lOMoARcPSD|26582732
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
TEST ONE, TWO, AND
THREE WITH
ANSWERS 2024
Answers Questions and highlight the correct answer
1. Extracellular volume deficits may result from:
a. Chronic heart failure
b. End-stage kidney failure
c. Vomiting and diarrhea -
d. Cirrhosis
2. Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder affecting the voluntary muscles.
The client with MG has antibodies formed to destroy which neurotransmitter
receptors?
a. Serotonin
b. Epinephrine
c. GABA
d. Acetylcholine
3. Distribution of fluid between interstitial and intercellular compartments occurs by a.
Passive transport
b. Filtration
c. Pinocytosis
d. Osmosis
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4. Conditions which result from excessive immune responses are
a. Rheumatoid arthritis, allergies-CHECK IT OUT
b. Chronic renal failure, macular degeneration
c. Type ll diabetes, smallpox
d. Allergies, onychomycosis
5.Dehydration can be caused by the loss of extracellular fluid and hypernatremia. One
of the symptoms of dehydration includes.
a. Excess fluid intake
b. Weight gain
c. Thirst
d. Slow, regular pulse
6. Malignant cancer cells display which of the following properties:
a. The ability to migrate to distant tissues
b. Planned cell death ( apoptosis )
c. Maintenance of a differentiated cell function
d. Slow cell division
7. Muscular dystrophy is a genetic disease characterized by:
a. The progressive loss of fat and fibrous tissue.
b. The progressive loss of muscle tissue and weakness.
c. The increased ability to generate muscle.
d. A complication of rheumatic fever.
8 A type of lymphocyte that provides cellular immunity and matures in the thymus is
called.
a. A red blood cells
b. Platelets
c. A T cells
d. A macrophage
9. Further education is necessary when the nursing student states that the differences
between the a
a. ADH will cause a smaller urine excretion, and more concentrated urine.
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b. Aldosterone will cause my client to reabsorb both sodium and water.
c. Aldosterone makes a smaller volume of urine and expands extracellular fluid volume.
d. ADH will cause more urination, whereby Aldosterone will stop urination.
10. The client with allergies will have a high level of:
a. Hemoglobin
b. Potassium
c. Sodium
d. Eosinophils-CHECK IT OUT
11. Which of the following is true regarding atopic dermatitis?
a. It occurs secondary to exposure to an irritant, such as nickel.
b. To is a long-term disorder from gout.
c. IT is a complex genetic disease that can often be relieved through moisturizing the
skin
d. IT may manifest as cradle cap or dandruff.
12. Prevention of pressure ulcers is achieved by:
a. Allowing clients to remain in one position
b. Off-loading pressure on the bony prominences
c. Telling bedridden clients to get out of bed.
d. Keeping the client nothing by mouth
13. The nurse recognizes warmth and redness in an area of cellulitis. What is the
cause of these clinical manifestations?
a. Increase interstitial fluid
b. Production of complement
c. A large number of white blood cells entering the area.-CHECK IT OUT
d. Increased blood flow into the area
14. A client has a potassium of 1.9 mEq/L. What assessment below is the highest
priority assessment?
a. Assess for jaundice
b. Assess for skin turgor
c. Assess the ability of the client to walk-CHECK IT OUT
d. Assess the cardiac telemetry/EKG for abnormalities
15. A nurse is assessing a wound. The previous nurse described the wound bed
having “granulation.” what is about this wound.
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a. The area of granulation is highly vascular, very fragile, and very susceptible to
infection.
b. Granulation is an erosion through the well of viscera, leading to complications.
c. The area of granulation is a type of adhesion with no vascularization.
d. Granulation is a form of stenosis, in a duct, that is extremely tough and resists attack by
microbes.
16. A client is diagnosed with heart failure after a 40-year history of untreated
hypertension. What is the development of heart failure called?
a. Complication
b. Clinical manifestation
c. Sequela
d. Chronic disease
17. Which of these exemplifies habituation?
a. The client finds a habit that relieves their stress.
b. A loud noise no longer elicits the fight-or-flight response.
c. The client ritualistically washes his hands five times before and after every activity.
d. A stressor begins to elicit greater stress each time it is encountered
18. The herpes virus has multiple sites to occupy. Shingles is a disorder of herpes sister
and has the clinical manifestations of.
a. Eruption of vesicles along sensory neuron dermatomes.
b. Psoriasis.
c. Long term fibromyalgia symptoms
d. Atopic dermatitis along the dermatome.
19. Histamine, one of the mediators of inflammation, has profound effects during the
inflammatory process by:
a. Causing bronchial dilation.-CHECK IT OUT
b. Causing vasodilation.
c. Drying up mucus production.
d. Causing vasoconstriction.
20. Fibromyalgia is frequently an understood disorder because;
a. The client complains of hyperactivity
b. The client cannot manage blood sugars
c. The client has pain but no specific diagnostics
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
TEST ONE, TWO, AND
THREE WITH
ANSWERS 2024
Answers Questions and highlight the correct answer
1. Extracellular volume deficits may result from:
a. Chronic heart failure
b. End-stage kidney failure
c. Vomiting and diarrhea -
d. Cirrhosis
2. Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder affecting the voluntary muscles.
The client with MG has antibodies formed to destroy which neurotransmitter
receptors?
a. Serotonin
b. Epinephrine
c. GABA
d. Acetylcholine
3. Distribution of fluid between interstitial and intercellular compartments occurs by a.
Passive transport
b. Filtration
c. Pinocytosis
d. Osmosis
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
4. Conditions which result from excessive immune responses are
a. Rheumatoid arthritis, allergies-CHECK IT OUT
b. Chronic renal failure, macular degeneration
c. Type ll diabetes, smallpox
d. Allergies, onychomycosis
5.Dehydration can be caused by the loss of extracellular fluid and hypernatremia. One
of the symptoms of dehydration includes.
a. Excess fluid intake
b. Weight gain
c. Thirst
d. Slow, regular pulse
6. Malignant cancer cells display which of the following properties:
a. The ability to migrate to distant tissues
b. Planned cell death ( apoptosis )
c. Maintenance of a differentiated cell function
d. Slow cell division
7. Muscular dystrophy is a genetic disease characterized by:
a. The progressive loss of fat and fibrous tissue.
b. The progressive loss of muscle tissue and weakness.
c. The increased ability to generate muscle.
d. A complication of rheumatic fever.
8 A type of lymphocyte that provides cellular immunity and matures in the thymus is
called.
a. A red blood cells
b. Platelets
c. A T cells
d. A macrophage
9. Further education is necessary when the nursing student states that the differences
between the a
a. ADH will cause a smaller urine excretion, and more concentrated urine.
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
b. Aldosterone will cause my client to reabsorb both sodium and water.
c. Aldosterone makes a smaller volume of urine and expands extracellular fluid volume.
d. ADH will cause more urination, whereby Aldosterone will stop urination.
10. The client with allergies will have a high level of:
a. Hemoglobin
b. Potassium
c. Sodium
d. Eosinophils-CHECK IT OUT
11. Which of the following is true regarding atopic dermatitis?
a. It occurs secondary to exposure to an irritant, such as nickel.
b. To is a long-term disorder from gout.
c. IT is a complex genetic disease that can often be relieved through moisturizing the
skin
d. IT may manifest as cradle cap or dandruff.
12. Prevention of pressure ulcers is achieved by:
a. Allowing clients to remain in one position
b. Off-loading pressure on the bony prominences
c. Telling bedridden clients to get out of bed.
d. Keeping the client nothing by mouth
13. The nurse recognizes warmth and redness in an area of cellulitis. What is the
cause of these clinical manifestations?
a. Increase interstitial fluid
b. Production of complement
c. A large number of white blood cells entering the area.-CHECK IT OUT
d. Increased blood flow into the area
14. A client has a potassium of 1.9 mEq/L. What assessment below is the highest
priority assessment?
a. Assess for jaundice
b. Assess for skin turgor
c. Assess the ability of the client to walk-CHECK IT OUT
d. Assess the cardiac telemetry/EKG for abnormalities
15. A nurse is assessing a wound. The previous nurse described the wound bed
having “granulation.” what is about this wound.
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
, lOMoARcPSD|26582732
a. The area of granulation is highly vascular, very fragile, and very susceptible to
infection.
b. Granulation is an erosion through the well of viscera, leading to complications.
c. The area of granulation is a type of adhesion with no vascularization.
d. Granulation is a form of stenosis, in a duct, that is extremely tough and resists attack by
microbes.
16. A client is diagnosed with heart failure after a 40-year history of untreated
hypertension. What is the development of heart failure called?
a. Complication
b. Clinical manifestation
c. Sequela
d. Chronic disease
17. Which of these exemplifies habituation?
a. The client finds a habit that relieves their stress.
b. A loud noise no longer elicits the fight-or-flight response.
c. The client ritualistically washes his hands five times before and after every activity.
d. A stressor begins to elicit greater stress each time it is encountered
18. The herpes virus has multiple sites to occupy. Shingles is a disorder of herpes sister
and has the clinical manifestations of.
a. Eruption of vesicles along sensory neuron dermatomes.
b. Psoriasis.
c. Long term fibromyalgia symptoms
d. Atopic dermatitis along the dermatome.
19. Histamine, one of the mediators of inflammation, has profound effects during the
inflammatory process by:
a. Causing bronchial dilation.-CHECK IT OUT
b. Causing vasodilation.
c. Drying up mucus production.
d. Causing vasoconstriction.
20. Fibromyalgia is frequently an understood disorder because;
a. The client complains of hyperactivity
b. The client cannot manage blood sugars
c. The client has pain but no specific diagnostics
Downloaded by NELSON KIIRU ()
