a specific object has as a result of the input force.
\Instantenous velocity - ANS · Instantaneous velocity is the velocity of an object in
motion at a specific point in time. This is determined similarly to average velocity, but we
narrow the period of time so that it approaches zero. If an object has a standard velocity
over a period of time, its average and instantaneous velocities may be the same.
\Kinetic energy - ANS The kinetic energy (KE) of an object is the energy that it possesses
due to its motion. It is defined as the work needed to accelerate a body of a given mass
A force - ANS a force is any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of
an object. A force can cause an object with mass to change its velocity (which includes
to begin moving from a state of rest), i.e., to accelerate. Force can also be described
intuitively as a push or a pull
\Absolute Pressure - ANS · Absolute pressure is a pressure that is relative to the zero
pressure in the empty, air-free space of the universe. This reference pressure is the ideal
or absolute vacuum. It is denoted with the subscript "abs": Pabs.
\Acceleration - ANS · Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with time.
\Alternating current vs direct current - ANS · AC vs. DC (Alternating Current vs. Direct
current) The difference between AC and DC lies in the direction in which the electrons
flow. In DC, the electrons flow steadily in a single direction, or "forward." In AC, electrons
keep switching directions, sometimes going "forward" and then going "backward."
\Atmospheric pressure - ANS · Atmospheric pressure is a force in an area pushed
against a surface by the weight of the atmosphere of Earth, a layer of air. ... This is
because high places do not have as much air above them, pushing down. Barometers
can be used to measure atmospheric pressure. There is the same atmospheric pressure
from all directions.
\Bernoulli's Principle - ANS · Bernoulli's principle is an idea of fluid dynamics. It says that
as speed of the fluid increases, pressure decreases. For a steady flow, the amount of
fluid entering the pipe must equal the amount leaving the pipe, so the fluid speed in the
thin part must increase.
\Boyles Law - ANS · Boyle's law is a gas law, stating that the pressure and volume of a
gas have an inverse relationship. If volume increases, then pressure decreases and vice
versa, when temperature is held constant.
\Chemical Energy - ANS · Chemical energy is energy stored in the bonds of chemical
compounds, like atoms and molecules. This energy is released when a chemical reaction
takes place. Usually, once chemical energy has been released from a substance, that
substance is transformed into a completely new substance.
\Coefficient of friction - ANS · A coefficient of friction is a value that shows the
relationship between two objects and the normal reaction between the objects that are
involved. ... The coefficient of friction depends on the objects that are causing friction.
The value is usually between 0 and 1 but can be greater than 1.
\Conventional current - ANS · assumes that current flows out of the positive terminal,
through the circuit and into the negative terminal of the source. ... Electron Flow is what
actually happens, and electrons flow out of the negative terminal, through the circuit and
into the positive terminal of the source
\Density - ANS · Density is a measure of mass per volume. The average density of an
object equals its total mass divided by its total volume. An object made from a
comparatively dense material (such as iron) will have less volume than an object of equal
mass made from some less dense substance (such as water).
, \Displacement - ANS · Displacement is a vector quantity that refers to "how far out of
place an object is"; it is the object's overall change in position.
\DIstance - ANS · Distance is a scalar quantity that refers to "how much ground an object
has covered" during its motion.
\Efficiency - ANS · Efficiency is a measure of how much work or energy is conserved in a
process. In many processes, work or energy is lost, for example as waste heat or
vibration. The efficiency is the energy output, divided by the energy input, and expressed
as a percentage. A perfect process would have an efficiency of 100%.
\Electric potential difference - ANS · Electric potential difference, also known as voltage,
is the external work needed to bring a charge from one location to another location in an
electric field. Electric potential difference is the change of potential energy experienced
by a test charge that has a value of +1 .
\Electromagnet - ANS · An electromagnet is a magnet that runs on electricity. Unlike a
permanent magnet, the strength of an electromagnet can easily be changed by changing
the amount of electric current that flows through it. The poles of an electromagnet can
even be reversed by reversing the flow of electricity.
\Enerfgy conversion/transformation - ANS · the process of changing one form of energy
to another. In physics, the term energy describes the capacity to produce certain
changes within a system, without regard to limitations in transformation imposed by
Entropy.
\Energy - ANS · Energy, in physics, the capacity for doing work. It may exist in potential,
kinetic, thermal, electrical, chemical, nuclear, or other various forms. There are,
moreover, heat and work—i.e., energy in the process of transfer from one body to
another.
\Friction - ANS · Friction is a force that holds back the movement of a sliding object.
That's it. Friction is just that simple. You will find friction everywhere that objects come
into contact with each other.
\Gravitational force - ANS · The gravitational force is a force that attracts any two objects
with mass. ... In fact, every object, including you, is pulling on every other object in the
entire universe! This is called Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation.
\gravitational potential energy - ANS · Gravitational potential energy is energy an object
possesses because of its position in a gravitational field. The most common use of
gravitational potential energy is for an object near the surface of the Earth where the
gravitational acceleration can be assumed to be constant at about 9.8 m/s2.
\Input vs output force - ANS · The difference between the two is very simple to
understand: Input Force represents the amount of force that you put into another object.
Output Force represents the force that a specific object has as a result of the input force.
\Instantenous velocity - ANS · Instantaneous velocity is the velocity of an object in
motion at a specific point in time. This is determined similarly to average velocity, but we
narrow the period of time so that it approaches zero. If an object has a standard velocity
over a period of time, its average and instantaneous velocities may be the same.
\Kinetic energy - ANS The kinetic energy (KE) of an object is the energy that it possesses
due to its motion. It is defined as the work needed to accelerate a body of a given mass
