1. Which test is used to diagnose central serous chorioretinopathy?
A. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
B. Fluorescein Angiography
C. Visual Field Testing
D. Tonometry
Answer: A) Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
Rationale: OCT can detect fluid accumulation beneath the retina, a key
feature of central serous chorioretinopathy.
2. What is the most common cause of subconjunctival hemorrhage?
A. Trauma
B. Hypertension
C. Sneezing or Coughing
D. Anticoagulant Use
Answer: C) Sneezing or Coughing
Rationale: Sudden increases in venous pressure from sneezing or
coughing often result in subconjunctival hemorrhage.
3. Which structure is primarily affected in keratoconjunctivitis sicca
(dry eye syndrome)?
,A. Retina
B. Cornea
C. Meibomian Glands
D. Lacrimal Gland
Answer: D) Lacrimal Gland
Rationale: Dysfunction of the lacrimal gland leads to reduced tear
production, a hallmark of dry eye syndrome.
4. What is the primary complication of untreated pterygium?
A. Corneal Ulcer
B. Astigmatism
C. Endophthalmitis
D. Retinal Detachment
Answer: B) Astigmatism
Rationale: Pterygium can induce astigmatism by distorting the corneal
curvature.
5. What is the gold standard for diagnosing open-angle glaucoma?
A. Visual Field Testing
B. Tonometry
C. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
D. Gonioscopy
, Answer: D) Gonioscopy
Rationale: Gonioscopy is the gold standard for evaluating the angle of
the anterior chamber, essential in diagnosing glaucoma types.
6. Which condition is characterized by progressive thinning and cone-
shaped protrusion of the cornea?
A. Keratoconus
B. Pterygium
C. Corneal Dystrophy
D. Scleritis
Answer: A) Keratoconus
Rationale: Keratoconus is a non-inflammatory condition causing
corneal thinning and protrusion, leading to visual distortion.
7. What is the hallmark feature of retinitis pigmentosa on fundus
examination?
A. Cherry-Red Spot
B. Bone Spicule Pigmentation
C. Cotton Wool Spots
D. Retinal Detachment
Answer: B) Bone Spicule Pigmentation
Rationale: Bone spicule pigmentation is a characteristic finding in
retinitis pigmentosa, a progressive retinal dystrophy.
A. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
B. Fluorescein Angiography
C. Visual Field Testing
D. Tonometry
Answer: A) Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
Rationale: OCT can detect fluid accumulation beneath the retina, a key
feature of central serous chorioretinopathy.
2. What is the most common cause of subconjunctival hemorrhage?
A. Trauma
B. Hypertension
C. Sneezing or Coughing
D. Anticoagulant Use
Answer: C) Sneezing or Coughing
Rationale: Sudden increases in venous pressure from sneezing or
coughing often result in subconjunctival hemorrhage.
3. Which structure is primarily affected in keratoconjunctivitis sicca
(dry eye syndrome)?
,A. Retina
B. Cornea
C. Meibomian Glands
D. Lacrimal Gland
Answer: D) Lacrimal Gland
Rationale: Dysfunction of the lacrimal gland leads to reduced tear
production, a hallmark of dry eye syndrome.
4. What is the primary complication of untreated pterygium?
A. Corneal Ulcer
B. Astigmatism
C. Endophthalmitis
D. Retinal Detachment
Answer: B) Astigmatism
Rationale: Pterygium can induce astigmatism by distorting the corneal
curvature.
5. What is the gold standard for diagnosing open-angle glaucoma?
A. Visual Field Testing
B. Tonometry
C. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
D. Gonioscopy
, Answer: D) Gonioscopy
Rationale: Gonioscopy is the gold standard for evaluating the angle of
the anterior chamber, essential in diagnosing glaucoma types.
6. Which condition is characterized by progressive thinning and cone-
shaped protrusion of the cornea?
A. Keratoconus
B. Pterygium
C. Corneal Dystrophy
D. Scleritis
Answer: A) Keratoconus
Rationale: Keratoconus is a non-inflammatory condition causing
corneal thinning and protrusion, leading to visual distortion.
7. What is the hallmark feature of retinitis pigmentosa on fundus
examination?
A. Cherry-Red Spot
B. Bone Spicule Pigmentation
C. Cotton Wool Spots
D. Retinal Detachment
Answer: B) Bone Spicule Pigmentation
Rationale: Bone spicule pigmentation is a characteristic finding in
retinitis pigmentosa, a progressive retinal dystrophy.
