CJC Exam Questions and Answers.

CJC Exam Questions and Answers. Criminal justice - CORRECT ANSWER Refers to the system (law enforcement, courts, and corrections) Criminology - CORRECT ANSWER Refers to the study of the nature, extent, causes of criminal offending and criminal victimization What is the Criminal Justice System? - CORRECT ANSWER Comprised of institutions, policies, and practices with the goal of social control and deterring crime through sanctions and rehabilitation Three primary components - CORRECT ANSWER Law Enforcement Courts Corrections Law Enforcement - CORRECT ANSWER Investigate crimes and apprehend individuals who have allegedly committed a crime Courts - CORRECT ANSWER Interpret and apply the law Corrections - CORRECT ANSWER Protects society from criminals through housing, monitoring, and other community based programs What is crime? - CORRECT ANSWER Breaking a law for which the criminal justice or some other governing authority prescribes punishment Street Crime - CORRECT ANSWER Relatively common and serious involving a victim and offender who come together in space in time Property Crime - CORRECT ANSWER Far more common than violent street crimes Victimless Crime - CORRECT ANSWER Illegal behavior that does not directly affect another individual White Collar Crime - CORRECT ANSWER Crimes committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his/her occupation Terrorism - CORRECT ANSWER Crime the received a great deal of attention in the public and academic studies Mala en se - CORRECT ANSWER Behavior that is immoral and inherently wrong by nature Mala prohibita - CORRECT ANSWER Behavior that is prohibited by law (changes over time) Justifiable Homicide - CORRECT ANSWER Lawful and intentional taking of another's life Adultery - CORRECT ANSWER Historically, adultery was a criminal behavior defined as sex between a married female and a person other than her spouse Driving Under the Influence - CORRECT ANSWER Increased criminalization Rape - CORRECT ANSWER Crime that has seen a expansion in its definition over time Crime Control Perspective - CORRECT ANSWER Prevent crime by shrewdly and harshly punishing offenders Rehabilitation - CORRECT ANSWER Role of the CJS is to care for and treat people who cannot take care of themselves Due Process Perspective - CORRECT ANSWER Focuses on the CJS purpose of enduring all accused of crimes are treated fairly and equally Restorative Justice Perspective - CORRECT ANSWER Repairing the harm caused by criminal behavior Nonintervention Perspective - CORRECT ANSWER CJS should be involved as minimally as possible Consensus Model - CORRECT ANSWER Supports the idea of social contract, originated from the work of John Locke and is based on the view that everyone in the CJS works in unison to achieve justice Conflict Model - CORRECT ANSWER Based on the notion of division and disparity among members of society and the struggles for power this causes Framing - CORRECT ANSWER Means criminal justice and crime stories are packaged into tidy presentations that make sharing the information easy Faulty Criminal Justice Frame - CORRECT ANSWER Crime occurs because of a dearth of law and order in the community, crimes are committed because criminals feel they can get away with it Blocked Opportunities Frame - CORRECT ANSWER Crime results from lack of legal opportunities among offenders, left with no other option but to commit crime) Social Breakdown Frame - CORRECT ANSWER Crime is an obvious result of a breakdown in family and community Racist System Frame - CORRECT ANSWER Tthe problem is not crime but rather the CJS, law enforcement, courts, and corrections are depicted as racist agents of oppression Violent Media Frame - CORRECT ANSWER Crime is depicted as a direct result of the violent media that bombards use on tv, movies, video games, and in music